scholarly journals Assessment of High-Electrification UK Scenarios with Varying Levels of Nuclear Power and Associated Post-Fault Behaviour

Energies ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (6) ◽  
pp. 1780
Author(s):  
Mohamed Hadri ◽  
Vincenzo Trovato ◽  
Agnes Bialecki ◽  
Bruno Merk ◽  
Aiden Peakman
Keyword(s):  
Nuclear Power ◽  
Power Plants ◽  
Nuclear Power Plants ◽  
Unit Commitment ◽  
System Level ◽  
Electricity Production ◽  
Mixed Integer ◽  
Large Contribution ◽  
Low Carbon ◽  
Potential System

Renewable integration into the electricity system of Great Britain (GB) is causing considerable demand for additional flexibility from plants. In particular, a considerable share of this flexibility may be dispatched to secure post-fault transient frequency dynamics. Pursuant to the unprecedented changes to the traditional portfolio of generation sources, this work presents a detailed analysis of the potential system-level value of unlocking flexibility from nuclear electricity production. A rigorous enhanced mixed integer linear programming (MILP) unit commitment formulation is adopted to simulate several generation-demand scenarios where different layers of flexibility are associated to the operation of nuclear power plants. Moreover, the proposed optimisation model is able to assess the benefit of the large contribution to the system inertial response provided by nuclear power plants. This is made possible by considering a set of linearised inertia-dependent and multi-speed constraints on post fault frequency dynamics. Several case studies are introduced considering 2050 GB low-carbon scenarios. The value of operating the nuclear fleet under more flexible paradigms is assessed, including environmental considerations quantified in terms of system-level CO2 emissions’ reduction.

scholarly journals Radiation-ecological and toxicological characterization of the Uzh river water

2016 ◽  
pp. 152-156
Author(s):  
I. Shumyhay
Keyword(s):  
River Water ◽  
Nuclear Power ◽  
Power Plants ◽  
Nuclear Power Plants ◽  
Fish Fauna ◽  
Aquatic Organisms ◽  
The Black Sea ◽  
Water Runoff ◽  
Large Contribution ◽  
Artificial Radionuclides

The hydrosphere is one of the main tanks, which eventually received artificial radionuclides produced in nuclear explosions and in the operation of nuclear power plants. When accidents at nuclear power plants, in particular the Chernobyl large contribution to the total emissions of radioactivity have long-lived radionuclides — 90Sr and 137Cs. Sources of contamination of river water after the accident were like immediate loss of aerosols on the water surface, and radionuclide contaminated surface water runoff from the watershed and soil particles during the rainy or melting snow, a local radionuclide contaminated tributaries waters that it led to their entry into the rivers and the transfer to the water streams down to the Black Sea. Migration of the latter in the aquatic environment is considered in this article. We determined the concentration of artificial radionuclides in the waters of the river Uzh on the territory of Kiev region and their danger to fish fauna. It has been found that 137Cs and 90Sr in water are mainly in the form of solution. Also, the vast amount of radionuclides in the ecosystem is situated in bottom sediments. As a result of the Chernobyl accident radionuclide contamination of aquatic ecosystems has become a permanent factor of influence on the life of aquatic organisms. Comparison of 90Sr and 137Cs in fish with different types of food shows that ichthyophagi contained more radionuclides than planktonofagi. Pit-trap polluted sludge played a significant role for water purification process from radionuclides.

System-level Anomaly Detection for Nuclear Power Plants Using Variational Graph Auto-encoders

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Le Zhang ◽  
Wei Cheng ◽  
Xue Liu ◽  
Xuefeng Chen ◽  
Fengtian Chang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Anomaly Detection ◽  
Nuclear Power ◽  
Power Plants ◽  
Nuclear Power Plants ◽  
System Level

scholarly journals Multi-state Risk-Based Maintenance Analysis of Redundant Safety Systems Using the Markov Model and Fault Tree Method

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
Author(s):  
F. Mohammadhasani ◽  
A. Pirouzmand
Keyword(s):  
Nuclear Power ◽  
Power Plants ◽  
Nuclear Power Plants ◽  
Fault Tree ◽  
System Level ◽  
Aging Effects ◽  
Maintenance Activities ◽  
Maintenance Policies ◽  
Safety Systems ◽  
Tree Method

