scholarly journals Obstetric Complications and Polygenic Risk Score: Which Role in Predicting a Severe Short-Term Outcome in Psychosis?

Genes ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (12) ◽  
pp. 1895
Author(s):  
Sarah Tosato ◽  
Chiara Bonetto ◽  
Evangelos Vassos ◽  
Antonio Lasalvia ◽  
Katia De Santi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Score ◽  
Prognostic Indicator ◽  
Obstetric Complications ◽  
First Episode ◽  
Polygenic Risk Score ◽  
Environment Interaction ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Term Outcome ◽  
Course Of Illness ◽  
Polygenic Risk

Understanding and improving the outcomes of psychosis remains a major challenge for clinical research. Obstetric complications (OCs) as a risk factor for schizophrenia (SZ) have been investigated as a potential predictor of outcomes in relation to illness severity and poorer treatment outcome, but there are less reports on first episode psychosis (FEP) patients. We test whether OCs, collected in a cohort of FEP patients, can predict illness course and psychopathology severity after 2 years from the onset. Moreover, we explore whether the SZ-polygenic risk score (PRS) would predict the illness course and whether the interaction between OCS and PRS shows a significant effect. A cohort of 264 FEP patients were assessed with standardized instruments. OCs were recorded using the Lewis–Murray scale in interviews with the patients’ mothers: 30% of them reported at least one OC. Patients with at least one OC were more likely to have a non-remitting course of illness compared to those without OCs (35.3% vs. 16.3%, p = 0.014). No association between SZ-PRS and course of illness nor evidence for a gene–environment interaction was found. In our sample, poor short-term outcomes were associated with OCs, while SZ-PRS was not a prognostic indicator of poor outcomes.

POLYGENIC RISK SCORE ANALYSES OF SYMPTOMS AND TREATMENT RESPONSE IN A FIRST EPISODE SCHIZOPHRENIA COHORT

2019 ◽  
Vol 29 ◽  
pp. S869
Author(s):  
Marcos Santoro ◽  
Vanessa Ota ◽  
Simone de Jong ◽  
Cristiano Noto ◽  
Fernanda Talarico ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Treatment Response ◽  
Risk Score ◽  
First Episode ◽  
Polygenic Risk Score ◽  
Polygenic Risk ◽  
First Episode Schizophrenia

Correlations between immune and metabolic serum markers and schizophrenia/bipolar disorder polygenic risk score in first‐episode psychosis

2019 ◽  
Vol 14 (4) ◽  
pp. 507-511 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carlo Maj ◽  
Sarah Tosato ◽  
Roberta Zanardini ◽  
Antonio Lasalvia ◽  
Angela Favaro ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bipolar Disorder ◽  
Risk Score ◽  
First Episode Psychosis ◽  
Serum Markers ◽  
First Episode ◽  
Polygenic Risk Score ◽  
Polygenic Risk ◽  
Episode Psychosis

scholarly journals Schizophrenia Polygenic Risk Score as a Predictor of Antipsychotic Efficacy in First-Episode Psychosis

2019 ◽  
Vol 176 (1) ◽  
pp. 21-28 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jian-Ping Zhang ◽  
Delbert Robinson ◽  
Jin Yu ◽  
Juan Gallego ◽  
W. Wolfgang Fleischhacker ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Score ◽  
First Episode Psychosis ◽  
First Episode ◽  
Polygenic Risk Score ◽  
Polygenic Risk ◽  
Antipsychotic Efficacy ◽  
Episode Psychosis

scholarly journals The continuity of effect of schizophrenia polygenic risk score and patterns of cannabis use on transdiagnostic symptom dimensions at first-episode psychosis: findings from the EU-GEI study

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Diego Quattrone ◽  
Ulrich Reininghaus ◽  
Alex L. Richards ◽  
Giada Tripoli ◽  
Laura Ferraro ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Score ◽  
First Episode Psychosis ◽  
Cannabis Use ◽  
Psychotic Symptoms ◽  
First Episode ◽  
Polygenic Risk Score ◽  
Symptom Dimensions ◽  
Polygenic Risk ◽  
Episode Psychosis ◽  
The Eu

