Effect of per Capita Income on the Relationship between Periodontal Disease during Pregnancy and the Risk of Preterm Birth and Low Birth Weight Newborn. Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

This work analyzed the available evidence in the scientific literature about the risk of preterm birth and/or giving birth to low birth weight newborns in pregnant women with periodontal disease. A systematic search was carried out in three databases for observational cohort studies that related periodontal disease in pregnant women with the risk of preterm delivery and/or low birth weight, and that gave their results in relative risk (RR) values. Eleven articles were found, meeting the inclusion criteria. Statistically significant values were obtained regarding the risk of preterm birth in pregnant women with periodontitis (RR = 1.67 (1.17–2.38), 95% confidence interval (CI)), and low birth weight (RR = 2.53 (1.61–3.98) 95% CI). When a meta-regression was carried out to relate these results to the income level of each country, statistically significant results were also obtained; on the one hand, for preterm birth, a RR = 1.8 (1.43–2.27) 95% CI was obtained and, on the other hand, for low birth weight, RR = 2.9 (1.98–4.26) 95% CI. A statistically significant association of periodontitis, and the two childbirth complications studied was found, when studying the association between these results and the country’s per capita income level. However, more studies and clinical trials are needed in this regard to confirm the conclusions obtained.

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Scaling and Root Planing Performed on Pregnant Women With Mild to Moderate Periodontal Disease is Not Efficacious in Reducing Preterm Birth, Low Birth Weight, or Other Poor Pregnancy Outcomes

Journal of Evidence Based Dental Practice ◽

10.1016/j.jebdp.2012.06.007 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 12 (3) ◽

pp. 135-137 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Ananda P. Dasanayake

Keyword(s):

Birth Weight ◽

Preterm Birth ◽

Low Birth Weight ◽

Periodontal Disease ◽

Pregnant Women ◽

Pregnancy Outcomes ◽

Scaling And Root Planing ◽

Root Planing

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A Meta-Analysis for Prevalence of Cesarean Section, Preterm Birth, Stillbirth, and Low Birth Weight Deliveries in Infected Pregnant Women with COVID-19

World Journal of Peri & Neonatology ◽

10.18502/wjpn.v4i1.7542 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Mojgan Karimi-Zarchi ◽

David A. Schwartz ◽

Seyed Alireza Dastgheib ◽

Reza Bahrami ◽

Atiyeh Javaheri ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Birth Weight ◽

Preterm Birth ◽

Low Birth Weight ◽

Cesarean Section ◽

Pregnant Women ◽

Meta Analysis ◽

Asian Women ◽

Pooled Data ◽

Stratified Analysis ◽

Combined Data

Background: The aim of this meta-analysis was to estimate the prevalence of cesarean section (CS), preterm birth, stillbirth, and low birth weight deliveries (LBWD) in pregnant women with SARS-COV-2 infection. Methods: All relevant studies were searched up to 30 February 2021. Results: A total of 47 studies with 5970 infected pregnant women were included. There were 1010 CS, 55 stillbirths, 524 preterm birth, and 82 with LBWD. Pooled data showed that the prevalence of CS, preterm birth, stillbirth, and LBWD among women with SARS-COV-2 infection was 29.6% (95% CI 0.081-0.160), 2.1% (95% CI 0.081-0.160), 11.5% (95% CI 0.081-0.160), and 2.1% (95% CI 0.081-0.160), respectively. Stratified analysis revealed that these pregnancy outcomes among Asian women were higher than Caucasians. Conclusion: Our combined data revealed that the CS prevalence (29.6%) was the highest followed by preterm birth (11.5%), stillbirth (2.1%), and LBWD (2.1%) among women with COVID-19.

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Periodontal disease treatment and risk of preterm birth: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Cadernos de Saúde Pública ◽

10.1590/s0102-311x2012001000002 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 28 (10) ◽

pp. 1823-1833 ◽

Cited By ~ 12

Author(s):

Maria Inês da Rosa ◽

Patrícia Duarte Simões Pires ◽

Lidia Rosi Medeiros ◽

Maria Isabel Edelweiss ◽

Jeovany Martínez-Mesa

Keyword(s):

Systematic Review ◽

Birth Weight ◽

Preterm Birth ◽

Low Birth Weight ◽

Periodontal Disease ◽

Randomized Trials ◽

Meta Analysis ◽

Preterm Births ◽

Disease Treatment ◽

Quantitative Systematic Review

The events leading to preterm birth are still not completely understood. A quantitative systematic review was performed to estimate the effects of periodontal care during pregnancy on preventing preterm birth and low birth weight. The meta-analysis included randomized trials with pregnant women with a diagnosis of periodontal disease before 20 weeks of gestation. Relative risk (RR) with 95% confidence intervals (95%CI) was calculated. We evaluated the reduction in preterm and low birth weight. Thirteen trials were included, comparing 3,576 women in intervention groups with 3,412 women receiving usual care. The meta-analysis of the effects of periodontal disease treatment during pregnancy indicated a non-significant reduction in preterm births (RR = 0.90; 95%CI: 0.68-1.19) and low birth weights (RR = 0.92; 95%CI: 0.71-1.20). The creation and examination of a funnel plot revealed clear evidence of publication bias. In summary, primary periodontal care during pregnancy cannot be considered an efficient way of reducing the incidence of preterm birth.

