The victimizing effect of violent socialization: Intimate partner use of coercive sexual practices transnationally

2021 ◽  
pp. 0306624X2199406
Author(s):  
Aimée X. Delaney
Keyword(s):  
Sexual Behavior ◽  
Dating Violence ◽  
Sexual Behaviors ◽  
Sexual Coercion ◽  
Intimate Partner ◽  
Sexual Practices ◽  
Violent Socialization ◽  
Childhood Violence ◽  
Predictive Processes ◽  
Coercive Sexual Behavior

Research seems to focus more on examining predictors of sexual victimization rather than violent experiences predicting coercive sexual behaviors. Little research explores victim to offender associations. The present study expands current literature by exploring transnational differences in which coercive sexual behaviors manifest from childhood violence experiences. Do experiences of violence during childhood impact the use of coercive sexual behaviors? Multilevel modeling regression analysis, used on data from the International Dating Violence Study, reveal several interesting findings: (1) violent socialization from families is associated with coercive sexual behavior, (2) violent socialization from the community is associated with coercive sexual behavior, and (3) nations where violent socialization is more prevalent, the average level of coercive sexual behaviors tends to increase. Identifying predictive processes for sexual coercion is important. Sexual coercion may be represented in subtle day to day interactions that over time instill a sense of violence normality and further perpetuate victimization.

scholarly journals Comportamientos sexuales riesgosos y factores asociados entre estudiantes universitarios en Barranquilla, Colombia, 2019

2020 ◽  
Vol 19 (3) ◽  
pp. 422-449
Author(s):  
María Badillo-Viloria ◽  
Xilene Mendoza-Sánchez ◽  
Marisol Barreto Vásquez ◽  
Anderson Díaz-Pérez
Keyword(s):  
Sexual Behavior ◽  
University Students ◽  
Sexual Risk ◽  
Sexual Behaviors ◽  
Risky Sexual Behavior ◽  
Unprotected Sex ◽  
Risky Sexual Behaviors ◽  
Sexual Practices ◽  
Risk Scores ◽  
Cross Sectional

Introducción: Adolescentes y adultos jóvenes participan frecuentemente en comportamientos sexuales riesgosos (relaciones sexuales sin protección, sexo con parejas casuales, promiscuidad, iniciación sexual temprana, etc.), trayendo consigo embarazos no planeados, Infecciones de Transmisión Sexual, suicidios, abortos, afectaciones académicas y laborales. El objetivo del estudio, fue identificar los comportamientos sexuales riesgosos y factores asociados en estudiantes de una universidad en Barranquilla, 2019. Materiales y métodos: Estudio de tipo descriptivo-correlacional de corte transversal, se utilizó la Encuesta de Riesgo Sexual, que evaluó comportamientos sexuales riesgosos en universitarios de Barranquilla, en los últimos seis meses, se generaron los coeficientes de correlación Chi cuadrado de Pearson (nivel de confianza 95%; p≤0.05) para medir la asociación entre los puntajes de riesgo sexual y factores sociodemográficos y académicos. Resultados: El 63% de los participantes inició actividad sexual antes de los 18 años. 87% han participado una o más veces en comportamientos sexuales de riesgo: sexo vaginal sin condón (73%), fellatio sin condón (60.3%), número de parejas con quién tienen comportamientos sexuales (66.2%) y experiencias sexuales inesperadas (54.4%). Los hombres y estudiantes de Derecho tenían puntajes de riesgo sexual más altos que las mujeres y los estudiantes de Enfermería. Conclusión: Los universitarios están en riesgo y participando en comportamientos sexuales riesgosos, que podrían afectar su salud y proyecto de vida. Los factores de mayor riesgo fueron; sexo temprano, género, edad >20 años, prácticas sexuales arriesgadas como el sexo vaginal, oral y anal sin protección y conductas sexuales impulsivas y no planificadas. Introduction: Adolescents and young adults are frequently involved in risky sexual behavior (unprotected sex, sex with casual partners, promiscuity, early sexual initiation, etc.) bringing with them, unplanned pregnancies, sexually transmitted infections, suicides, abortions, academic and labor affectations. The objective of the study was to identify risky sexual behaviors and associated factors in students at a university in Barranquilla, 2019.Materials and methods: Study descriptive-correlational cross-sectional, the sexual risk survey was used, which evaluated risky sexual behavior in university students of Barranquilla in the last six months, were generated correlation coefficients Chi-square Pearson (95% confidence level; p≤0.05) to measure the association between sexual risk scores and sociodemographic and academic factors.Results: 63% of participants initiated sexual activity before the age of 18. The 87% have participated one or more times in risky sexual behaviors: vaginal sex without a condom (73%), fellatio without a condom (60.3%), number of partners with whom they have sexual behaviors (66.2%) and unexpected sexual experiences (54.4%). Men and law students had higher sexual risk scores than women and nursing students.Conclusion: The university students are at risk and participating in risky sexual behavior, which could affect their health and life Project. The major risk factors were; early sex, gender, age >20 years, risky sexual practices such as vaginal, oral, and anal unprotected sex and impulsive and unplanned sexual behaviors.