AbstractDiagnostic categories do not completely reflect the heterogeneous expression of psychosis. Using data from the EU-GEI study, we evaluated the impact of schizophrenia polygenic risk score (SZ-PRS) and patterns of cannabis use on the transdiagnostic expression of psychosis. We analysed first-episode psychosis patients (FEP) and controls, generating transdiagnostic dimensions of psychotic symptoms and experiences using item response bi-factor modelling. Linear regression was used to test the associations between these dimensions and SZ-PRS, as well as the combined effect of SZ-PRS and cannabis use on the dimensions of positive psychotic symptoms and experiences. We found associations between SZ-PRS and (1) both negative (B = 0.18; 95%CI 0.03–0.33) and positive (B = 0.19; 95%CI 0.03–0.35) symptom dimensions in 617 FEP patients, regardless of their categorical diagnosis; and (2) all the psychotic experience dimensions in 979 controls. We did not observe associations between SZ-PRS and the general and affective dimensions in FEP. Daily and current cannabis use were associated with the positive dimensions in FEP (B = 0.31; 95%CI 0.11–0.52) and in controls (B = 0.26; 95%CI 0.06–0.46), over and above SZ-PRS. We provide evidence that genetic liability to schizophrenia and cannabis use map onto transdiagnostic symptom dimensions, supporting the validity and utility of the dimensional representation of psychosis. In our sample, genetic liability to schizophrenia correlated with more severe psychosis presentation, and cannabis use conferred risk to positive symptomatology beyond the genetic risk. Our findings support the hypothesis that psychotic experiences in the general population have similar genetic substrates as clinical disorders.

scholarly journals Non-linear interaction between physical activity and polygenic risk score of body mass index in Danish and Russian populations

PLoS ONE ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (10) ◽  
pp. e0258748
Author(s):  
Dmitrii Borisevich ◽  
Theresia M. Schnurr ◽  
Line Engelbrechtsen ◽  
Alexander Rakitko ◽  
Lars Ängquist ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Environmental Factors ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Risk Score ◽  
Polygenic Risk Score ◽  
Environment Interaction ◽  
Linear Interaction ◽  
Polygenic Risk ◽  
Non Linear

Body mass index (BMI) is a highly heritable polygenic trait. It is also affected by various environmental and behavioral risk factors. We used a BMI polygenic risk score (PRS) to study the interplay between the genetic and environmental factors defining BMI. First, we generated a BMI PRS that explained more variance than a BMI genetic risk score (GRS), which was using only genome-wide significant BMI-associated variants (R2 = 13.1% compared to 6.1%). Second, we analyzed interactions between BMI PRS and seven environmental factors. We found a significant interaction between physical activity and BMI PRS, even when the well-known effect of the FTO region was excluded from the PRS, using a small dataset of 6,179 samples. Third, we stratified the study population into two risk groups using BMI PRS. The top 22% of the studied populations were included in a high PRS risk group. Engagement in self-reported physical activity was associated with a 1.66 kg/m2 decrease in BMI in this group, compared to a 0.84 kg/m2 decrease in BMI in the rest of the population. Our results (i) confirm that genetic background strongly affects adult BMI in the general population, (ii) show a non-linear interaction between BMI genetics and physical activity, and (iii) provide a standardized framework for future gene-environment interaction analyses.

scholarly journals Polygenic Risk Score associated with specific symptom dimensions in first-episode psychosis

2017 ◽  
Vol 184 ◽  
pp. 116-121 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sarojini M. Sengupta ◽  
Kathleen MacDonald ◽  
Ferid Fathalli ◽  
Anita Yim ◽  
Martin Lepage ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Score ◽  
First Episode Psychosis ◽  
First Episode ◽  
Polygenic Risk Score ◽  
Specific Symptom ◽  
Symptom Dimensions ◽  
Polygenic Risk ◽  
Episode Psychosis

scholarly journals Schizophrenia polygenic risk score and 20-year course of illness in psychotic disorders

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Katherine G. Jonas ◽  
Todd Lencz ◽  
Kaiqiao Li ◽  
Anil K. Malhotra ◽  
Greg Perlman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Score ◽  
Negative Symptoms ◽  
Psychotic Disorders ◽  
Illness Severity ◽  
Polygenic Risk Score ◽  
Course Of Illness ◽  
Polygenic Risk ◽  
County Mental Health ◽  
Health Project ◽  
First Admission

