scholarly journals Using Thermal Energy Storage to Relieve Wind Generation Curtailment in an Island Microgrid

Energies ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (10) ◽  
pp. 2851
Author(s):  
Huanhuan Luo ◽  
Weichun Ge ◽  
Jingzhuo Sun ◽  
Quanyuan Jiang ◽  
Yuzhong Gong
Keyword(s):  
Energy Storage ◽  
Wind Power ◽  
Thermal Energy ◽  
Thermal Energy Storage ◽  
Operating Cost ◽  
Electrical Network ◽  
Wind Generation ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Cost Models ◽  
Real World Data

The uncertainty and intermittency of the available wind resource in nature would potentially cause wind generation curtailment when the flexibility of the integrated power grid is limited, especially in small-scale microgrids for islands. In this paper, an optimal configuration method is proposed to use thermal energy storage (TES) to relieve wind generation curtailment in an island microgrid. The thermal network is modeled along with the electrical network to utilize its regulation capability, while TES is introduced as an additional flexibility resource. The detailed cost models of combined heat and power (CHP) units and TES are presented to realize the objective of minimizing the overall operating cost. The performance of TES in improving wind power utilization is firstly validated by using an electrical boiler (EB) as a benchmark and further analyzed under different scenarios considering the growths of wind power capacity, electrical load, and heat load. The effectiveness of the proposed method is validated using real-world data obtained from the practical island microgrid.

scholarly journals Performance Evaluation of a Small-Scale Latent Heat Thermal Energy Storage Unit for Heating Applications Based on a Nanocomposite Organic PCM

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (4) ◽  
pp. 88 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maria K. Koukou ◽  
George Dogkas ◽  
Michail Gr. Vrachopoulos ◽  
John Konstantaras ◽  
Christos Pagkalos ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heat Transfer ◽  
Energy Storage ◽  
Thermal Behavior ◽  
Latent Heat ◽  
Flow Rate ◽  
Thermal Energy ◽  
Thermal Energy Storage ◽  
Heat Transfer Fluid ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Solidification Processes

A small-scale latent heat thermal energy storage (LHTES) unit for heating applications was studied experimentally using an organic phase change material (PCM). The unit comprised of a tank filled with the PCM, a staggered heat exchanger (HE) for transferring heat from and to the PCM, and a water pump to circulate water as a heat transfer fluid (HTF). The performance of the unit using the commercial organic paraffin A44 was studied in order to understand the thermal behavior of the system and the main parameters that influence heat transfer during the PCM melting and solidification processes. The latter will assist the design of a large-scale unit. The effect of flow rate was studied given that it significantly affects charging (melting) and discharging (solidification) processes. In addition, as organic PCMs have low thermal conductivity, the possible improvement of the PCM’s thermal behavior by means of nanoparticle addition was investigated. The obtained results were promising and showed that the use of graphite-based nanoplatelets improves the PCM thermal behavior. Charging was clearly faster and more efficient, while with the appropriate tuning of the HTF flow rate, an efficient discharging was accomplished.

Near Optimal Model Predictive Control of Thermal Energy Storage

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
O. A. Qureshi ◽  
P. R. Armstrong
Keyword(s):  
Energy Storage ◽  
Model Predictive Control ◽  
Predictive Control ◽  
Thermal Energy ◽  
Thermal Energy Storage ◽  
High Reliability ◽  
Operating Cost ◽  
Weather Conditions ◽  
Preliminary Evaluation ◽  
Novel Algorithm