scholarly journals Risky sexual behavior and its associated factors among daily laborers in Arjo-Didessa sugar factory, Jimma Arjo, Southwest Ethiopia: An institution-based cross-sectional study

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
pp. 205031212199435
Author(s):  
Ayele Gezahegn Gemechu ◽  
Lemessa Assefa Ayana ◽  
Zelalem Desalegn Waqtole ◽  
Edosa Kifle Tola ◽  
Markos Desalegn Beyene
Keyword(s):  
Sexual Behavior ◽  
Confidence Interval ◽  
Sexual Behaviors ◽  
Risky Sexual Behavior ◽  
Odds Ratio ◽  
Adjusted Odds Ratio ◽  
Sexual Practices ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Sugar Factory ◽  
Study Participants

Background: Ethiopia is one of the sub-Saharan African countries where the young population is densely found. Many studies reveal that the magnitude of risky sexual behavior is high in the youth. The consequences of risky sexual behavior developed during youth life may affect the sexual behavior in adult life, such as increasing the risk of acquiring and transmitting sexually transmitted infections, and predisposing to unwanted pregnancies. Our objective was to assess the risky sexual behaviors among daily laborers in Arjo-Didessa Sugar Factory, Jimma Arjo district, East Wollega zone, Southwest Ethiopia. Methods: An institution-based cross-sectional study was conducted among 422 randomly selected daily laborers in the Arjo-Didessa sugar factory. For the quantitative and qualitative study, a simple random and purposive sampling technique, respectively, was employed to select the study participants. After data collection, data were checked manually for completeness, and then cleaned and entered into EPI info version 7. Statistical analyses like descriptive, bivariate, and multivariate logistic regression were performed using SPSS version 24 to determine the association between predictors and outcome variables with the help of the calculated frequencies and odds ratio with 95% confidence interval, while a p-value of less than 0.05 was taken as statistically significant. Results: The mean age of study participants was 22.15 and standard deviation of ±2.9 years. Among the study participants who responded to having sex in the past 12 months, 171 (57%) with 95% confidence interval (0.51, 0.63) had ever experienced risky sexual practices. The findings of this study indicated that age from 20 to 24 years (adjusted odds ratio = 3.9, 95% confidence interval: 1.19–12.90), marital status (single) (adjusted odds ratio = 5.5, 95% confidence interval: 1.98–15.70), khat chewing (adjusted odds ratio = 7.12, 95% confidence interval: 2.2–23.4), influence of alcohol for sex (adjusted odds ratio = 3.7, 95% confidence interval: 1.1–12.23), watching pornographic films (adjusted odds ratio = 4.2, 95% confidence interval: 1.5–12.2), and having income less than US$17 (adjusted odds ratio = 0.03, 95% confidence interval: 0.01–0.77) and US$17–US$52 (adjusted odds ratio = 0.23, 95% confidence interval: 0.06–0.85) were significantly associated with risky sexual behavior. Conclusion: This study indicated that there are high-risk sexual practices among the study population. Age, marital status, income level, khat chewing, the influence of alcohol consumption to have sex, and pornographic viewing were found to be predisposing factors of the risky sexual behaviors among daily laborers at the Arjo-Didessa sugar factory. Enhancing sexual education and consulting the targeted groups for the behavioral change is highly advisable, which can reduce the consequences of risky sexual practices that prevailed in the study area.

