scholarly journals Autoimmune Hypophysitis with Late Renal Involvement: A Case Report

Endocrines ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 160-166
Author(s):  
Stefano Iuliano ◽  
Maria Carmela Zagari ◽  
Margherita Vergine ◽  
Alessandro Comi ◽  
Michele Andreucci ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hormone Replacement Therapy ◽  
Replacement Therapy ◽  
Hormone Replacement ◽  
Renal Involvement ◽  
Hormone Secretion ◽  
Autoimmune Hypophysitis ◽  
Autoimmune Inflammatory Disease ◽  
Pituitary Lesion ◽  
And Function

We report a case of a 50-year-old male admitted to the Endocrinology Unit because of persistent headaches, nausea, feeling tired, sudden weight loss, cold intolerance, decreased appetite, and lack of sex interest. Diagnostic workup showed a 6-millimeter pituitary tumor without signs of compression, and a condition of progressive panhypopituitarism. After 12 months of hormone replacement therapy, the patient was hospitalized because of sudden weight gain, periorbital-peripheral edema, severe dyslipidemia, hypertension, and proteinuria. Corticosteroid therapy was shifted from oral to continuous intravenous infusion, and once the diagnosis of “immune complex-mediated glomerulonephritis with mesangial deposits suggestive for membranoproliferative glomerulonephritis type IIIIgG4-positive” was made, the immunosuppressant mycophenolate (1500 mg/day) was started. After a 6-month follow-up, the complete resolution of renal symptoms was accompanied by the disappearance of a pituitary lesion and the patient was back to prior hormone replacement therapy. Autoimmune hypophysitis (AH) is a rare autoimmune inflammatory disease of the pituitary gland that can impair hormone secretion and function. IgG4-hypophysitis is rare and is usually associated with other IgG4-related diseases. Herein, we describe a rare case of AH associated with late renal disease, and without any other organ involvement.

scholarly journals Determinants of first prescription of hormone replacement therapy. A follow-up study among 1689 women aged 45–60 years

Maturitas ◽  
1994 ◽  
Vol 20 (2-3) ◽  
pp. 81-89 ◽  
Author(s):  
F.P.M.J. Groeneveld ◽  
F.P. Bareman ◽  
R. Barentsen ◽  
H.J. Dokter ◽  
A.C. Drogendijk ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hormone Replacement Therapy ◽  
Replacement Therapy ◽  
Hormone Replacement ◽  
Follow Up Study

scholarly journals The Hormone Replacement Therapy in Cerebrovascular Diseases: Is the Receptor Remodeled?

2013 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 9-15
Author(s):  
Fuzhou Wang
Keyword(s):  
Hormone Replacement Therapy ◽  
Replacement Therapy ◽  
Hormone Replacement ◽  
Cerebrovascular Disorders ◽  
Animal Experiments ◽  
Cerebrovascular Diseases ◽  
Receptor Expression ◽  
Cerebral Vessel ◽  
Receptor Plasticity ◽  
And Function

Events in cerebral vessel have long been considered as a leading cause of disability in postmenopausal women with the physiological changes in expression and secretion of sex hormones. Hormone replacement therapy (HRT) emerged as a supplementary therapeutic strategy for them with the potential risk of cerebrovascular accidents. Epidemiological and genetic data showed that an interrelationship exists between hormone replacement and cerebrovascular disorders. Many animal experiments and clinical observations produced different results: these varied from positive to negative. Furthermore, recent studies could not identify the particular hormone, estrogen or progesterone that is more beneficial than the other. Here we summarize the two hormones’ effects on cerebrovascular diseases; associated epidemiological and genetic evidences; and the real status of the benefits and risks of HRT as well. We further hypothesize that whatever effects of HRT on brain vessel, hormone receptor expression, density, sensitivity and function may undergo alteration to varying extents, i.e. receptor plasticity gives rise to the receptor remodeling in postmenopausal older women, this may terminally produce the unwelcome effects.

