scholarly journals Vanadium Redox Flow Batteries: A Review Oriented to Fluid-Dynamic Optimization

Energies ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 176
Author(s):  
Iñigo Aramendia ◽  
Unai Fernandez-Gamiz ◽  
Adrian Martinez-San-Vicente ◽  
Ekaitz Zulueta ◽  
Jose Manuel Lopez-Guede
Keyword(s):  
Large Scale ◽  
Numerical Models ◽  
Fluid Dynamic ◽  
Renewable Energy Sources ◽  
Vanadium Redox Flow Battery ◽  
Redox Flow Batteries ◽  
Design Flexibility ◽  
Flow Batteries ◽  
Exchange Membrane ◽  
Vanadium Redox

Large-scale energy storage systems (ESS) are nowadays growing in popularity due to the increase in the energy production by renewable energy sources, which in general have a random intermittent nature. Currently, several redox flow batteries have been presented as an alternative of the classical ESS; the scalability, design flexibility and long life cycle of the vanadium redox flow battery (VRFB) have made it to stand out. In a VRFB cell, which consists of two electrodes and an ion exchange membrane, the electrolyte flows through the electrodes where the electrochemical reactions take place. Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) simulations are a very powerful tool to develop feasible numerical models to enhance the performance and lifetime of VRFBs. This review aims to present and discuss the numerical models developed in this field and, particularly, to analyze different types of flow fields and patterns that can be found in the literature. The numerical studies presented in this review are a helpful tool to evaluate several key parameters important to optimize the energy systems based on redox flow technologies.

A novel amphoteric ion-exchange membrane prepared by the pore-filling technique for vanadium redox flow batteries

RSC Advances ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 6 (67) ◽  
pp. 63023-63029 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. S. Lee ◽  
H. G. Kang ◽  
J. D. Jeon ◽  
Y. W. Choi ◽  
Y. G. Yoon
Keyword(s):  
Ion Exchange ◽  
Ion Exchange Membrane ◽  
Vanadium Redox Flow Battery ◽  
Redox Flow Battery ◽  
Flow Battery ◽  
Pore Filling ◽  
Redox Flow Batteries ◽  
Flow Batteries ◽  
Exchange Membrane ◽  
Vanadium Redox

A novel amphoteric ion-exchange membrane (AIEM) was prepared through the pore-filling technique, for vanadium redox flow battery (VRBs) applications.

scholarly journals Redox Flow Batteries: Materials, Design and Prospects

Energies ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (18) ◽  
pp. 5643
Author(s):  
Igor Iwakiri ◽  
Tiago Antunes ◽  
Helena Almeida ◽  
João P. Sousa ◽  
Rita Bacelar Figueira ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Renewable Energy Sources ◽  
Energy Sources ◽  
Future Perspectives ◽  
Major Step ◽  
Redox Flow Batteries ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Flow Batteries ◽  
Vanadium Redox ◽  
Interesting Alternative ◽  
Intense Research

The implementation of renewable energy sources is rapidly growing in the electrical sector. This is a major step for civilization since it will reduce the carbon footprint and ensure a sustainable future. Nevertheless, these sources of energy are far from perfect and require complementary technologies to ensure dispatchable energy and this requires storage. In the last few decades, redox flow batteries (RFB) have been revealed to be an interesting alternative for this application, mainly due to their versatility and scalability. This technology has been the focus of intense research and great advances in the last decade. This review aims to summarize the most relevant advances achieved in the last few years, i.e., from 2015 until the middle of 2021. A synopsis of the different types of RFB technology will be conducted. Particular attention will be given to vanadium redox flow batteries (VRFB), the most mature RFB technology, but also to the emerging most promising chemistries. An in-depth review will be performed regarding the main innovations, materials, and designs. The main drawbacks and future perspectives for this technology will also be addressed.

