scholarly journals Drought-Induced Regulatory Cascades and Their Effects on the Nutritional Quality of Developing Potato Tubers

Genes ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (8) ◽  
pp. 864
Author(s):  
Letitia Da Ros ◽  
Raed Elferjani ◽  
Raju Soolanayakanahally ◽  
Sateesh Kagale ◽  
Shankar Pahari ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Crop Production ◽  
Storage Proteins ◽  
Solanum Tuberosum L ◽  
Potato Crop ◽  
Canopy Temperature ◽  
Carotenoid Biosynthesis ◽  
Phenylpropanoid Pathway ◽  
Potato Tubers ◽  
Drought Treatment ◽  
Regulatory Cascades

Competition for scarce water resources and the continued effects of global warming exacerbate current constraints on potato crop production. While plants’ response to drought in above-ground tissues has been well documented, the regulatory cascades and subsequent nutritive changes in developing tubers have been largely unexplored. Using the commercial Canadian cultivar “Vigor”, plants were subjected to a gradual drought treatment under high tunnels causing a 4 °C increase in the canopy temperature. Tubers were sampled for RNAseq and metabolite analysis. Approximately 2600 genes and 3898 transcripts were differentially expressed by at least 4-fold in drought-stressed potato tubers, with 75% and 69% being down-regulated, respectively. A further 229 small RNAs were implicated in gene regulation during drought. Expression of several small RNA clusters negatively correlated with expression of their six target patatin genes, suggesting involvement in the regulation of storage proteins during drought. The comparison of protein homologues between Solanum tuberosum L. and Arabidopsis thaliana L. indicated that down-regulated genes were associated with phenylpropanoid and carotenoid biosynthesis. As is indicative of reduced flow through the phenylpropanoid pathway, phenylalanine accumulated in drought-stressed tubers. This suggests that there may be nutritive implications to drought stress occurring during the potato tuber bulking phase in sensitive cultivars.

scholarly journals Drought-induced Regulatory Cascades and Their Effects on the Nutritional Quality of Developing Potato Tubers

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Letitia Da Ros ◽  
Raed Elferjani ◽  
Raju Soolanayakanahally ◽  
Sateesh Kagale ◽  
Shankar Pahari ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Crop Production ◽  
Solanum Tuberosum L ◽  
Canopy Temperature ◽  
Potato Tubers ◽  
Drought Treatment ◽  
High Tunnels ◽  
Tuber Bulking ◽  
Regulatory Cascades ◽  
Scarce Water

Potato is among one of the most important food crops, yet maintaining plant productivity in this drought-sensitive crop has become a challenge. Competition for scarce water resources and the continued effects of global warming exacerbate current constraints on crop production. While plants’ response to drought in above-ground tissues has been well documented, the regulatory cascades in developing tubers have been largely unexplored. Using the commercial Canadian cultivar ‘Vigor’, plants were subjected to a drought treatment under high-tunnels causing a 4 ℃ increase in canopy temperature when compared to the well-watered control. Tubers were sampled for RNAseq and metabolite analysis. Approximately 2600 genes and 3898 transcripts were differentially expressed by at least four-fold in drought-stressed potato tubers, with 75 % and 69 % being down-regulated respectively. A further 229 small RNAs were implicated in gene regulation during drought. The comparison of protein homologues between Solanum tuberosum L. and Arabidopsis thaliana L. indicates that downregulated genes are associated with phenylpropanoid, carotenoid, and patatin biosynthesis. This suggests that there may be nutritive implications to drought stress occurring during the potato tuber bulking phase in sensitive cultivars.

scholarly journals Agronomic and Environmental Aspects of Conservation Agriculture on Wheat Crop Production

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 161-166
Author(s):  
A. Bista ◽  
T.N. Joshi ◽  
K. Biswokarma ◽  
S. Yadav
Keyword(s):  
Crop Production ◽  
Solanum Tuberosum L ◽  
Sugar Content ◽  
Hollow Heart ◽  
Quality Parameters ◽  
Wheat Crop ◽  
Optimum Dose ◽  
Potato Tubers ◽  
Tuber Production ◽  
Potassium Application

Potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) is one of the major vegetable crops of Nepal. Potato is grown all over the globe and consumed as either vegetable or staple food depending upon the crop production scenario. It is also an integral part of human diet. Potato is a high nutrient mining crop and needs higher fertilization for economic tuber production. Despite sufficient application of Nitrogen (N) and Phosphorus (P2O5), low replenishment and widespread potassium deficiency are limiting the potato production in Nepalese condition. Growth parameters such as plant height, leaf area and chlorophyll% was positively correlated with potassium application. Potassium alleviated stresses of frost and drought and reduced incidence of diseases like late blight, black scurf and hollow heart. Potassium also decreased the reducing sugar content and improved chips color and quality. Similarly, potassium application before harvest was found to increase storage life of potato tubers. Furthermore, potassium application significantly increased the yield of potato tubers and quality parameters such as Vitamin C content and specific gravity. Source of potassium and method of potassium application also affected growth, yield and quality parameters. Soil application of potassium in splits coupled with foliar spay was found to perform better.  Optimum dose of potassium was recommended for economic tuber production Int. J. Appl. Sci. Biotechnol. Vol 7(2): 161-166  

scholarly journals La Investigación en el cultivo de papa en la Universidad Pedagógica y Tecnológica de Colombia

Respuestas ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 22 (2) ◽  
pp. 102
Author(s):  
Lizeth Johana Sierra-Ariza ◽  
Katherin Dayana Suarez-Roberto ◽  
Jorge Enrique Villamil-Carvajal ◽  
Álvaro Enrique Alvarado-Gaona
Keyword(s):  
Plant Physiology ◽  
Solanum Tuberosum ◽  
Phytophthora Infestans ◽  
Crop Production ◽  
Soil Acidity ◽  
Solanum Tuberosum L ◽  
Potato Crop ◽  
Academic Program ◽  
Andean Potato ◽  
Potato Growth

ResumenAntecedentes: La papa (Solanum tuberosum L. grupo Andigena y Phureja) es un tubérculo de vital importancia en Colombia y en especial en el departamento de Boyacá. En la Universidad Pedagógica y Tecnológica de Colombia (UPTC) se cuenta con más de mil trabajos de grado, realizados en los 55 años de trayectoria del programa académico de Ingeniería Agronómica, entre los cuales 130 corresponden a investigaciones relacionadas con este cultivo. Objetivo: se recopiló información de dichos trabajos de grado desarrollados en este período y se analizaron 5 áreas de investigación: entomología, nutrición, fisiología vegetal, fitopatología y economía, en 3 lapsos de tiempo de 10 años cada uno y un último de 12 años. Resultados: En entomología se adelantaron 42 trabajos de grado (32,3%), siendo los de gusano blanco (Premnotrypes vorax Hustache) los más representativos. En el área de nutrición con 35 trabajos de grado (26,9%), se resaltaron los temas sobre correctivos de acidez y nutrición con elementos mayores N-P-K, haciendo énfasis en la evaluación del uso del fósforo. En fisiología vegetal se documentaron 20 trabajos de grado (15,4%), dentro de los cuales, se destacaron los temas sobre estadios fenológicos, crecimiento y desarrollo del cultivo de papa. En economía con 18 trabajos de grado (13,8%), fue más importante la evaluación económica y respuesta agronómica en fertilización, y finalmente en fitopatología con 15 trabajos de grado (11,5%), el tizón tardío (Phytophthora infestans) correspondió al patógeno más estudiado. Conclusión: Esta revisión brinda información a estudiantes, profesionales e instituciones involucradas con el sector papero colombiano y departamental, para la orientación y enfoque de futuros trabajos de investigación.Palabras clave: economía, entomología, nutrición, fisiología vegetal, fitopatología.AbstractBackground: Potato (Solanum tuberosum L. Andigena y Phureja groups) is a very important tuber in Colombia, mainly in the Boyacá department. At the Universidad Pedagógica y Tecnológica de Colombia (UPTC) students had developed over one thousand thesis, along 55 years of the agronomic engineer academic program, 130 of those related with potato crop. Objective: Information provided by those thesis during that period was taken together, and five research lines were analyzed: entomology, fertilization, plant physiology, phytopathology and economy in three timeframes of ten years and a last one of twelve years. Results: In the entomology area 42 studies were performed (32.3%), being Andean potato weevil (Premnotrypes vorax Hustache) the most representative. In the nutrition area with 35 studies (26.9%), the topics on soil acidity management were highlighted and plant nutrition with N-P-K elements, emphasizing in phosphorous use. In plant physiology 20 studies (15.4%) were documented, among which, phenology and potato growth and development were the most relevant. In the economic area with 18 studies (13.8%), the most important topic was economic evaluation and agronomic response to fertilization; and finally, in phytopathology with 15 studies (11.5%), late blight (Phytophthora infestans) was the most studied pathogen. Conclusion: This review brings information to students, professionals and institutions involved in potato crop production in Colombia and Boyacá, giving guidelines and focus for future potato research.Key words: economy, entomology, nutrition, plant physiology, phytopathology.Resumo Antecedentes: A batata (Grupo Solanum tuberosum L. Andigena e Phureja) é um tubérculo de vital importância na Colômbia e especialmente no departamento de Boyacá. Na Universidade de Pedagogia e Universidade Tecnológica da Colômbia (UPTC) existem mais de mil estudos de graduação, realizados nos 55 anos do programa acadêmico de Engenharia Agrícola, dentre os quais 130 correspondem a pesquisas relacionadas a esta safra. Objetivo: compilamos informações sobre esses estudos de pós-graduação desenvolvidos neste período e analisamos 5 áreas de pesquisa: entomologia, nutrição, fisiologia vegetal, fitopatologia e economia, em 3 períodos de 10 anos cada e nos últimos 12 anos. Resultados: na entomologia, 42 estudos de graduação (32,3%) foram avançados, com o verme branco (Premnotrypes vorax Hustache) sendo o mais representativo. Na área de nutrição com empregos de 35 graus (26,9%), foram enfatizados os sujeitos sobre a acidez e corretivos nutricionais com elementos N-P-K mais altos, com ênfase na avaliação do uso de fósforo. Vinte estudos de pós-graduação (15,4%) foram documentados em fisiologia vegetal, com ênfase em estádios fenológicos, crescimento e desenvolvimento de cultivo de batata. 18 postos de trabalho no grau da economia (13,8%), avaliação económica e resposta à fertilização Agronômico era mais importante, e, finalmente, em Fitopatologia 15 obras de graduação (11,5%), requeima (Phytophthora infestans) correspondeu para o patógeno mais estudado. Conclusão: esta revisão fornece informações aos alunos, profissionais e instituições envolvidas com o setor de papelaria colombiano e departamental, para orientar e focar futuros trabalhos de pesquisa.Palavras-chave: economia, entomologia, nutrição, fisiologia vegetal, fitopatologia.