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A várandós nő parodontalis egészségi állapota és a terhességi komplikációk közötti kapcsolat

Orvosi Hetilap ◽

10.1556/650.2018.31120 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 159 (25) ◽

pp. 999-1007

Author(s):

István Gera

Keyword(s):

Birth Weight ◽

Preterm Birth ◽

Low Birth Weight ◽

Periodontal Disease ◽

Pregnant Women ◽

Pregnancy Outcomes ◽

Clinical Studies ◽

Adverse Pregnancy Outcomes ◽

Periodontal Therapy ◽

Adverse Pregnancy

Abstract: Data from epidemiological and clinical studies published in the past two decades indicate certain association between periodontal disease and increased risk for preterm birth or low birth weight. Although the strength of those observed associations is weak, periodontitis today is considered as one of the potentially modifiable risk factors for adverse pregnancy outcomes. The aims of the publication are to summarize the epidemiological and clinical evidence for the impact of periodontal disease on adverse pregnancy outcomes and to make an attempt to overview the potential biological mechanism behind this association. The majority of epidemiological and clinical studies found certain negative effect of poor maternal periodontal condition on the incidence of low birth weight, preterm birth, pre-eclampsy, restricted foetal growth or even stillbirth. Two possible biological pathways have so far been identified: 1) the direct dissemination of the periodontal pathogens or their toxic by-products which reach the foetal-placental unit, and 2) an indirect mechanism when the circulating systemic inflammatory mediators induced by the periodontal inflammation can provoke secondary inflammation and foetal damage in the amnion. The periodontal therapy applied during the second or third trimesters has not been proven to reduce the incidence of any adverse pregnancy outcomes in pregnant women. A much more prophylaxis-oriented approach in periodontal treatment is needed. The adequate periodontal therapy should be completed before the conception to provide benefit to the pregnant women and also the new born baby. Orv Hetil. 2018; 159(25): 999–1007.

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Advanced Maternal Age and Adverse Maternal and Neonatal Outcomes in Pregnant Women

Current Women s Health Reviews ◽

10.2174/1573404816999201009160848 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 16 ◽

Author(s):

Reza Omani-Samani ◽

Saman Maroufizadeh ◽

Nafise Saedi ◽

Nasim Shokouhi ◽

Arezoo Esmailzadeh ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Birth Weight ◽

Preterm Birth ◽

Low Birth Weight ◽

Cesarean Section ◽

Pregnant Women ◽

Maternal Age ◽

Unwanted Pregnancy ◽

Advanced Maternal Age ◽

Neonatal Outcomes ◽

Maternal And Neonatal Outcomes

Background: Advanced maternal age is an important predictor for maternal and neonatal outcomes such as maternal mortality, low birth weight, stillbirth, preterm birth, cesarean section and preeclampsia. Objective: To determine the association of advanced maternal age and adverse maternal and neonatal outcomes in Iranian pregnant women. Methods: In this hospital-based cross-sectional study, 5117 pregnant women from 103 hospitals in Tehran, Iran, were participated in the study in 2015. The required data were gathered from hospitals which equipped to the department of obstetrics and gynecology. Advanced maternal age was considered as an independent variable and unwanted pregnancy, preeclampsia, preterm birth, cesarean section and low birth weight were considered as interested outcomes. Results: In our study, the prevalence of advanced maternal age was 12.08%. Advanced maternal age was significantly associated with higher risk of unwanted pregnancy (OR: 1.39, 95% CI: 1.12-1.73), preterm birth (OR: 1.75, 95% CI: 1.28- 2.39) and cesarean section (OR: 1.34, 95% CI: 1.03-1.74). In our study, there was no significant relationship between advanced maternal age and preeclampsia but this relationship could be clinically important (OR: 1.48, 95% CI: 0.99-2.20, P=0.052), and there is no significant relationship between advanced maternal age and low birth weight (OR: 1.08, 95% CI: 0.67-1.74, P=0.736). Conclusion: Advanced maternal age is associated with higher risk of unintended pregnancy, preterm birth and cesarean section but our findings did not support advanced maternal age as a risk factor associated with low birth weight.

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