scholarly journals Sexual Behaviours and Practices before and after Phase I/II HIV Vaccine Trial: A Qualitative Study among Volunteers in Dar es Salaam Tanzania

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (19) ◽  
pp. 7193
Author(s):  
Masunga K. Iseselo ◽  
Edith A. M. Tarimo ◽  
Eric Sandstrom ◽  
Asli Kulane
Keyword(s):  
Sexual Behavior ◽  
Phase I ◽  
Sexual Behaviors ◽  
Vaccine Trial ◽  
Dar Es Salaam ◽  
Marital Relationships ◽  
Hiv Vaccine ◽  
Sexual Practices ◽  
Limited Information ◽  
Before And After

There is limited information about sexual behavior among volunteers who participated in phase I/II human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) vaccine trial. This article describes the sexual behavior, practices before, and after participation in phase I/II HIV vaccine trial in Dar es Salaam, Tanzania. We conducted a qualitative descriptive study involving volunteers who participated in the phase I/II vaccine trial between 2007 and 2010. Purposeful sampling was used to recruit potential informants. Twenty-four in-depth interviews were conducted. The audio-recorded interviews were transcribed verbatim and analyzed using a thematic content analysis approach. The findings revealed that before participation in the HIV vaccine trial, informants were engaging in unprotected multiple sexual relationships. After the completion of the HIV vaccine trial, informants reported strengthened marital relationships, increased understanding of safer sexual practices, and HIV testing. However, the informants reported challenges regarding vaccine-induced seropositivity that adversely affected their sexual and marital relationships. Some informants re-engaged in risky sexual practices because they perceived the experimental vaccine was protective. The informants suggested having continued interventions within the community to enhance safer sexual practices. Participation in phase I/II HIV vaccine trials may positively and negatively influence changes in volunteers’ sexual behaviors and practices. The trial interventions appear to improve compliance with safer sexual practices. However, the reported vaccine-induced seropositivity and the perception that experimental vaccines are protective need further appropriate interventions.

scholarly journals Motivations to participate in a Phase I/II HIV vaccine trial: A descriptive study from Dar es Salaam, Tanzania

2016 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
E. A. M. Tarimo ◽  
M. Bakari ◽  
D. C. V. Kakoko ◽  
T. W. Kohi ◽  
F. Mhalu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Phase I ◽  
Vaccine Trial ◽  
Descriptive Study ◽  
Dar Es Salaam ◽  
Hiv Vaccine

scholarly journals Willingness to volunteer in a Phase I/II HIV vaccine trial: a study among police officers in Dar es Salaam, Tanzania

2009 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 1953 ◽  
Author(s):  
Edith A. M. Tarimo ◽  
Anna Thorson ◽  
Muhammad Bakari ◽  
Joachim Mwami ◽  
Eric Sandström ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Phase I ◽  
Police Officers ◽  
Vaccine Trial ◽  
Dar Es Salaam ◽  
Hiv Vaccine

scholarly journals Sexual behavior among volunteers enrolled in a Phase I HIV vaccine trial: experience of Projet San Francisco in Kigali, Rwanda

Retrovirology ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 9 (S2) ◽  
Author(s):  
J Mukamuyango ◽  
E Karita ◽  
R Bayingana ◽  
J Nyombayire ◽  
R Ingabire ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sexual Behavior ◽  
Phase I ◽  
San Francisco ◽  
Vaccine Trial ◽  
Hiv Vaccine ◽  
Trial Experience

scholarly journals Post-HIV vaccine trials’ misperception and associated factors among participating communities in Dar es Salaam, Tanzania

2020 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-10
Author(s):  
Edith Andrew Mroso Tarimo ◽  
Candida Moshiro ◽  
Joel Ambikile ◽  
Patricia Munseri ◽  
Muhammad Bakari ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Phase I ◽  
Associated Factors ◽  
Vaccine Development ◽  
Vaccine Trial ◽  
Dar Es Salaam ◽  
Hiv Vaccine ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Adjusted Risk ◽  
Hiv Vaccine Trials ◽  
Vaccine Trials