The risk-based maintenance strategy has received special attention in the safe operation of nuclear power plants. Simultaneous quantification of the positive and negative effects of maintenance activities and components degradation effect makes it possible to accurately evaluate the risk criterion for safety systems of nuclear power plants. However, it is difficult to integrate the effects of maintenance and components degradation into the standard reliability approaches. A straightforward approach for considering components degradation and different maintenance policies is to make use of Markov maintenance models. In this article, the effectiveness of maintenance activities (including changes in the surveillance test intervals and alteration in the different maintenance policies) on the components unavailability with considering aging effects is quantified using Markov maintenance models and then by coupling these models and the fault tree method, the risk measure is upgraded from the component level to the system level. The proposed models are applied to evaluate the unavailability of two safety systems of VVER-1000/V446 nuclear power plants as case studies. The results show that the Markov method due to its multi-state nature is effective in the conservative evaluation of risk measures so that the unavailability computed by the coupling process is higher than the original unavailability (calculated by system fault tree using PSA data of nuclear power plants) for all maintenance policies. In addition, this study illustrates that the developed Markov maintenance models could be applied to the large-scale whole plant level and provides a proper transition from the classical PSA methods to new techniques. This approach integrates the effects of maintenance strategies and components degradation. Also, it provides a practical and a more accurate tool to determine the technical specification of a real nuclear power plant from the risk point of view.

A deep transfer learning method for system-level fault diagnosis of nuclear power plants under different power levels

2022 ◽  
Vol 166 ◽  
pp. 108771
Author(s):  
Zhichao Wang ◽  
Hong Xia ◽  
Jiyu Zhang ◽  
M. Annor-Nyarko ◽  
Shaomin Zhu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fault Diagnosis ◽  
Transfer Learning ◽  
Nuclear Power ◽  
Power Plants ◽  
Nuclear Power Plants ◽  
System Level ◽  
Learning Method

scholarly journals Role of Nuclear Electricity in Low Carbon Economy

2020 ◽  
Vol 15 (3) ◽  
pp. 300-303
Author(s):  
S. M. Sirazam Sadekin ◽  
Sayma Zaman ◽  
M. A. Rashid Sarkar ◽  
Md. Altab Hossain
Keyword(s):  
Nuclear Power ◽  
Power Plants ◽  
Greenhouse Gas Emission ◽  
Safety Issue ◽  
Clean Energy ◽  
Electricity Production ◽  
Low Carbon ◽  
Low Carbon Economy ◽  
Carbon Economy

To deal with climate change, low carbon economy is an utmost necessity for the present world. Energy requirement is growing faster exponentially in each decade. Over the long term some of the traditional sources (coal, gas, oil) have become inadequate to meet up the increasing demand. Current consumption rate of fossil fuel will make them extinct by year 2050 to 2100. Based on these facts nuclear power plant is a strategic choice to develop a clean energy. This paper presents - the role of nuclear electricity in low carbon economy. Though nuclear energy can't be called as 'carbon neutral' but it gives rise to much less emission of carbon dioxide than fossil fuels. Comparing with other energy structures, nuclear electricity chain emits a limited amount of greenhouse gas emission. Despite the uncertainty of building future nuclear power plants, this paper further discussed climate policies have larger impact than the policies that are against nuclear electricity production. The safety issue which is a public concern is also discussed here in short.

scholarly journals Machine Learning-Guided Dual Heuristics and New Lower Bounds for the Refueling and Maintenance Planning Problem of Nuclear Power Plants

Algorithms ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (8) ◽  
pp. 185 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nicolas Dupin ◽  
El-Ghazali Talbi
Keyword(s):  
Machine Learning ◽  
Nuclear Power ◽  
Power Plants ◽  
Nuclear Power Plants ◽  
Machine Learning Techniques ◽  
Mixed Integer ◽  
Planning Problem ◽  
Maintenance Planning ◽  
Learning Techniques ◽  
Dual Bounds

This paper studies the hybridization of Mixed Integer Programming (MIP) with dual heuristics and machine learning techniques, to provide dual bounds for a large scale optimization problem from an industrial application. The case study is the EURO/ROADEF Challenge 2010, to optimize the refueling and maintenance planning of nuclear power plants. Several MIP relaxations are presented to provide dual bounds computing smaller MIPs than the original problem. It is proven how to get dual bounds with scenario decomposition in the different 2-stage programming MILP formulations, with a selection of scenario guided by machine learning techniques. Several sets of dual bounds are computable, improving significantly the former best dual bounds of the literature and justifying the quality of the best primal solution known.

Work structure in nuclear power plants

1983 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marjorie B. Bauman ◽  
Richard F. Pain ◽  
Harold P. Van Cott ◽  
Margery K. Davidson
Keyword(s):  
Nuclear Power ◽  
Power Plants ◽  
Nuclear Power Plants ◽  
Work Structure
Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document