Hormone replacement therapy: One-year follow up of DNA damage

2005 ◽  
Vol 585 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 14-20 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marta Casella ◽  
Samantha Manfredi ◽  
Maria Grazia Andreassi ◽  
Cristina Vassalle ◽  
Concetta Prontera ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dna Damage ◽  
Hormone Replacement Therapy ◽  
Replacement Therapy ◽  
Hormone Replacement ◽  
One Year

scholarly journals Current Evidence of the Oncological Benefit-Risk Profile of Hormone Replacement Therapy

Medicina ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 55 (9) ◽  
pp. 573 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marta D’Alonzo ◽  
Valentina Elisabetta Bounous ◽  
Michela Villa ◽  
Nicoletta Biglia
Keyword(s):  
Hormone Replacement Therapy ◽  
Replacement Therapy ◽  
Hormone Replacement ◽  
Current Evidence ◽  
Conjugated Equine Estrogen ◽  
Colon Cancer Risk ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Intact Uterus ◽  
Progestin Therapy

Hormone replacement therapy (HRT) remains the most effective treatment for menopausal symptoms and has been shown to prevent bone loss and fracture. The progestogen is added to provide endometrial protection in women with an intact uterus. After the publication of the initial WHI (Women’s Health Initiative) results in 2002 reporting an overall increased risk of breast cancer, many women discontinued HRT. Despite the re-analysis of the results by subgroups of patients and updates with extended follow-up, much controversy remains, which we will analyze later in the text. Different types of estrogen or progestogen, as well as different formulations, doses, and durations, may play a role in HRT’s effects on breast tissue. Evidence states that conjugated equine estrogen (CEE), compared to estro-progestin therapy, shows a better profile risk (HR 0.79, CI 0.65–0.97) and that, among different type of progestins, those structurally related to testosterone show a higher risk (RR 3.35, CI 1.07–10.4). Chronic unopposed endometrial exposure to estrogen increases the risk of endometrial hyperplasia and cancer, whereas the association with progestins, especially in continuous combined regimen, seems to reduce the risk (RR 0.71, CI 0.56–0.90). HRT was also associated with a protective effect on colon cancer risk (HR 0.61, CI 0.42–0.87). Data about ovarian and cervical cancer are still controversial.

scholarly journals Hormone replacement therapy and mortality in 52- to 70-year-old women: the Kuopio Osteoporosis Risk Factor and Prevention Study

2006 ◽  
Vol 154 (1) ◽  
pp. 101-107 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kati Pentti ◽  
Risto Honkanen ◽  
Marjo T Tuppurainen ◽  
Lorenzo Sandini ◽  
Heikki Kröger ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Risk Factor ◽  
Hormone Replacement Therapy ◽  
Replacement Therapy ◽  
Cancer Mortality ◽  
Hormone Replacement ◽  
Breast Cancer Mortality ◽  
Prevention Study ◽  
Osteoporosis Risk

Objectives: To analyze prospectively the association between hormone replacement therapy (HRT) and mortality in women before old age. Design and methods: A group of 11 667 women (91% of the age cohort of the area) aged 52–62 years from the population-based Kuopio Osteoporosis Risk Factor and Prevention Study were followed for 7 years in 1994–2001. Information about HRT use and health events was obtained from two repeated questionnaires in 1989 and 1994. Information about deaths and causes of death from the follow-up period was obtained from the Statistics Finland. Cox’s proportional-hazards models were used to calculate risk of death related to the use of HRT. Results: At the start of follow-up, 2203 women had used HRT >5 years, 3945 women ≤5 years and 5519 women had never used it. During the follow-up, 361 deaths occurred. Compared with non-users of HRT, the adjusted hazard ratio (HR) of death from any cause was 1.05 (95% confidence interval (CI) 0.80–1.36) in women who used HRT ≤5 years and 1.06 (95% CI 0.78–1.46) in women who used HRT >5 years. The adjusted HR for coronary heart disease (CHD) mortality in women who used HRT ≤5 years was 0.79 (95% CI 0.36–1.73), and in women who used HRT >5 years, 2.16 (95% CI 0.93–4.98). For breast cancer mortality the adjusted HR for ≤5 years of HRT use was 0.96 (95% CI 0.32–2.82) and 2.62 (95% CI 0.98–7.00) for >5 years of HRT use. Conclusions: History of HRT use does not affect overall or CHD mortality in women. More than 5 years of HRT use may increase the risk of breast cancer mortality.

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