Sexual Coercion History, Calloused Sexual Beliefs and Judgments of Sexual Coercion in a Date Rape Analogue

1999 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 147-160 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jeffrey A. Bernat ◽  
Amy E. Wilson ◽  
Karen S. Calhoun
Keyword(s):  
Sexual Behavior ◽  
Sexual Coercion ◽  
Date Rape ◽  
Cognitive Set ◽  
Token Resistance ◽  
Sexual Beliefs ◽  
History Of ◽  
Coercive Sexual Behavior

This study compared men with and without a history of coercive sexual behavior on their judgments of how far a man should go in using coercion in an audiotaped date rape simulation. Calloused sexual beliefs (CSB) and a “token resistance” manipulation were expected to differentially interact with coercion history. Results showed no effect for “token resistance.” Calloused sexual beliefs interacted with coercion group, such that sexually coercive men high in CSB took significantly longer to stop the date rape interaction than coercive men low in CSB, who did not differ from noncoercive men. These findings support a model of sexual coercion in which a cognitive set consisting of rape-supportive beliefs may serve as a disinhibitor of behavior.

scholarly journals Sexual Behaviours and Practices before and after Phase I/II HIV Vaccine Trial: A Qualitative Study among Volunteers in Dar es Salaam Tanzania

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (19) ◽  
pp. 7193
Author(s):  
Masunga K. Iseselo ◽  
Edith A. M. Tarimo ◽  
Eric Sandstrom ◽  
Asli Kulane
Keyword(s):  
Sexual Behavior ◽  
Phase I ◽  
Sexual Behaviors ◽  
Vaccine Trial ◽  
Dar Es Salaam ◽  
Marital Relationships ◽  
Hiv Vaccine ◽  
Sexual Practices ◽  
Limited Information ◽  
Before And After

There is limited information about sexual behavior among volunteers who participated in phase I/II human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) vaccine trial. This article describes the sexual behavior, practices before, and after participation in phase I/II HIV vaccine trial in Dar es Salaam, Tanzania. We conducted a qualitative descriptive study involving volunteers who participated in the phase I/II vaccine trial between 2007 and 2010. Purposeful sampling was used to recruit potential informants. Twenty-four in-depth interviews were conducted. The audio-recorded interviews were transcribed verbatim and analyzed using a thematic content analysis approach. The findings revealed that before participation in the HIV vaccine trial, informants were engaging in unprotected multiple sexual relationships. After the completion of the HIV vaccine trial, informants reported strengthened marital relationships, increased understanding of safer sexual practices, and HIV testing. However, the informants reported challenges regarding vaccine-induced seropositivity that adversely affected their sexual and marital relationships. Some informants re-engaged in risky sexual practices because they perceived the experimental vaccine was protective. The informants suggested having continued interventions within the community to enhance safer sexual practices. Participation in phase I/II HIV vaccine trials may positively and negatively influence changes in volunteers’ sexual behaviors and practices. The trial interventions appear to improve compliance with safer sexual practices. However, the reported vaccine-induced seropositivity and the perception that experimental vaccines are protective need further appropriate interventions.

Male and Female Sexual Victimization in Dating Relationships: Gender Differences in Coercion Techniques and Outcomes

1995 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 203-215 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lisa K. Waldner-Haugrud ◽  
Brian Magruder
Keyword(s):  
Sexual Behavior ◽  
Sexual Behaviors ◽  
Sexual Coercion ◽  
Low Frequency ◽  
Male Victims ◽  
Dating Relationships ◽  
Physical Force ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Female Victims ◽  
Unwanted Sexual Behavior

Previous research on dating sexual coercion defines females as victims and males as perpetrators. This study expands on a trend to include male victims of sexual coercion in order to contrast their experiences with female victims. Results from 422 Midwestern, college students reveal a phenomenal amount of sexual coercion is occurring. Although women report more victimization, both males and females in the study reported coercion resulting in sexual behaviors ranging from kissing to intercourse. Coercive tactics targeted in this study included: intoxication, blackmail, lies, false promises, guilt, threats to end the relationship, persistent touching, being held down, detainment, threat of physical force, use of force, and use of a weapon. Multivariate analysis of variance (MANOVA) revealed that women were more likely to experience unwanted sexual behavior when the following coercive tactics were used: detainment, persistent touching, lies, and being held down. Men were more likely to report unwanted sexual behavior ranging from kissing to intercourse when female dates used blackmail or a weapon. Low frequency of the weapon item renders this finding less significant. Chi-square results reveal a pattern of coercing women into more extreme behaviors, such as intercourse, while men report coercion ending in milder sexual behaviors, such as unwanted kissing or touching.

