scholarly journals Preliminary Estimates of Age, Growth and Natural Mortality of Margate, Haemulon album, and Black Margate, Anisotremus surinamensis, from the Southeastern United States

Fishes ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 4 (3) ◽  
pp. 44
Author(s):  
Michael L. Burton ◽  
Jennifer C. Potts ◽  
Andrew D. Ostrowski
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Life History ◽  
Atlantic Coast ◽  
Southeastern United States ◽  
Geographic Region ◽  
Fish Growth ◽  
Natural Mortality ◽  
Von Bertalanffy ◽  
Life History Parameters ◽  
Growth Equations

Ages of margate, Haemulon album (n = 415) and black margate, Anisotremus surinamensis (n = 130) were determined using sectioned sagittal otoliths collected from the Southeastern United States Atlantic coast from 1979 to 2017. Opaque zones were annular, forming between January and June for both species, with peaks in occurrence of otoliths with opaque margins in April for margate and March for black margate. The observed ages for margate were 0–22 years, and the largest fish measured 807 mm TL (total length). Black margate ranged in age from 3 to 17 years, and the largest fish was 641 mm TL. Weight–length relationships were: margate, ln(W) = 2.88 ln(TL) − 10.44 (n = 1327, r2 = 0.97, MSE = 0.02), where W is total weight (grams, g); black margate, ln(W) = 3.02 ln(TL) − 11.10 (n = 451, r2 = 0.95, MSE = 0.01). Von Bertalanffy growth equations were Lt = 731 (1 − e−0.23(t+0.38)) for margate, and Lt = 544 (1 − e−0.13(t+2.61)) for black margate. After re-estimating black margate growth using a bias-correction procedure to account for the lack of younger fish, growth was described by the equation Lt = 523 (1 − e−0.18(t+0.0001)). Age-invariant estimates of natural mortality were M = 0.19 y−1 and M = 0.23 y−1 for margate and black margate, respectively, while age-varying estimates of M ranged from 2.93 −0.23 y−1 for fish aged 0–22 for margate and 7.20 − 0.19 y−1 for fish aged 0–18 for black margate. This study presents the first documentation of life-history parameters for margate from the Atlantic waters off the Southeastern United States, and the first published estimate of black margate life history parameters from any geographic region.

scholarly journals Age, Growth, and Natural Mortality of Graysby, Cephalophilis cruentata, from the Southeastern United States

Fishes ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 4 (3) ◽  
pp. 36 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael L. Burton ◽  
Jennifer C. Potts ◽  
Andrew D. Ostrowski ◽  
Kyle W. Shertzer
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
North Carolina ◽  
Atlantic Coast ◽  
Southeastern United States ◽  
Florida Keys ◽  
Northern Region ◽  
Southern Region ◽  
Fish Growth ◽  
Natural Mortality ◽  
Growth Equations

Graysby (Cephalophilis cruentata) (n = 1308) collected from the southeastern United States Atlantic coast from 2001 to 2016 were aged using sectioned sagittal otoliths. Opaque zones formed February to June (peaking in April). Ages ranged from 2 to 21 years, and the largest fish measured 453 mm TL. Growth morph analysis revealed two regionally distinct growth trajectories: von Bertalanffy growth equations were Lt = 388 (1 − e−0.12(t+5.73)) for fish from North Carolina through southeast Florida (northern region), and Lt = 267 (1 − e−0.17(t+6.20)) for fish from the Florida Keys (southern region). When growth was re-estimated using a fixed t0 value of −0.75 to estimate for smaller fish, growth equations were Lt = 349 (1 − e−0.26(t+0.75)) and Lt = 250 (1 − e−0.43(t+0.75)) for fish from the northern and southern regions, respectively. The age-invariant estimate of natural mortality was M = 0.30 for all fish, while age-specific estimates ranged 0.88–0.28 y−1 for fish aged 1–21 from the northern region and 0.89–0.47 y−1 for fish aged 1–15 from the southern region. This study presents the first comprehensive analysis of life-history parameters for graysby from the Atlantic waters off the southeastern United States, including specimens from both recreational and commercial fisheries.