Synthesis and investigation of imidazolium functionalized poly(arylene ether sulfone)s as anion exchange membranes for all-vanadium redox flow batteries

RSC Advances ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 6 (8) ◽  
pp. 6029-6037 ◽  
Author(s):  
Di Lu ◽  
Lele Wen ◽  
Feng Nie ◽  
Lixin Xue
Keyword(s):  
Anion Exchange ◽  
Vanadium Redox Flow Battery ◽  
Anion Exchange Membranes ◽  
Redox Flow Battery ◽  
Flow Battery ◽  
Redox Flow Batteries ◽  
Arylene Ether ◽  
Flow Batteries ◽  
Vanadium Redox

A serials of imidazolium functionalized poly(arylene ether sulfone) as anion exchange membranes (AEMs) for all-vanadium redox flow battery (VRB) application are synthesized successfully in this study.

Laboratory XANES to study vanadium species in vanadium redox flow batteries

2020 ◽  
Vol 35 (S1) ◽  
pp. S24-S28 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christian Lutz ◽  
Ursula Elisabeth Adriane Fittschen
Keyword(s):  
Large Scale ◽  
Polymer Electrolyte Membranes ◽  
Measurement Time ◽  
Edge Structure ◽  
Redox Flow Batteries ◽  
Flow Batteries ◽  
Electrolyte Membranes ◽  
X Ray Absorption ◽  
Vanadium Redox ◽  
Vanadium Species

The speciation of vanadium in the electrolyte of vanadium redox flow batteries (VRFBs) is important to determine the state of charge of the battery. To obtain a better understanding of the transport of the different vanadium species through the separator polymer electrolyte membranes, it is necessary to be able to determine concentration and species of the vanadium ions inside the nanoscopic water body of the membranes. The speciation of V in the electrolyte of VRFBs has been performed by others at the synchrotron by X-ray absorption near-edge structure analysis (XANES). However, the concentrations are quite high and not necessarily justify the use of a large-scale facility. Here, we show that vanadium species in the electrolyte and inside the ionomeric membranes can be determined by laboratory XANES. We were able to determine V species in the 1.6 M electrolyte with a measurement time of 2.3 h and V species having a concentration of 9.8 g kg−1 inside the membranes (178 µm thick) with a measurement time of 5 h. Our results show that laboratory XANES is an appropriate tool to study these kind of samples.

Ion exchange membranes for vanadium redox flow batteries

2014 ◽  
Vol 86 (5) ◽  
pp. 633-649 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiongwei Wu ◽  
Junping Hu ◽  
Jun Liu ◽  
Qingming Zhou ◽  
Wenxin Zhou ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Energy Storage ◽  
Ion Exchange ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Storage System ◽  
Energy Storage System ◽  
Ion Exchange Membranes ◽  
Structure And Property ◽  
Redox Flow Batteries ◽  
Flow Batteries ◽  
Vanadium Redox

Abstract In recent years, much attention has been paid to vanadium redox flow batteries (VRBs) because of their excellent performance as a new and efficient energy storage system, especially for large-scale energy storage. As one core component of a VRB, ion exchange membrane prevents cross-over of positive and negative electrolytes, while it enables the transportation of charge-balancing ions such as H+, $${\text{SO}}_4^{2 - },$$ and $${\text{HSO}}_4^ - $$ to complete the current circuit. To a large extent, its structure and property affect the performance of VRBs. This review focuses on the latest work on the ion exchange membranes for VRBs such as perfluorinated, partially fluorinated, and nonfluorinated membranes. The prospective for future development on membranes for VRBs is also proposed.

scholarly journals The Role of Oxygenic Groups and Sp3 Carbon Hybridization in Activated Graphite Electrodes for Vanadium Redox Flow Batteries

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ali Hassan ◽  
Asnake Sahele Haile ◽  
Theodore Tzedakis ◽  
Heine Anton Hansen ◽  
Piotr de Silva
Keyword(s):  
Dft Calculations ◽  
Density Functional ◽  
Vanadium Redox Flow Battery ◽  
Carbon Surface ◽  
Graphite Electrodes ◽  
Functional Theory ◽  
Redox Flow Batteries ◽  
Flow Batteries ◽  
Vanadium Redox