Abstract Efficient plant operation can be achieved by properly loading and sequencing available chillers to charge a thermal energy storage (TES) reservoir. TES charging sequences are often determined by heuristic rules that typically aim to reduce utility costs under time of use rates. However, such rules of thumb are in most cases far from optimal even for this task. Rigorous optimization, on the other hand, is computationally expensive and can be unreliable as well if not carefully implemented. Model-predictive control (MPC) that is reliable, as well as effective, in TES application must be developed. The goal is to develop an algorithm that can reach ∼80% of achievable energy efficiency and peak shifting capacity with very high reliability. A novel algorithm is developed to reliably achieve near optimal control for charging cool storage in chiller plants. Algorithm provides a constant COP (or cost per ton-hour) for 24-hr dispatch plan at which plant operates during most favorable weather conditions. Preliminary evaluation of this novel algorithm has indicated up to 6% improvement in plant annual operating cost relative to the same plant operating without TES. TOU rate used in both cases charges 7.4cents/kWh during off peak hours and 9.8cents/kWh during peak hours (Peak hours are 10 am to 10 pm).

Effect of Design Parameters on the Performance of Thermal Energy Storage Systems

Solar Energy ◽  
2004 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gregor P. Henze
Keyword(s):  
Energy Storage ◽  
Thermal Energy ◽  
Thermal Energy Storage ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Control Strategies ◽  
Storage System ◽  
Operating Cost ◽  
Energy Storage System ◽  
Design Parameters ◽  
Wide Range

This paper describes simulation-based results of a large-scale investigation of a commercial cooling plant including a thermal energy storage system. A cooling plant with an ice-on-coil system with external melt and a reciprocating compressor operating in a large office building was analyzed under four different control strategies. Optimal control as the strategy that minimizes the total operating cost (demand and energy charges) served as a benchmark to assess the performance of the three conventional controls. However, all control strategies depend on properly selected design parameters. The storage and chiller capacities as the primary design parameters were varied over a wide range and the dependence of the system’s cost saving performance on these parameters was evaluated.

scholarly journals Design of a parabolic trough concentrated solar power plant in Al-Khobar, Saudi Arabia

2020 ◽  
Vol 160 ◽  
pp. 02005
Author(s):  
Wael Al-Kouz ◽  
Jamal Nayfeh ◽  
Alberto Boretti
Keyword(s):  
Saudi Arabia ◽  
Energy Storage ◽  
Power Plant ◽  
Thermal Energy ◽  
Thermal Energy Storage ◽  
Solar Power ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Solar Power Plant ◽  
Concentrated Solar Power ◽  
Parabolic Trough

The paper discusses the design options for a concentrated solar power plant in Al-Khobar, Saudi Arabia. The specific conditions, in terms of weather and sun irradiance, are considered, including sand and dust, humidity, temperature and proximity to the sea. Different real-world experiences are then considered, to understand the best design to adapt to the specific conditions. Concentrated solar power solar tower with thermal energy storage such as Crescent Dunes, or concentrated solar power solar tower without thermal energy storage but boost by natural gas combustion such as Ivanpah are disregarded for the higher costs, the performances well below the design, and the extra difficulties for the specific location such as temperatures, humidity and sand/dust that suggest the use of an enclosed trough. Concentrated solar power parabolic trough without thermal energy storage such as Genesis or Mojave, of drastically reduced cost and much better performances, do not provide however the added value of thermal energy storage and dispatchability that can make interesting Concentrated solar power vs. alternatives such as wind and solar photovoltaic. Thus, the concentrated solar power parabolic trough with thermal energy storage of Solana, of intermediate costs and best performances, albeit slightly lower than the design values, is selected. This design will have to be modified to enclosed trough and adopt a Seawater, Once-trough condenser. Being the development peculiar, a small scale pilot plant is suggested before a full-scale development.

Active and Passive Thermal Energy Storage in Combined Heat and Power Plants to Promote Wind Power Accommodation

2017 ◽  
Vol 143 (5) ◽  
pp. 04017037 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yuanhang Dai ◽  
Lei Chen ◽  
Yong Min ◽  
Qun Chen ◽  
Yiwei Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Energy Storage ◽  
Wind Power ◽  
Thermal Energy ◽  
Thermal Energy Storage ◽  
Power Plants ◽  
Combined Heat And Power
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