scholarly journals Age, growth, and natural mortality of schoolmaster (Lutjanus apodus) from the southeastern United States

PeerJ ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 4 ◽  
pp. e2543 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jennifer C. Potts ◽  
Michael L. Burton ◽  
Amanda R. Myers
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Life History ◽  
Southeastern United States ◽  
Fork Length ◽  
Point Estimate ◽  
Growth Equation ◽  
Natural Mortality ◽  
Von Bertalanffy ◽  
Von Bertalanffy Growth Equation ◽  
Lutjanus Apodus

Ages of schoolmaster (n= 136) from the southeastern Florida coast from 1981–2015 were determined using sectioned sagittal otoliths. Opaque zones were annular, forming March–July (peaking in May–June). Schoolmaster ranged in age from 1–42 years; the largest fish measured 505 mm total length (TL) and was 19 years old. The oldest fish measured 440 mm TL. Estimated body size relationships for schoolmaster were:W= 9.26 × 10−6TL3.11(n= 256,r2= 0.95);W= 2.13 × 10−5FL2.99(n= 161,r2= 0.95);TL= 1.03FL+ 10.36 (n= 143,r2= 0.99); andFL= 0.96TL− 8.41 (n= 143,r2= 0.99), whereW= whole weight in g,FL= fork length in mm, and TL in mm. The fitted von Bertalanffy growth equation was:Lt= 482 (1 −e−0.12(t+2.79)) (n= 136). Based on published life history relationships, a point estimate of natural mortality for schoolmaster wasM= 0.10, while age-specific estimates ofMranged from 1.57–0.18 for ages 1–42.

scholarly journals Age, Growth, and Natural Mortality of Whitebone Porgy, Calamus Leucosteus, From the Southeastern United States

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 22
Author(s):  
Michael L. Burton ◽  
Jennifer C. Potts ◽  
Ariel Poholek ◽  
Jordan Page ◽  
Dalton Knight
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Southeastern United States ◽  
Fork Length ◽  
Northern Region ◽  
Southern Region ◽  
Natural Mortality ◽  
Point Estimates ◽  
Growth Equations ◽  
Mean Size ◽  
Size At Age

Ages of whitebone porgy (Calamus leucosteus) (n = 559) from southeastern U. S. commercial and recreational fisheries from 1975 – 2017 were determined using sectioned otoliths. Opaque zones were annular, forming April – July (peaking in June). Ages ranged from 2 – 19 years, and the largest fish measured 513 mm TL (total length, mm). Body size relationships were: TL = 1.09 FL + 16.07 (n = 469, r2 = 0.97), FL = 0.89 TL – 6.39 (n= 469, r2 = 0.97), W = 2.8 x 10-5 TL2.91 (n = 462), and W = 6.8 x 10-5 FL2.82 (n = 417) where W is total weight (grams, g) and FL is fork length (mm). The von Bertalanffy growth equations were Lt = 365 (1 - e-0.35 (t + 1.37)) (n = 559) for all areas combined, Lt = 365 (1 - e-0.55(t + 0.00)) (n = 185) for fish from North Carolina through Cape Canaveral, Florida, and Lt = 368 (1 - e-0.25 (t + 2.51)) (n = 374) for fish from southeast Florida. Mean size-at-age was significantly different between regions for ages 4 – 9, (92% of total samples). Point estimates of natural mortality were M = 0.22 and M = 0.30 for northern- and southern-region fish, respectively, while age-specific estimates of M were 0.85 – 0.55 y-1 for ages 2– 19 for the northern region and 0.41 – 0.26 (ages 2-14) for southern region fish. This study presents updated life history parameters for whitebone porgy from the Atlantic waters off the southeastern United States.

