scholarly journals Sudden Unexpected Death Caused by Cardiac Metastasization from Histiocytic Sarcoma

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (24) ◽  
pp. 12911
Author(s):  
Alessandro Feola ◽  
Paola Ciamarra ◽  
Mariavictoria De Simone ◽  
Anna Carfora ◽  
Gelsomina Mansueto ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Septic Shock ◽  
Multiple Organ Failure ◽  
Poor Prognosis ◽  
White Male ◽  
Clinical Manifestations ◽  
Multiple Organ ◽  
Histiocytic Sarcoma ◽  
Haematological Malignancies ◽  
Unexpected Death ◽  
Prompt Diagnosis

Background: Haematological malignancies, such as lymphoma and leukaemia, can have a variety of clinical manifestations. The most frequent cause of death from haematological malignancies is multiple organ failure due to neoplastic organ infiltration and/or septic shock. Histiocytic sarcoma (HS) is a rare malignant nodal or extranodal tumour with histiocytic immunophenotype that originates from a lymphohematopoietic precursor. The patients with HS usually have a poor prognosis due to its aggressive clinical behaviour. Rare cases of undiagnosed sudden HS death have been described in the literature. Methods: A forensic autopsy of a 46-year-old white male who died at home suddenly and unexpectedly without warning conditions or known diseases. Gross analysis, histology and toxicology were also performed. Results: The diagnosis of HS of the ileum with secondary nodal and cardiac metastatization was made. Conclusions: A prompt diagnosis of HS in life is paramount because it can make a difference in prognostic outcomes.

scholarly journals Blood platelets in the development of sepsis, septic shock and multiple organ failure syndrome

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (6) ◽  
pp. 1085-1096 ◽  
Author(s):  
N. B. Serebryanaya ◽  
P. P. Yakutseni
Keyword(s):  
Septic Shock ◽  
Multiple Organ Failure ◽  
Organ Failure ◽  
Selective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitors ