scholarly journals Perfectionism and Prospective Near-Term Suicidal Thoughts and Behaviors: The Mediation of Fear of Humiliation and Suicide Crisis Syndrome

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (4) ◽  
pp. 1424 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tyler Pia ◽  
Igor Galynker ◽  
Allison Schuck ◽  
Courtney Sinclair ◽  
Gelan Ying ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Indirect Effect ◽  
Rating Scale ◽  
Suicidal Thoughts ◽  
Mediation Analyses ◽  
Severity Rating ◽  
Serial Mediation ◽  
And Behaviors ◽  
Near Term ◽  
Suicidal Thoughts And Behaviors

Background: Perfectionism has been linked to suicide. According to the Narrative-Crisis Model of suicide, individuals with trait vulnerabilities are prone to develop a certain mindset, known as a Suicidal Narrative, which may precipitate the Suicide Crisis Syndrome (SCS), culminating in suicide. The purpose of this study was to investigate the association between perfectionism (trait vulnerability), fear of humiliation (component of the Suicidal Narrative), SCS, and prospective near-term suicidal thoughts and behaviors (STB). Methods: Adult psychiatric outpatient participants (N = 336) were assessed at baseline with the Suicidal Narrative Inventory for perfectionism and fear of humiliation. The questions used to assess perfectionism were adapted from the Multidimensional Perfectionism Scale. The severity of the SCS was calculated using the Suicide Crisis Inventory. STB were assessed at baseline and after one month using the Columbia Suicide Severity Rating Scale. Serial mediation analyses were conducted using PROCESS version 3.3 in SPSS. Results: While the direct effect of perfectionism on prospective STB was not significant (b = 0.01, p = 0.19), the indirect effect of perfectionism on STB, through serial mediation by fear of humiliation and the SCS, was significant (indirect effect p = 0.007, 95% CI [0.003, 0.013]). The indirect effect was not significant for models that did not include both mediators. Limitations: Variables were assessed at one time only. Conclusion: Perfectionism did not directly modulate STB. Perfectionism may be related to suicidal behavior through fear of humiliation, leading to the SCS. These results support the Narrative-Crisis Model of suicide and clarify the role of perfectionism in the etiology of suicide.

scholarly journals Alexithymia, Suicidal Ideation and Behaviour in Moroccan Psychoactive Substance Users

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Khadija Karjouh ◽  
Fatima-Zahra Azzaoui ◽  
Riadh Ouerchefani ◽  
Wafae idrissi semlali ◽  
Khaoula Mammad ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Substance Use ◽  
Suicidal Ideation ◽  
Emotional Regulation ◽  
Rating Scale ◽  
Depressive Symptomatology ◽  
Suicidal Thoughts ◽  
Severity Rating ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
And Behaviors ◽  
Suicidal Thoughts And Behaviors

Abstract Alexithymia is an emotion regulation problem that may be related to suicidality, especially in patients with SUD.The study aimed at estimating the prevalence of alexithymia in Moroccan psychoactive substances users, and to establish the links between alexithymia and suicidal ideation and behaviors, anxiety and depression in drug-dependent patients.We also aimed to elucidate if alexithymia predicts suicidal thoughts and behaviors in these consumers. The study included 451 consecutively admitted patients with substance use. Consumers were examined with the Toronto alexithymia scale (TAS-20), State and Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI-Y), Beck Depression Inventory (BDI) and The Columbia-Suicide Severity Rating Scale (C-SSRS)Among substance-dependent individuals, 72.7% was identified as a group with alexithymia. Current age and age at first substance use were lower in the alexithymic group (p<0.01).The mean STAI-Y state and C-SSRS scores were higher in the group with alexithymia (p<0.01). There was a statistically significant difference between the groups in terms of mean scores for anxiety traits (p<0.05) and no significant difference in terms of mean scores for depression. All of the scores correlated significantly with.Addicted patients with alexithymia could be targeted at preventing the onset of suicidal thoughts and behaviorThe present study also evokes that whenever an emotional regulation disorder is observed, the possibility of anxio-depressive symptomatology and suicidality (ideation and behavior) needs to be assessed.