scholarly journals EFEKTIFITAS WAKTU PEMBERIAN DAN KONSENTRASI PACLOBUTRAZOL TERHADAP PERTUMBUHAN DAN HASIL KENTANG (Solanum tuberosum L.) VARIETAS SUPEJOHN

EUGENIA ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 21 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Frangki Sambeka ◽  
Semuel D. Runtunuwu ◽  
Johannes E.X. Rogi
Keyword(s):  
Crop Production ◽  
Solanum Tuberosum L ◽  
Potato Crop ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
Weight Class ◽  
Time Of Application ◽  
Randomized Block Design ◽  
Two Factors ◽  
Percentage Weight

ABSTRACT   The study aimed to examine the influence of time of application and concentration of paclobutrazol on growth and yield of potato crop Supejohn held in District Modoinding South Minahasa regency, from March to June 2012, using a randomized block design with two factors. The first factor is the concentration of Paclobutrazol with four standards are: 0 ppm, 75 ppm, 100 ppm, 125 ppm and the second factor is the provision of a three-level applications MST 4, 5 and 6 MST MST (Week After Planting). Based on research, the results of analysis of variance showed an interaction between application timing and concentration of paclobutrazol. Combination treatment with 125 ppm paclobutrazol 6 WAP application time can give significant effect on plant height, number of chlorophyll content, percentage weight class tuber yield components in the form of increased crop production amounted to 45.04 kg / plot (24 plants) / range 52. ton / ha by pressing the vegetative growth of plants. Key words : Supejohn, time application, concentration, paclobutrazol

scholarly journals Effect of the Soil Amendments on the Mechanical Harvest of Potato Crop Grown under Centre Pivot Irrigation System

2019 ◽  
pp. 129-149
Author(s):  
Dr. Ibrahim Naser ◽  
Emiliano Olbinado ◽  
Fahad Kasimie ◽  
James Baker
Keyword(s):  
Crop Production ◽  
Soil Structure ◽  
Irrigation System ◽  
Potato Crop ◽  
Soil Amendments ◽  
Moisture Loss ◽  
Cow Manure ◽  
Potato Tubers ◽  
Average Yield ◽  
Final Yield

A field trial was conducted at TADCO to evaluate the mechanical harvest of autumn potato crop under different soil amendments: sand, gypsum, cow manure, and granular sulfur. The application of the sand amendment to the soil of the pivot showed easier mechanical and semi-mechanical harvest. The potato yield under the mechanical harvest was less than semi-mechanical harvest by 15.48% at the different soil amendments. More bruises were observed on the potato tubers harvested by mechanical harvest which ranged 9.34-16.33%, while bruises at semi-mechanical harvest ranged 4.28-4.75%. The final yield of stored potato was less than harvested yield by 10.68, 7.78%, 14.85, 11.08 for the sand, gypsum, cow manure, and sulfur amendments respectively. The stored yield of the different treatments was significantly less than the yield of the test harvest by around 24.03-32.24% at J34 and by 29.64 -56.27% at F18 and this was due to harvest method, cleaning out the damaged potato and moisture loss. The results of this trial highlighted the importance of selecting pivots for growing potato to be with less clay and more sand; also, it highlighted the importance of leaving the wheat straw to decompose in the soil instead of burning to improve the soil structure to be suitable for mechanical harvest. The sand amendment was not suitable for TADCO crop production as it is difficult to apply, need more time to execute besides less productivity. Due to one-month delay in planting potato, the average yield of stored potato from the trial pivots reached 20.2 M.T. /Ha which is significantly less than the yield of stored potato from the other pivots at TADCO of the same season with a range of 27-43 M.T. /Ha.

