Influence of the Inclusion of Chestnut (Castanea sativa Miller) in the Finishing Diet and Cooking Technique on the Physicochemical Parameters and Volatile Profile of Biceps femoris Muscle

The aim of this study was to evaluate the influence of the diet (chestnut vs. commercial feed) and cooking techniques (roasting, grilling, frying and microwaving) on the quality of the Biceps femoris muscle of the Celta pig breed. Chemical composition, physicochemical parameters, oxidative stability and volatile profile were analysed. Overall, the inclusion of chestnuts did not affect the chemical composition, except for intramuscular fat content, which was higher in chestnut-fed pigs. The colour and shear force of cooked Biceps femoris were not affected by the finishing diet. However, a significant increase in cooking losses and thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS) value was found with the chestnuts included in the diet. In addition, the inclusion of chestnuts also modified some volatile compound that could be associated with the diet, such as furan, 2-pentyl. On the other hand, the cooking method significantly affected chemical composition (moisture, fat, protein and ash content), colour parameters, cooking loss, TBARS and volatile profile, whereas the shear force was not affected. Concretely, fried and microwave were the techniques that led to a greater presence of intramuscular fat. In addition, the frying method also showed the highest a* value, whereas the microwaved technique displayed the highest cooking loss. Regarding lipid oxidation, the fried method displayed the lower TBARS and hexanal content. On the other hand, the major volatile compounds were aldehydes in all cooking methods except for the frying technique in chestnut samples. Finally, method-frying displayed the lowest amount of total volatiles compounds, unlike grilling.

Download Full-text

Influence of Electrical Stimulation on Palatability of Hot-Boned, Pre-Rigor and Cold-Boned, Post-Rigor Frozen Beef Roasts1

Journal of Food Protection ◽

10.4315/0362-028x-45.2.164 ◽

1982 ◽

Vol 45 (2) ◽

pp. 164-168 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

C. L. GRIFFIN ◽

D. M. STIFFLER ◽

E. E. RAY ◽

B. W. BERRY

Keyword(s):

Electrical Stimulation ◽

Shear Force ◽

Biceps Femoris ◽

The Other ◽

Biceps Femoris Muscle ◽

Length Width ◽

Shape Changes ◽

Femoris Muscle ◽

Thin Samples

The effects of electrical stimulation on palatability of hot-boned, pre-rigor and cold-boned, post-rigor frozen beef roasts were studied by use of 16 steer carcasses. Both sides of 8 carcasses were electrically stimulated (1.5 amps; 100 - 1 s impulses); sides from the other 8 carcasses served as controls. One side of each carcass was hot-boned and the remaining side was boned following a 48 h chill (2 C). Roasts from the rump portion (anterior one-fourth) of the biceps femoris muscle were vacuum-packaged and frozen (−20 C). Following a 48-h thaw (0 C). roasts were weighed, measured for length, width and depth, seasoned, placed in cooking bags and roasted to 62.5 C. Cooking losses were less (P<0.06) for hot-boned, pre-rigor frozen vs. cold-boned, post-rigor frozen roasts. Raw pH (post-freezing) was lower (P<0.01) for hot-boned than cold-boned roasts. No differences (P>0.05) were noted in shape changes for stimulation or chilling. Using triangle tests, untrained panel members were able to distinguish controls from electrically stimulated roasts and hot-boned from cold-boned roasts when served as thick (1.27 cm) or thin (2 mm) samples. Thick and thin samples of cold-boned roasts were preferred over hot-boned roasts. For roasts from carcasses that were not electrically stimulated, 62.6% preferred cold-boned roasts for thick samples while 61.4% preferred cold-boned roasts for thin samples. Cold-boned roasts from electrically stimulated carcasses were preferred over hot-boned roasts, 56.5% (thick) vs. 51.5% (thin). Warner-Bratzler shear force results indicated that hot-boned, control roasts required 79% more shear force than cold-boned roasts, but roasts from electrically stimulated carcasses required 14% more force to shear hot-boned than cold-boned roasts.