scholarly journals Psychobiological risk factors for suicidal thoughts and behaviors in adolescence: a consideration of the role of puberty

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tiffany C. Ho ◽  
Anthony J. Gifuni ◽  
Ian H. Gotlib
Keyword(s):  
Pubertal Timing ◽  
Anterior Cingulate ◽  
Neural Systems ◽  
Hormonal Changes ◽  
Suicidal Thoughts ◽  
Social Stressors ◽  
And Behaviors ◽  
Suicidal Thoughts And Behaviors ◽  
Pubertal Transition

AbstractSuicide is the second leading cause of death among adolescents. While clinicians and researchers have begun to recognize the importance of considering multidimensional factors in understanding risk for suicidal thoughts and behaviors (STBs) during this developmental period, the role of puberty has been largely ignored. In this review, we contend that the hormonal events that occur during puberty have significant effects on the organization and development of brain systems implicated in the regulation of social stressors, including amygdala, hippocampus, striatum, medial prefrontal cortex, orbitofrontal cortex, and anterior cingulate cortex. Guided by previous experimental work in adults, we also propose that the influence of pubertal hormones and social stressors on neural systems related to risk for STBs is especially critical to consider in adolescents with a neurobiological sensitivity to hormonal changes. Furthermore, facets of the pubertal transition, such as pubertal timing, warrant deeper investigation and may help us gain a more comprehensive understanding of sex differences in the neurobiological and psychosocial mechanisms underlying adolescent STBs. Ultimately, advancing our understanding of the pubertal processes that contribute to suicide risk will improve early detection and facilitate the development of more effective, sex-specific, psychiatric interventions for adolescents.

The Role of Hope and Resilience in Protecting Against Suicidal thoughts and Behaviors During the COVID-19 Pandemic

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-18
Author(s):  
James R. P. Knowles ◽  
Nicola S. Gray ◽  
Chris O’Connor ◽  
Jennifer Pink ◽  
Nicola J. Simkiss ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Suicidal Thoughts ◽  
And Behaviors ◽  
Suicidal Thoughts And Behaviors

Anhedonia and suicidal thoughts and behaviors in psychiatric outpatients: The role of acuity

2018 ◽  
Vol 35 (12) ◽  
pp. 1218-1227 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mariah Hawes ◽  
Igor Galynker ◽  
Shira Barzilay ◽  
Zimri S. Yaseen
Keyword(s):  
Psychiatric Outpatients ◽  
Suicidal Thoughts ◽  
And Behaviors ◽  
Suicidal Thoughts And Behaviors

The Role of Affect in Suicidal Thoughts and Behaviors

2011 ◽  
Vol 41 (2) ◽  
pp. 160-170 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cynthia A. Yamokoski ◽  
Karen R. Scheel ◽  
James R. Rogers
Keyword(s):  
Suicidal Thoughts ◽  
And Behaviors ◽  
Suicidal Thoughts And Behaviors

scholarly journals A Systematic Review of Suicide Prevention Apps for User Engagement and Usability (Preprint)

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chelsey Wilks ◽  
Carol Chu ◽  
DongGun Sim ◽  
Josh Lovell ◽  
Peter Gutierrez ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Suicide Prevention ◽  
Best Practice ◽  
Rating Scale ◽  
Mobile Apps ◽  
Mobile App ◽  
User Engagement ◽  
Suicidal Thoughts ◽  
Treatment Delivery ◽  
And Behaviors ◽  
Suicidal Thoughts And Behaviors

BACKGROUND People with suicidal thoughts are more inclined to seek technology-delivered interventions than in-person forms of treatment, making mobile apps for suicide prevention an ideal platform for treatment delivery. OBJECTIVE This review examines apps designed for suicide prevention, with a specific focus on user engagement. METHODS All apps referring to suicidal thoughts and behaviors were identified in Google Play and iOS app stores and were systematically reviewed for app content and quality. The Mobile App Rating Scale (MARS) was used to evaluate app usability and engagement. RESULTS A total of 66 apps were identified. Most (64.0%) were designed specifically for people with suicidal ideation, whereas 89.3% had at least one best practice feature for suicide risk reduction and 83.3% scored in the “acceptable” range according to the MARS. The total MARS score was not associated with the user app rating or the number of features. CONCLUSIONS Only free apps were systematically evaluated, potentially limiting the breadth of this review. It is unclear how frequently these apps are used, whether they are reaching target audiences, or most importantly, if they are effective at reducing suicidal thoughts and behaviors.

