Health Professionals’ Alcohol-Related Professional Practices and the Relationship between Their Personal Alcohol Attitudes and Behavior and Professional Practices: A Systematic Review

Recent studies have shown that trusting attitudes and behavior are biologically influenced. Focusing on the classic trust game, it has been demonstrated that oxytocin increases trust and that humans are endowed with genetic variation that influences their behavior in the game. Moreover, several studies have shown that a large share of the variation in survey responses to trust items is accounted for by an additive genetic component. Against this backdrop, this article makes two important contributions. First, utilizing a unique sample of more than 2,000 complete Swedish twin pairs, we provide further evidence of the heritability of social trust. Our estimates of the additive genetic component in social trust were consistent across the sexes – .33 for males and .39 for females – and are similar to the results reported in earlier studies. Secondly, we show that social trust is phenotypically related to three psychological traits – extraversion, personal control, and intelligence – and that genetic factors account for most of these correlations. Jointly, these psychological factors share around 30% of the genetic influence on social trust both for males and females. Future studies should further explore the possible causal pathways between genes and trust using panel data on both psychological traits and social trust.

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Tweeting Beyond Tahrir

World Politics ◽

10.1017/s0043887120000295 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 73 (2) ◽

pp. 243-274

Author(s):

Alexandra A. Siegel ◽

Jonathan Nagler ◽

Richard Bonneau ◽

Joshua A. Tucker

Keyword(s):

Online Social Networks ◽

The Political ◽

Political Tolerance ◽

Ongoing Debate ◽

Online Networks ◽

Network Diversity ◽

Twitter Data ◽

And Behavior ◽

Attitudes And Behavior ◽

The Relationship

abstractDo online social networks affect political tolerance in the highly polarized climate of postcoup Egypt? Taking advantage of the real-time networked structure of Twitter data, the authors find that not only is greater network diversity associated with lower levels of intolerance, but also that longer exposure to a diverse network is linked to less expression of intolerance over time. The authors find that this relationship persists in both elite and non-elite diverse networks. Exploring the mechanisms by which network diversity might affect tolerance, the authors offer suggestive evidence that social norms in online networks may shape individuals’ propensity to publicly express intolerant attitudes. The findings contribute to the political tolerance literature and enrich the ongoing debate over the relationship between online echo chambers and political attitudes and behavior by providing new insights from a repressive authoritarian context.

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HUBUNGAN TINGKAT PENGETAHUAN IBU TENTANG HIPERBILIRUBIN DENGAN SIKAP DAN PERILAKU MENJEMUR BAYI DI KELURAHAN SANGKRAH

KOSALA : Jurnal Ilmu Kesehatan ◽

10.37831/jik.v4i2.98 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 4 (2) ◽

Author(s):

Rahayu Setyaningsih ◽

Ersa Trianingsih

Keyword(s):

Pearson Correlation ◽

Statistical Test ◽

Bivariate Analysis ◽

Multivariate Statistical ◽

Spearman Rank ◽

Level Of Knowledge ◽

And Behavior ◽

Attitudes And Behavior ◽

The Village ◽

The Relationship

AbstractInterviews with mother who have babies aged 0-6 months in the Village Sangkrah, founddifferent maternal understanding of hiperbilirubin, some of mothers not understand abouthiperbilirubin, its causes and how to prevent it. The attitude of the mothers also variessome wants sunning their babies every morning whereas plenty were reluctant becausethey do not know of its benefits. The purpose of the study: to determine the correlation ofmother's level of knowledge about hiperbilirubin with attitudes and behavior sunning babyThe subjects were all mothers with babies 0-6 months in the Village Sangkrah as manyas 45 people. This research method of bivariate analysis using Spearman Rank,multivariate analysis with Pearson Correlation to find the correlation of three variables: thelevel of knowledge of mothers about hiperbilirubin with attitudes and behavior in infantssunning.The results of the bivariate analysis using Spearman Rank with α = 5% (0.05) wasobtained p <0.001 to p <0.05, which means that the hypothesis is accepted, there is acorrelation the level of knowledge about hiperbilirubin with the attitudes and behaviorsunning baby in village Sangkrah. Multivariate statistical test using Pearson Correlation α= 5% (0.05) was obtained p <0.001 for the correlation between knowledge with attitude,either correlation knowledge with behavioral or correlation between attitudes withbehavioral earn p <0.05. The correlation coefficient ranged from 0.541 to 0.583 whichshows the strength of the relationship in the medium category.Keywords: Knowledge, Attitude, Behavior, Hiperbilirubin, Sunning Baby