Download Full-text

Physical principles demonstrate that the biceps femoris muscle relative to the other hamstring muscles exerts the most force: implications for hamstring muscle strain injuries

Muscles Ligaments and Tendons Journal ◽

10.11138/mltj/2014.4.3.371 ◽

2014 ◽

Author(s):

Bronwyn Dolman

Keyword(s):

Biceps Femoris ◽

The Other ◽

Hamstring Muscle ◽

Muscle Strain ◽

Biceps Femoris Muscle ◽

Hamstring Muscles ◽

Physical Principles ◽

Femoris Muscle

Download Full-text

Reproducibility and correlation between meat shear force measurements by Warner-Bratzler machine and a texturometer

International Journal of Food Studies ◽

10.7455/ijfs.v5i2.348 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 5 (2) ◽

Author(s):

Lucas Arantes-Pereira ◽

Flávia C. Vargas ◽

Júlio C.C. Balieiro ◽

Ana Monica Q.B. Bittante ◽

Paulo J.A. Sobral

Keyword(s):

Meat Quality ◽

Proximate Composition ◽

Shear Force ◽

Biceps Femoris ◽

Cooking Loss ◽

Force Measurements ◽

Regression Curves ◽

Sensory Characteristic ◽

Psoas Major ◽

Tensor Fasciae Latae

Tenderness has a prominent position on meat quality and is considered to be the sensory characteristic that most influences meat acceptance. Therefore, the aim of this study was to evaluate the accuracy and determine correlations among three different meat shear force techniques. Commercial samples of bovine Longissimus thoracis et lumborum (BLTL), Tensor fasciae latae (BTFL), Semitendinosus (BST), Psoas major (BPM), Biceps femoris (BBF) and swine Longissimus thoracis et lumborum (PLTL) were analyzed for pH, proximate composition, cooking loss and shear force with a classical Warner-Bratzler device and a TA-XT2 Texturometer equipped with shear blades 1 and 3 mm thick. The effect of different techniques in each studied muscle was statistically analyzed and regression curves were built. Results from the 1 mm blade were quite similar to the ones obtained with the Warner-Bratzler, however the results from 3 mm blade were overestimated (p<0.05). Significant correlation (p<0.01) among shear force technique using Warner-Bratzler and the ones using the Texturometer was observed (0.47 for 1 mm blade and 0.57 for the 3 mm blade). In conclusion, we found that the 1 mm blade and the Warner-Bratzler machine are reproducible for all tested muscles, while the 3 mm blade is not reproducible for the BTFL, BST, BPM, BBF, PLTL. There is a significant correlation between the results obtained by the classical Warner-Bratzler and the TA-XT2 Texturometer equipped with both blades. Therefore, TA-XT2 Texturometer equipped with the 1mm blade can perfectly replace the traditional Warner-Bratzler device.

Download Full-text

NEUROMUSCULAR CHARACTERISTIC OF BICEPS FEMORIS MUSCLE IN THE TOP SERBIAN SOCCER PLAYERS MEASURED BY TENSIOMYOGRAPHY METHOD: QUANTITATIVE MODEL

Facta Universitatis Series Physical Education and Sport ◽

10.22190/fupes190530018f ◽

2019 ◽

pp. 167

Author(s):

Miloslav Fabok ◽

Bojan Leontijević ◽

Lazar Tomić ◽

Milivoj Dopsaj

Keyword(s):