 Background: Despite the successful conduct of three Phase I/II HIV vaccine trials in Dar es Salaam, Tanzania, misperception around the trials has been reported. In this study, misperception means incorrect understanding that in Phase I/II HIV vaccine trial, the researchers infected the volunteers with HIV. We describe the magnitude of misperception around HIV vaccine trials and associated factors among participating communities in Dar es Salaam, Tanzania. Methods: We conducted a cross-sectional study that included 605 respondents aged ³18 years from the communities that participated in Phase I/II HIV vaccine trials. These communities comprised of youths, Police and Prison officers. Respondents were interviewed using a pre-tested questionnaire on socio-demographic characteristics, HIV knowledge, and responses to HIV vaccine trial related questions. Results: Of the 605 respondents, 156 (26%) had misperception that the researchers infected the volunteers with HIV during the trials, while 58% weren’t sure whether the researchers infected the volunteers with the HIV or not. Awareness about progress in HIV vaccine development (adjusted risk ratio (RR)=1.50; 95% CI=1.11 – 2.04), participation in an HIV vaccine sensitization meeting (adjusted RR=1.50; 95% CI=1.14-1.97) and advanced secondary education (adjusted RR=1.92; 95% CI=1.19 – 3.09) were associated with an increased likelihood of having the misperception that researchers infected the volunteers. Nevertheless, the majority (94.5%) of respondents showed a willingness to know more about ongoing HIV vaccine studies while about 44.3% had reservations of taking part in HIV vaccine trials due to fear of getting HIV from the vaccine. Conclusions: The misperception that researchers infected volunteers with HIV in Phase I/II trial is significant and was associated with respondents’ awareness about HIV vaccine development, participation in sensitization meetings and advanced education. Partial knowledge about HIV vaccine trials was of note. Future HIV vaccine trials should strive to address the knowledge gap.

scholarly journals Reasons for Declining to Enroll in a Phase I and II HIV Vaccine Trial after Randomization among Eligible Volunteers in Dar es Salaam, Tanzania

PLoS ONE ◽  
2011 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. e14619 ◽  
Author(s):  
Edith A. M. Tarimo ◽  
Anna Thorson ◽  
Thecla W. Kohi ◽  
Muhammad Bakari ◽  
Fred Mhalu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Phase I ◽  
Vaccine Trial ◽  
Dar Es Salaam ◽  
Hiv Vaccine ◽  
Phase I And Ii

scholarly journals Experiences on recruitment and retention of volunteers in the first HIV vaccine trial in Dar es Salam, Tanzania - the phase I/II HIVIS 03 trial

2013 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Muhammad Bakari ◽  
Patricia Munseri ◽  
Joel Francis ◽  
Eric Aris ◽  
Candida Moshiro ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Phase I ◽  
Vaccine Trial ◽  
Hiv Vaccine ◽  
Recruitment And Retention

scholarly journals Comportamientos sexuales riesgosos y factores asociados entre estudiantes universitarios en Barranquilla, Colombia, 2019

2020 ◽  
Vol 19 (3) ◽  
pp. 422-449
Author(s):  
María Badillo-Viloria ◽  
Xilene Mendoza-Sánchez ◽  
Marisol Barreto Vásquez ◽  
Anderson Díaz-Pérez
Keyword(s):  
Sexual Behavior ◽  
University Students ◽  
Sexual Risk ◽  
Sexual Behaviors ◽  
Risky Sexual Behavior ◽  
Unprotected Sex ◽  
Risky Sexual Behaviors ◽  
Sexual Practices ◽  
Risk Scores ◽  
Cross Sectional