AbstractUnderstanding whether and how the schizophrenia polygenic risk score (SZ PRS) predicts course of illness could improve diagnosis and prognostication in psychotic disorders. We tested whether the SZ PRS predicts symptoms, cognition, illness severity, and diagnostic changes over the 20 years following first admission. The Suffolk County Mental Health Project is an inception cohort study of first-admission patients with psychosis. Patients were assessed six times over 20 years, and 249 provided DNA. Geographically- and demographically-matched never psychotic adults were recruited at year 20, and 205 provided DNA. Symptoms were rated using the Schedule for the Assessment of Positive Symptoms and Schedule for the Assessment of Negative Symptoms. Cognition was evaluated with a comprehensive neuropsychological battery. Illness severity and diagnosis were determined by consensus of study psychiatrists. SZ PRS was significantly higher in first-admission than never psychotic groups. Within the psychosis cohort, the SZ PRS predicted more severe negative symptoms (β = 0.21), greater illness severity (β = 0.28), and worse cognition (β = −0.35), across the follow-up. The SZ PRS was the strongest predictor of diagnostic shifts from affective to non-affective psychosis over the 20 years (AUC = 0.62). The SZ PRS predicts persistent differences in cognition and negative symptoms. The SZ PRS also predicts who among those who appear to have a mood disorder with psychosis at first admission will ultimately be diagnosed with a schizophrenia spectrum disorder. These findings show potential for the SZ PRS to become a tool for diagnosis and treatment planning.

scholarly journals S125. THE ROLE OF DUP, DUI AND POLYGENIC SCORE FOR SCHIZOPHRENIA ON COGNITION IN ATHENS FEP STUDY SAMPLE

2020 ◽  
Vol 46 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. S82-S83
Author(s):  
Stefanos Dimitrakopoulos ◽  
Alex Hatzimanolis ◽  
Pentagiotissa Stefanatou ◽  
Lida-Alkisti Xenaki ◽  
Nikos Stefanis
Keyword(s):  
Risk Score ◽  
Cognitive Deficit ◽  
Assessment Tool ◽  
First Episode Psychosis ◽  
First Episode ◽  
P Value ◽  
Polygenic Risk Score ◽  
Inform Consent ◽  
Polygenic Risk ◽  
Episode Psychosis

Abstract Background It remains unclear which biological mechanisms affect neurocognition in first episode psychosis (FEP) patients. There is minimal evidence from current literature suggesting an association between duration of untreated psychosis (DUP) or duration of untreated illness (DUI) and cognitive decline in FEP patients. It is still controversial whether genetic factors, such as polygenic risk score for schizophrenia, determine observed cognitive deficits. The study of interplay between DUP, DUI and genetic risk factors might be important to understand underlying pathways. Methods Ninety FEP patients where recruited during Athens First-Episode Psychosis Research study between 2015–2018. All participants provided inform consent. DUP for each patient was defined by NOS-DUP (Nottingham onset schedule: modified DUP version) assessment tool and DUI was determined using the symptom onset in schizophrenia (SOS) inventory. DNA was collected in order to create polygenic risk score (PGC) for schizophrenia for each individual using SNPs selected according to the significance of their association with the phenotype at nominal p-value thresholds of 0,05. WAIS-IV total score and subscales, i.e. Verbal Comprehension (VC), Perceptual Reasoning (PR), Working Memory (WM), Processing Speed (PS) and moreover index differences between these 4 subscales were applied as a measure of cognitive deficit. Results Generalized linear model analysis, after adjustment for years of education and gender, found no significant main effect of DUP, DUI or PGC on any cognitive subscale. Furthermore, conducting an exploratory analysis for possible interactions between DUP/DUI and PGC (n=90), we found statistically significant findings of DUP x PGC (F=8,175, p=,005) and DUI x PGC (F=5,592, p=,021) for the cognitive variable of VC/WM difference. The interplay between DUP and PCG and DUI and PGC was associated with observed differences between VM and WM in our FEP sample. Discussion Our preliminary results are consistent with recent literature suggesting that neurocognition is not determined by DUP, DUI or PGC for schizophrenia. Novel approach based on WAIS-IV indexes of interest allows to explore subtle differences between cognitive subdomains. Elucidating underlying interplay between genetic and disease-related mechanisms could be important to understand the core feature of cognitive deficit in FEP patients.

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