Body Height ◽

Biceps Femoris ◽

Football Player ◽

Quantitative Model ◽

The Body ◽

Locomotor System ◽

Biceps Femoris Muscle ◽

Significant Difference ◽

Transition Training ◽

Femoris Muscle

The main aim of this study was to define the quantitative neuromuscular characteristics of Biceps Femoris muscle (BF) as the knee joint flexor, i.e. the major synergist of caudal body in all specific movement tasks of a football player, measured by tensiomyography (TMG) method . The secondary aim of the study was to compare all TMG-BF characteristics in relation to bilateral dimorphism, as well as to compare dominant and non-dominant legs. The research was conducted on a sample which included 54 professional players of age 23.0 ± 4.4 years; body height: 182.6 ± 15.1 cm; body mass: 81.2 ± 15.1 kg; BMI: 23.3 ± 1.2 kg/cm2. TMG variables were measured on the muscles during a transition training phase (mid-season and end of the season). The results have shown that the average Tc - 32.19 ± 7.64 and 33.21 ± 8.88 ms, Td - 25.56 ± 3.58 and 25.44 ± 3.20 ms, and Dm - 7.39 ± 1.87 and 7.52 ± 2.50 mm, for dominant and non-dominant leg, respectively. The results have indicated that there was no statistically significant difference between the examined TMG variables of dominant and non-dominant leg (Wilks' lambda Value = 0.979, F=0.300, p=0.952, Part. Ƞ2 = 0.021). It may be stated that there are no differences in the manifestation of neuromuscular characteristics in healthy elite football players regardless of their dominant leg. A high level of preparedness in football in addition to a completely healthy status of the body and locomotor system result in a complete neuromuscular contractile symmetry BF of both legs.

Download Full-text

Comparison of physical and qualitative traits of meat of two Polish conservative flocks of ducks

Archives Animal Breeding ◽

10.5194/aab-47-367-2004 ◽

2004 ◽

Vol 47 (4) ◽

pp. 367-375 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

T. Kisiel ◽

J. M. Książkiewicz

Keyword(s):

Subcutaneous Fat ◽

Biceps Femoris ◽

Point Of View ◽

Muscle Fibres ◽

Mean Values ◽

Qualitative Traits ◽

Biceps Femoris Muscle ◽

Leg Muscles ◽

L Value ◽

Femoris Muscle

Abstract. In two Polish conservative flocks of Miniduck (K2) and Pekin (P33), registered by FAO as domestic genetic resources (World Watch List, 2000) the mean values of physical (tissue components) and qualitative traits of meat (pH15, pH24, colour of meat) were determined. The experimental flocks showed significant variations in body weight at 7 weeks of age (1540 vs 2088 in drakes and 1395 vs 1986 g in ducks), in the proportion of breast and leg muscles and skin with subcutaneous fat in eviscerated carcass. K2 ducks are characterized by outstanding musculature of breast and P33 ducks by that of lower leg and by low fatness. pH15 values of breast and leg muscles in K2 and P33 birds were greater than pH24 of these muscles. In both flocks pH15 values of 6.09 to 6.33 and pH24 values of 5.90 to 6.05 in breast muscles were lower than in leg muscles (6.33 to 6.46 and 6.12 to 6.37, respectively). A significantly lower L* value (darker colour) of breast muscle was characteristic of K2 birds (43.7 in males and 40.5 in females) compared to P33 males and females. Furthermore, breast muscles of K2 drakes and ducks had significantly higher redness (a*) and yellowness values (b*) than P33. In pectoralis superficialis muscle of K2 and P33 females, a significantly lower diameter was found for white muscle fibres (αW) (30.0 to 30.5 μm) and for red muscle fibres (βR) (16.9 to 17.6 μm) than in biceps femoris muscle (αW from 48.3 to 54.2; βR from 36.0 to 37.1 μm). Muscle fibres of K2 compared to P33 ducks were characterized by significantly greater diameters of βR muscle fibre in pectoralis superficialis muscle, and by lower αW and βR fibre diameters in biceps femoris muscle. The experiment showed that meat of ducks from the conservative flocks studied is valuable from the consumer’s point of view.