Introducción: Adolescentes y adultos jóvenes participan frecuentemente en comportamientos sexuales riesgosos (relaciones sexuales sin protección, sexo con parejas casuales, promiscuidad, iniciación sexual temprana, etc.), trayendo consigo embarazos no planeados, Infecciones de Transmisión Sexual, suicidios, abortos, afectaciones académicas y laborales. El objetivo del estudio, fue identificar los comportamientos sexuales riesgosos y factores asociados en estudiantes de una universidad en Barranquilla, 2019. Materiales y métodos: Estudio de tipo descriptivo-correlacional de corte transversal, se utilizó la Encuesta de Riesgo Sexual, que evaluó comportamientos sexuales riesgosos en universitarios de Barranquilla, en los últimos seis meses, se generaron los coeficientes de correlación Chi cuadrado de Pearson (nivel de confianza 95%; p≤0.05) para medir la asociación entre los puntajes de riesgo sexual y factores sociodemográficos y académicos. Resultados: El 63% de los participantes inició actividad sexual antes de los 18 años. 87% han participado una o más veces en comportamientos sexuales de riesgo: sexo vaginal sin condón (73%), fellatio sin condón (60.3%), número de parejas con quién tienen comportamientos sexuales (66.2%) y experiencias sexuales inesperadas (54.4%). Los hombres y estudiantes de Derecho tenían puntajes de riesgo sexual más altos que las mujeres y los estudiantes de Enfermería. Conclusión: Los universitarios están en riesgo y participando en comportamientos sexuales riesgosos, que podrían afectar su salud y proyecto de vida. Los factores de mayor riesgo fueron; sexo temprano, género, edad >20 años, prácticas sexuales arriesgadas como el sexo vaginal, oral y anal sin protección y conductas sexuales impulsivas y no planificadas. Introduction: Adolescents and young adults are frequently involved in risky sexual behavior (unprotected sex, sex with casual partners, promiscuity, early sexual initiation, etc.) bringing with them, unplanned pregnancies, sexually transmitted infections, suicides, abortions, academic and labor affectations. The objective of the study was to identify risky sexual behaviors and associated factors in students at a university in Barranquilla, 2019.Materials and methods: Study descriptive-correlational cross-sectional, the sexual risk survey was used, which evaluated risky sexual behavior in university students of Barranquilla in the last six months, were generated correlation coefficients Chi-square Pearson (95% confidence level; p≤0.05) to measure the association between sexual risk scores and sociodemographic and academic factors.Results: 63% of participants initiated sexual activity before the age of 18. The 87% have participated one or more times in risky sexual behaviors: vaginal sex without a condom (73%), fellatio without a condom (60.3%), number of partners with whom they have sexual behaviors (66.2%) and unexpected sexual experiences (54.4%). Men and law students had higher sexual risk scores than women and nursing students.Conclusion: The university students are at risk and participating in risky sexual behavior, which could affect their health and life Project. The major risk factors were; early sex, gender, age >20 years, risky sexual practices such as vaginal, oral, and anal unprotected sex and impulsive and unplanned sexual behaviors.

The victimizing effect of violent socialization: Intimate partner use of coercive sexual practices transnationally

2021 ◽  
pp. 0306624X2199406
Author(s):  
Aimée X. Delaney
Keyword(s):  
Sexual Behavior ◽  
Dating Violence ◽  
Sexual Behaviors ◽  
Sexual Coercion ◽  
Intimate Partner ◽  
Sexual Practices ◽  
Violent Socialization ◽  
Childhood Violence ◽  
Predictive Processes ◽  
Coercive Sexual Behavior

Research seems to focus more on examining predictors of sexual victimization rather than violent experiences predicting coercive sexual behaviors. Little research explores victim to offender associations. The present study expands current literature by exploring transnational differences in which coercive sexual behaviors manifest from childhood violence experiences. Do experiences of violence during childhood impact the use of coercive sexual behaviors? Multilevel modeling regression analysis, used on data from the International Dating Violence Study, reveal several interesting findings: (1) violent socialization from families is associated with coercive sexual behavior, (2) violent socialization from the community is associated with coercive sexual behavior, and (3) nations where violent socialization is more prevalent, the average level of coercive sexual behaviors tends to increase. Identifying predictive processes for sexual coercion is important. Sexual coercion may be represented in subtle day to day interactions that over time instill a sense of violence normality and further perpetuate victimization.

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