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A systematic review of the relationship factor between women and health professionals within the multivariant analysis of maternal satisfaction

Midwifery ◽

10.1016/j.midw.2016.08.003 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 41 ◽

pp. 68-78 ◽

Cited By ~ 16

Author(s):

Ignacio Macpherson ◽

María V. Roqué-Sánchez ◽

Finola O. Legget, BN ◽

Ferran Fuertes ◽

Ignacio Segarra

Keyword(s):

Systematic Review ◽

Health Professionals ◽

Maternal Satisfaction ◽

Multivariant Analysis ◽

The Relationship

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Building a Framework of Evaluating Human–Environment Relationships: Considering the Differences between Subjective Evaluations and Objective Assessments

Sustainability ◽

10.3390/su12010167 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 12 (1) ◽

pp. 167

Author(s):

Ying Liu ◽

Wei Deng ◽

Li Peng

Keyword(s):

Subjective Evaluation ◽

Objective Assessment ◽

Human Environment ◽

Subjective Evaluations ◽

The Matrix ◽

The Difference ◽

Objective Basis ◽

And Behavior ◽

Attitudes And Behavior ◽

The Relationship

The human–environment relationship is bidirectional, meaning that human attitudes and behavior to nature are at the root of environmental change, while changes in the environment affect human attitudes and behavior. It is necessary to analyze the human–environment relationship from two aspects: (a) Whether there is a good objective basis for maintaining an environment, and (b) whether people report that they are satisfied with that environment. This study attempted to construct a framework to evaluate the human–environment relationship considering these two aspects. The framework consists of three parts: Traditional evaluation, indicator construction, and evaluation considering the relationship between subjective and objective assessment. Traditional evaluations consist of subjective evaluations and objective assessments. Indicator construction focuses on putting forward indicators that quantitively evaluate the human–environment relationship, considering the results of objective assessments and subjective evaluations. The indicators introduced in this study include MD (match degree) and OSC (objective assessment and subjective evaluation comparison) to explain the difference and the relationship between objective assessments and subjective evaluations of the environment. Then, based on the indicator value, a matrix containing four situations (Match-H, Match-L, H-L, and L-H) was constructed to explore why a human–environment relationship may not be harmonious. Since the upper Minjiang River basin is a typical area, because of its intensive human activity, as well as its fragile ecological environment, this study chose it as a case study and used it to verify the framework. Through the framework construction and application, this study found that: (1) The framework of this study provided a more comprehensive method to evaluate the human–environment relationship; (2) as the subjective evaluation was based on individual comprehensive tradeoffs, the evaluation combining the subjective and objective assessment was more accurate; (3) environmental conditions were the basis, and human activities were the key factors, for the coordination of human–environment relationships; so the matrix put forward in this study was necessary for finding the cause of human–environment incongruity.

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Attitudes and behavior of pregnant women and health professionals towards alcohol and tobacco consumption

Patient Education and Counseling ◽

10.1016/0738-3991(94)00695-i ◽

1995 ◽

Vol 25 (1) ◽

pp. 39-49 ◽

Cited By ~ 15

Author(s):

N. Lelong ◽

M. Kaminski ◽

J. Chwalow ◽

K. Bean ◽

D. Subtil

Keyword(s):

Pregnant Women ◽

Health Professionals ◽

Tobacco Consumption ◽

And Behavior ◽

Attitudes And Behavior

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Protestant Ethic and Performance: A Re-Examination

Psychological Reports ◽

10.2466/pr0.1981.48.1.335 ◽

1981 ◽

Vol 48 (1) ◽

pp. 335-338 ◽

Cited By ~ 16

Author(s):

Daniel C. Ganster

Keyword(s):

Statistical Power ◽

Work Performance ◽

Protestant Ethic ◽

Sorting Task ◽

And Performance ◽

And Behavior ◽

Attitudes And Behavior ◽

The Relationship ◽

Ethic Scale ◽

High Statistical Power

An experiment was conducted to examine the relationship between endorsement of the Protestant Ethic and work performance and satisfaction. Employing an electronic sorting task with 95 subjects, the study did not confirm earlier findings of Merrens and Garrett (1975), despite high statistical power. Results question the interpretation of the Protestant Ethic scale as an indicant of work attitudes and behavior.

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