Download Full-text

Histochemical and mechanomyographical evaluation of the adaptive potential of human biceps femoris muscle

Innovations and Advanced Techniques in Computer and Information Sciences and Engineering ◽

10.1007/978-1-4020-6268-1_71 ◽

2007 ◽

pp. 397-401

Author(s):

Raja Dahmane

Keyword(s):

Biceps Femoris ◽

Adaptive Potential ◽

Biceps Femoris Muscle ◽

Femoris Muscle

Download Full-text

Timing of Rectus Femoris and Biceps Femoris Muscle Activities in Both Legs at Maximal Running Speed

Medicine & Science in Sports & Exercise ◽

10.1249/mss.0000000000002497 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol Publish Ahead of Print ◽

Author(s):

Gaku Kakehata ◽

Yuta Goto ◽

Shigeo Iso ◽

Kazuyuki Kanosue

Keyword(s):

Rectus Femoris ◽

Biceps Femoris ◽

Running Speed ◽

Biceps Femoris Muscle ◽

Femoris Muscle

Download Full-text

A C-fiber reflex modulated by heterotopic noxious somatic stimuli in the rat

Journal of Neurophysiology ◽

10.1152/jn.1994.72.1.194 ◽

1994 ◽

Vol 72 (1) ◽

pp. 194-213 ◽

Cited By ~ 57

Author(s):

S. Falinower ◽

J. C. Willer ◽

J. L. Junien ◽

D. Le Bars

Keyword(s):

Sural Nerve ◽

Biceps Femoris ◽

Reflex Response ◽

Late Component ◽

Biceps Femoris Muscle ◽

Reflex Responses ◽

C Fibers ◽

Two Component ◽

C Fiber ◽

Femoris Muscle

1. Electromyographic recordings were made from the biceps femoris muscle through a pair of noninsulated platinum/iridium needle electrodes in male Sprague-Dawley rats artificially ventilated and anesthetized with 0.8% halothane in a N2O-O2 mixture (2/3:1/3). The animals' ventilation, heart rates, and body temperatures were continuously monitored. Electrical stimuli (2-ms duration, 0.16 Hz) were delivered to the sural nerve territory through a pair of noninsulated platinum/iridium needle electrode inserted subcutaneously in the medial aspect of the 4th and the lateral part of the 5th toe. Such stimulation elicited a two-component reflex response in the ipsilateral biceps femoris muscle: The first had a short latency (17.5 +/- 2.3 ms), short duration (20.7 +/- 2.6 ms), and low threshold (1.5 +/- 0.6 mA), whereas the second had a longer latency (162.4 +/- 5.1 ms), longer duration (202.3 +/- 6.2 ms), and higher threshold (5.7 +/- 0.5 mA). 2. Lidocaine (0.02–0.1%; 0.1 ml), but not saline, injected subcutaneously over the proximal part of the sural nerve, produced a selective depression of the late component of the reflex response, whereas the first component remained unchanged. The conduction velocity of the afferent fibers was estimated from the stimulation needles in the sural nerve territory to the nerve's projection in the lumbar spinal cord: it was concluded that the second, late component of the reflex response was due to afferent signals transmitted via unmyelinated C-fibers, whereas the first component was related to activation of fine myelinated fibers (A delta group). 3. Electrical stimulation of the sural nerve was still able to elicit the two-component reflex responses in the ipsilateral biceps femoris muscle of chronic spinal rats, indicating that these responses were genuine reflex responses, transmitted completely through a spinal circuit. 4. The C-fiber reflex was recorded when the duration and frequency of the stimuli applied to the sural nerve varied within the 0.5- to 4-ms and 0.02- to 1-Hz ranges, respectively. It was concluded that a single 2-ms duration shock at an intensity of 1.2 times the C-fiber reflex threshold, delivered every 6 s (0.16 Hz), constituted an acceptable and optimal protocol for experiments in which the C-fiber reflex was studied as a function of time. These parameters were used throughout the subsequent experiments.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS)

Download Full-text