scholarly journals Potassium Fertilization in Potato

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 153-160 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bishal Bista ◽  
Devashish Bhandari
Keyword(s):  
Crop Production ◽  
Growth Parameters ◽  
Solanum Tuberosum L ◽  
Sugar Content ◽  
Hollow Heart ◽  
Quality Parameters ◽  
Optimum Dose ◽  
Potato Tubers ◽  
Tuber Production ◽  
Potassium Application

Potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) is one of the major vegetable crops of Nepal. Potato is grown all over the globe and consumed as either vegetable or staple food depending upon the crop production scenario. It is also an integral part of human diet. Potato is a high nutrient mining crop and needs higher fertilization for economic tuber production. Despite sufficient application of Nitrogen (N) and Phosphorus (P2O5), low replenishment and widespread potassium deficiency are limiting the potato production in Nepalese condition. Growth parameters such as plant height, leaf area and chlorophyll% was positively correlated with potassium application. Potassium alleviated stresses of frost and drought and reduced incidence of diseases like late blight, black scurf and hollow heart. Potassium also decreased the reducing sugar content and improved chips color and quality. Similarly, potassium application before harvest was found to increase storage life of potato tubers. Furthermore, potassium application significantly increased the yield of potato tubers and quality parameters such as Vitamin C content and specific gravity. Source of potassium and method of potassium application also affected growth, yield and quality parameters. Soil application of potassium in splits coupled with foliar spay was found to perform better.  Optimum dose of potassium was recommended for economic tuber production. Int. J. Appl. Sci. Biotechnol. Vol 7(2): 153-160

Polyacrylamid-Elektrophorese zur Beurteilung von Proteinen der Kartoffel (Solanum tuberosum L.)

1966 ◽  
Vol 21 (9) ◽  
pp. 879-888 ◽  
Author(s):  
Volkmar Loeschcke ◽  
Hermann Stegemann
Keyword(s):  
Ascorbic Acid ◽  
Solanum Tuberosum ◽  
Pore Size ◽  
Plant Material ◽  
Solanum Tuberosum L ◽  
Protein Pattern ◽  
Potato Tubers ◽  
Active Inhibitor ◽  
Electrophoretic Behavior ◽  
Acidic Proteins

Up to 25 proteins have been found in the sap of potato tubers by polyacrylamid electrophoresis. The mode of preparation and concentration of the plant material was investigated as well as the pretreatment of the polyacrylamid gel to avoid undue retardation of the migrating bands.Sulfite was the most active inhibitor of sap-browning compared with ascorbic acid and cysteine. which did not influence the protein pattern except for one line. The juice had to be dialyzed or filtered through Sephadex G 25 to remove an unkown acidic material which interferes with the more acidic proteins and causes spreading and diffusing of bands. Proteins were concentrated by means of Carbowax MW 20000. For best results ionic contaminations inherent in the gels was removed by electrophoresis before applying the proteins or dyes. Very few proteins were affected by decreasing the pore size of the gel. Ammonium sulfate (40% saturation) precipitated mainly those proteins which are similar in electrophoretic behavior to the albumin- and transferrinregion of human plasma.

scholarly journals Characterization of Streptomyces scabies isolates from potato tubers its pathogenic variations in Rawalpindi District

2014 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-6
Author(s):  
S. Shazia ◽  
F. Naz ◽  
A. Rauf ◽  
M. Inam-ul-Haq ◽  
S. Bushra
Keyword(s):  
Solanum Tuberosum L ◽  
Economic Loss ◽  
Streptomyces Scabies ◽  
Potato Tubers ◽  
Yield And Quality ◽  
Isolation And Characterization ◽  
Pathogenic Variation ◽  
Important Disease

Potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) has various biotic constraints in its production due to pest attack. Among these, common scab caused by streptomyces scabies is an important disease in potato which causes economic loss with respect to plant yield and quality of tubers. The present study was conducted to determine the pathogenicity, pathogenic variation, characterization of morphological, physiological and biochemical aspects of Streptomyces associated with potato tubers grown in Rawalpindi district. Severity data and pathogenic variation of disease was studied by using different isolation and characterization techniques.

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