<p>Graphite felt is a widely used electrode material for vanadium redox flow batteries. Electrode activation leads to the functionalization of the graphite surface with epoxy, OH, C=O, and COOH oxygenic groups and changes the carbon surface morphology and electronic</p> <p>structure; thus, improving the electrode’s electroactivity relative to the untreated graphite. In this study, we conduct density functional theory (DFT) calculations to evaluate functionalization’s</p> <p>role towards the positive half-cell reaction of the vanadium redox flow battery. The DFT calculations show that oxygenic groups improve the graphite felt’s affinity towards the VO<sup>2+</sup>/VO2<sup>+</sup> redox couple in the following order: C=O > COOH > OH > basal plane. Projected density of states (PDOS) calculations show that these groups increase the electrode’s sp<sup>3 </sup>hybridization in the same order. We conclude that the increase in the sp<sup>3</sup> hybridization is responsible for the improved electroactivity, while the oxygenic groups’ presence is responsible for this sp<sup>3</sup> increment. These insights can help in the better selection of activation processes and optimization of their parameters.</p>

scholarly journals Fabrication of a composite anion exchange membrane with aligned ion channels for a high-performance non-aqueous vanadium redox flow battery

RSC Advances ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (9) ◽  
pp. 5010-5025 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jae-Hun Kim ◽  
Seungbo Ryu ◽  
Sandip Maurya ◽  
Ju-Young Lee ◽  
Ki-Won Sung ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ion Channels ◽  
Ion Exchange ◽  
Anion Exchange ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Anion Exchange Membrane ◽  
Vanadium Redox Flow Battery ◽  
Redox Flow Battery ◽  
Redox Flow Batteries ◽  
Exchange Membrane ◽  
Vanadium Redox

Fabrication of high-conductivity ion exchange membranes (IEMs) is crucial to improve the performance of non-aqueous vanadium redox flow batteries (NAVRFBs).

scholarly journals Ex-Situ Evaluation of Commercial Polymer Membranes for Vanadium Redox Flow Batteries (VRFBs)

Polymers ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (6) ◽  
pp. 926
Author(s):  
Nana Zhao ◽  
Harry Riley ◽  
Chaojie Song ◽  
Zhengming Jiang ◽  
Keh-Chyun Tsay ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Large Scale ◽  
Polymer Membranes ◽  
Ex Situ ◽  
Anion Exchange Membranes ◽  
In Situ Testing ◽  
Ionic Charge ◽  
Redox Flow Batteries ◽  
Flow Batteries ◽  
Vanadium Redox

Polymer membranes play a vital role in vanadium redox flow batteries (VRFBs), acting as a separator between the two compartments, an electronic insulator for maintaining electrical neutrality of the cell, and an ionic conductor for allowing the transport of ionic charge carriers. It is a major influencer of VRFB performance, but also identified as one of the major factors limiting the large-scale implementation of VRFB technology in energy storage applications due to its cost and durability. In this work, five (5) high-priority characteristics of membranes related to VRFB performance were selected as major considerable factors for membrane screening before in-situ testing. Eight (8) state-of-the-art of commercially available ion exchange membranes (IEMs) were specifically selected, evaluated and compared by a set of ex-situ assessment approaches to determine the possibility of the membranes applied for VRFB. The results recommend perfluorosulfonic acid (PFSA) membranes and hydrocarbon anion exchange membranes (AEMs) as the candidates for further in-situ testing, while one hydrocarbon cation exchange membrane (CEM) is not recommended for VRFB application due to its relatively high VO2+ ion crossover and low mechanical stability during/after the chemical stability test. This work could provide VRFB researchers and industry a valuable reference for selecting the polymer membrane materials before VRFB in-situ testing.

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