scholarly journals The Role of Culture in Implicit & Explicit Suicide Ideation

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sukriti Drabu
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Processing ◽  
Suicide Ideation ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Implicit Association ◽  
Suicidal Thoughts ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
The Usa ◽  
And Behaviors ◽  
Suicidal Thoughts And Behaviors

This study investigated the role of culture on suicidal thoughts and behaviors by examining (i) differences in explicit reporting of suicidal thoughts and behaviors, (ii) differences in implicit association of suicidal thoughts (iii) correlation of implicit- explicit reporting of suicidal thoughts and behaviors (iv) correlation between religion, religiosity level and reporting of suicidal thoughts between community samples from India and the USA. The study also tested the feasibility of using a measure of cognitive processing (i.e. the Implicit Association Task) as opposed to a self-report measure to identify implicit or hidden associations with suicidal thoughts or behaviors. Given the scarcity of available research on cross-cultural suicidal thoughts and behaviors, this study aims to bridge the current gap and provide evidence on the cultural variability in expression and development of suicidal thoughts and behaviors. The study hypothesized a lower level of explicit reporting of suicidal thoughts and behaviors in the Indian sample (as compared to the USA sample), but equivalent or higher level of implicit association with death/suicide related stimuli. Further, a significant difference in the correlation between religiosity level and suicidal behaviors, moderated by religion, was expected between the two countries. Participants were recruited online using Mechanical Turk to target individuals from India and the USA. A self-report questionnaire format was used to capture information about the participants’ explicit reporting of suicidal thoughts and behaviors, associated risk factors, religious affiliations and country of birth. Implicit cognition towards suicide was measured using an online version of the Death/Suicide IAT. The results showed a significantly lower level of explicit reporting in India as compared to the USA sample but comparable implicit reporting levels. Further, the results also reported a significantly different correlation of religiosity and suicidal thoughts between the two country samples. This study provides initial evidence suggesting a significant role of cultural setting in the reporting and expression of suicidal thoughts and behaviors. This study is also the first to test the feasibility of using the Death/Suicide IAT for measuring implicit suicide related cognition in India.

Mokken Scale Analysis of Lifetime Responses on the Columbia Suicide Severity Rating Scale’s Severity of Ideation Subscale

Assessment ◽  
2020 ◽  
pp. 107319112091362
Author(s):  
Jeffrey V. Tabares ◽  
Jonathan E. Butner ◽  
Craig J. Bryan ◽  
Julia A. Harris
Keyword(s):  
Suicide Risk ◽  
Current Practice ◽  
Rating Scale ◽  
Risk Model ◽  
Functional Equivalence ◽  
Correct Order ◽  
Suicidal Thoughts ◽  
Severity Rating ◽  
Suicidal Thoughts And Behaviors ◽  
Risk Scale

Suicide risk screening assumes that suicidal thoughts and behaviors exist on a continuous, hierarchical spectrum with some suicidal thoughts implicated with greater risk for suicidal behaviors. However, screening measures based on the hierarchical model may not capture the suicide risk construct. This study assessed psychometric properties of the Columbia Suicide Severity Rating Scale (CSSRS) for (a) between- and within-person measurement dimensions, (b) item utility in capturing the suicide risk construct, and (c) tenability of a hierarchical risk model. We found that the CSSRS functions differentially between and within individuals, CSSRS items capture more suicide risk construct, and that CSSRS items in current practice likely appear in the correct order. The current CSSRS reasonably represents within-person suicide risk, but not between-person risk. Scale norms or alternate scoring could facilitate functional equivalence and utility for between- and within-person CSSRS dimensions.

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