Age of first reported sexual experience among U.S. soldiers

2014 ◽  
Vol 26 (2) ◽  
pp. 239-244 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cristóbal S. Berry-Cabán ◽  
Jamie N. Jenkins ◽  
Elizabeth Goorley ◽  
Serena Gray
Keyword(s):  
Sexual Behavior ◽  
Sexual Intercourse ◽  
Sexual Behaviors ◽  
Risky Sexual Behavior ◽  
Sexual Experience ◽  
Risky Sexual Behaviors ◽  
Sexual Practices ◽  
Sexual Knowledge ◽  
Frequency Distributions ◽  
First Sexual Intercourse

Abstract Studies show that the age of first sexual intercourse is directly correlated with risky sexual behavior among civilian populations. However, few studies have looked at the age of first intercourse and its consequence among soldiers. A study was conducted to examine the age of first sexual experience and sexual practices among soldiers surveyed at a large military post. The survey consisted of 31 fixed-choice items that focused on the soldiers’ sexual knowledge, beliefs and behaviors. A total of 450 soldiers were included in the sample. Respondents were divided into three main categories by age groupings of first sexual experience as follows: under 14 years of age, between the ages of 14 to 17 years, and over 18 years. All values were analyzed using frequency distributions with calculations of means, standard deviations, and range. Results showed that soldiers who had their first sexual experience under the age of 14 were more likely to participate in risky sexual behaviors than those whose first sexual experience occurred when soldiers were over the age of 18.

Childhood Sexual Abuse, Attachments in Childhood and Adulthood, and Coercive Sexual Behaviors in Community Males

Sexual Abuse ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 29 (3) ◽  
pp. 207-238 ◽  
Author(s):  
Calvin M. Langton ◽  
Zuwaina Murad ◽  
Bianca Humbert
Keyword(s):  
Sexual Abuse ◽  
Sexual Behavior ◽  
Childhood Sexual Abuse ◽  
Attachment Style ◽  
Sexual Behaviors ◽  
Attachment Styles ◽  
Childhood Adversity ◽  
Romantic Partners ◽  
And Control ◽  
Coercive Sexual Behavior

Associations between self-reported coercive sexual behavior against adult females, childhood sexual abuse (CSA), and child–parent attachment styles, as well as attachment with adult romantic partners, were examined among 176 adult community males. Attachment style with each parent and with romantic partners was also investigated as a potential moderator. Using hierarchical multiple regression analysis, avoidant attachment with mothers in childhood (and also with fathers, in a second model) accounted for a significant amount of the variance in coercive sexual behavior controlling for scores on anxious ambivalent and disorganized/disoriented attachment scales, as predicted. Similarly, in a third model, avoidance attachment in adulthood was a significant predictor of coercive sexual behavior controlling for scores on the anxiety attachment in adulthood scale. These main effects for avoidant and avoidance attachment were not statistically significant when CSA and control variables (other types of childhood adversity, aggression, antisociality, and response bias) were added in each of the models. But the interaction between scales for CSA and avoidance attachment in adulthood was significant, demonstrating incremental validity in a final step, consistent with a hypothesized moderating function for attachment in adulthood. The correlation between CSA and coercive sexual behavior was .60 for those with the highest third of avoidance attachment scores (i.e., the most insecurely attached on this scale), .24 for those with scores in the middle range on the scale, and .01 for those with the lowest third of avoidance attachment scores (i.e., the most securely attached). Implications for study design and theory were discussed.