Shellfishing Seasons in the Prehistoric Southeastern United States

1986 ◽  
Vol 51 (1) ◽  
pp. 21-37 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cheryl Claassen
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Brackish Water ◽  
Gulf Coast ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Atlantic Coast ◽  
Southeastern United States ◽  
Early Spring ◽  
Warm Weather ◽  
Brackish Water Species ◽  
Water Species

Shellfish seasonality studies are summarized in this article, which presents the results of analysis at 94 sites in nine southeastern states. All but six of the sites are middens or shell lenses composed of marine or brackish water species (M. mercenaria, R. cuneata, D. variabilis). Shells in those sites along the Atlantic coast were collected from fall to early spring, while shells in sites on the Gulf coast were collected during early spring to summer. Freshwater shellfish middens in four states have been investigated and consistently indicated collection during warm weather. The uniformity of the results indicates that the variation in species used, techniques used, sample sizes, or geography have no noticeable negative impact on the usefulness of the results. It is argued that shellfish were a staple in the diet of many prehistoric horticultural peoples in spite of the fact that they are a dietary supplement for modern hunters and collectors.

The Evolution of Life History Parameters in Teleosts

1984 ◽  
Vol 41 (6) ◽  
pp. 989-1000 ◽  
Author(s):  
Derek A. Roff
Keyword(s):  
Growth Rate ◽  
Life History ◽  
Life History Theory ◽  
Larval Survival ◽  
Reasonable Assumption ◽  
Natural Mortality ◽  
Age At First Reproduction ◽  
Life History Parameters ◽  
First Case ◽  
First Reproduction

Empirical studies have shown that in teleosts there is a significant correlation between the life history parameters, age at first reproduction, natural mortality, and growth rate. In this paper 1 hypothesize that these correlations are the result of evolutionary adjustments due to the trade-off between reproduction, growth, and survival. A simple and reasonable assumption is that the costs of reproduction are sufficient to cause the ltmt function to decrease. A simple expression relating the age at first reproduction is derived from this assumption. This formula accounts for a statistically significant portion (60.6%) of the variation in age at first reproduction in 30 stocks of fish. To extend the model to predict the distribution of life history parameters across all teleosts, an explicit cost function is incorporated. The model is analyzed with respect to two fitness measures, the expected lifetime fecundity and malthusian parameter, r. In the first case it is shown that the optimal age at maturity, T, depends only on the natural mortality rate (M) and the growth rate (k). In the second case, T is a function of k and the logarithm of a parameter, In C; the latter is a product of egg and larval survival, maximum body length (Lx), and the proportionality coefficient of the fecundity/length function. Difficulties of measuring egg and larval survival make the testing of the latter case difficult for particular species. However, this method provides a simple formula for the computation of r; this is shown generally to be approximately zero, thereby adding strength to the assumptions of the first analysis. The distribution patterns of T on k and M on k are predicted and compared with the observed pattern. In general, the predictions are validated: however, certain combinations of k and ln C are shown to occur very infrequently. The prediction of such "empty" regions of the parameter space remains a challenge for future development of life history theory.

Using r-K Selection Theory to Predict Natural Mortality

1980 ◽  
Vol 37 (12) ◽  
pp. 2266-2271 ◽  
Author(s):  
Donald R. Gunderson
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Life History ◽  
Growth Parameters ◽  
Stepwise Multiple Regression ◽  
Natural Mortality ◽  
Instantaneous Rate ◽  
Life History Parameters ◽  
Selection Theory ◽  
Weight Index ◽  
Body Weight Index

Theory on r-K selection is used as a basis for examining correlations between instantaneous rate of natural mortality (M), gonad-body weight index, age at maturity, longevity, and Bertalanffy growth parameters (k, L∞) for 10 species of marine fish. All correlations were consistent with r-K selection theory. The gonad-body weight index was found to be more highly correlated with M than any of the other life history parameters examined (r2 = 0.62), and stepwise multiple regression showed that additional variables added little to the predictive ability of the model. The gonad-body weight index appears to be quite useful in predicting M, and development of an analogous index on an energetics basis might enhance its utility in this regard.Key words: natural mortality, r-K selection, life history parameters

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