“When You’re in a Relationship, You Say No, but Your Partner Insists”: Sexual Dating Violence and Ambiguity Among Girls and Young Women

2019 ◽  
pp. 088626051986714 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mylène Fernet ◽  
Martine Hébert ◽  
Geneviève Brodeur ◽  
Valérie Théorêt
Keyword(s):  
Dating Violence ◽  
Adolescent Girls ◽  
Young Women ◽  
Sexual Coercion ◽  
Intimate Partner ◽  
Sexual Consent ◽  
Semistructured Interview ◽  
Sexual Activities ◽  
The Past ◽  
Definition Of

Sexual dating violence (DV) is highly prevalent and associated with deleterious outcomes. Unfortunately, this form of violence remains poorly understood. Furthermore, the measures used to assess sexual DV may not account for the various manifestations of sexual DV, which limits our understanding of this problem. This study aimed to (a) explore how girls and young women describe their experiences of sexual DV and (b) explore whether the taxonomy on intimate partner sexual violence developed by Bagwell-Gray and colleagues could be applicable to girls and young women’s experiences of sexual DV. A total of 71 adolescent girls and young women who identified themselves as heterosexual were recruited. Sexual DV was assessed using an adapted version of the Sexual Experiences Survey, followed by a semistructured interview. Findings revealed that 29.6% of participants reported sexual DV victimization in the past 12 months. A direct content analysis was performed based on the taxonomy of Bagwell-Gray and colleagues. Four manifestations of sexual DV were illustrated from the youth’s narratives: (a) sexual coercion, (b) sexual assault, (c) sexual abuse, and (d) forced sexual activities. Our results underscore the ambiguity of sexual consent and definition of sexual DV among adolescent girls and young women. This research further supports the necessity to develop and implement prevention programs that specifically target sexual DV in this population.

scholarly journals Unconventional sexual behaviors and their associations with physical, mental and sexual health parameters: a study in 18 large Brazilian cities

2010 ◽  
Vol 32 (3) ◽  
pp. 264-274 ◽  
Author(s):  
Waldemar Mendes de Oliveira Júnior ◽  
Carmita Helena Najjar Abdo
Keyword(s):  
Sexual Behavior ◽  
Sexual Behaviors ◽  
Reference Group ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sexual Practices ◽  
Sexual Life ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Group 1 ◽  
Health Parameters

OBJECTIVE: There have been many studies investigating paraphilias and sexual compulsion, but thus far little data about prevalence of unusual sexual practices that are subthreshold for these diagnoses. The associations between unconventional sexual behavior and sociodemographic and health parameters were investigated. METHOD: A cross-sectional study of 7,022 individuals (45.4% of women) was carried out using a selfadministered questionnaire that compared individuals carrying at least one reference of unconventional sexual behavior (group 1) with individuals without such reference (group 2). RESULTS: Women's mean age was 35.0 vs. 35.9 years (p < 0.05) and men's mean age was 36.5 vs. 37.8 years (p < 0.05) being lower in group 1 than in group 2, respectively. More men (52.3%) than women (30.4%) (p < 0.001) presented unconventional sexual behavior. Fetishism (13.4%) and voyeuristic behavior (13.0%) were more frequent. Unconventional sexual behavior was associated with male gender, single or separated marital status, black or mulatto race, elementary and high school educational level, history of posttraumatic stress disorder treatment, alcohol dependence, emergency contraception, difficulty at the beginning of sexual life, sexual violence, bisexuality, and performance of anal or oral intercourse. CONCLUSION: Unconventional sexual behaviors are important because they are associated with poorer health status and lower educational levels.

scholarly journals Sexuality, contraception and unsafe sexual behavior in adolescents

2012 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 79-87 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elena Garcia-Vega ◽  
Elena Menendez Robledo ◽  
Paula Fernández García ◽  
Marcelino Cuesta Izquierdo
Keyword(s):  
Sexual Behavior ◽  
Sexually Transmitted Diseases ◽  
Sexual Behaviors ◽  
The Other ◽  
Sexual Practices ◽  
Western World ◽  
Sexual Relation ◽  
Sexually Transmitted ◽  
First Choice ◽  
Unsafe Sexual Behaviors

In recent years there has been further liberalization of sexual behavior in the Western world, this tendency manifests itself especially in adolescents. The aim of the present study is of knowing the sexual behaviors of our young persons, as well as the unsafe sexual behaviors, in order to know those variables that could be involved in these behaviors. The study was carried out by 815 students (54,6 % girls and 45,4 % boys), through  of an auto-report. Were observed few differences between the sexual practices and the age of beginning between boys and girls. The condom was the method of the first choice in the first sexual relation coital. The consumption of alcohol and the quantity of sexual pairs are risk conducts exercised in major measure for the boys. On the other hand, the girls are protected from sexually transmitted diseases, but there is increase of abortions, for what it would be necessary to affect in a better protection.

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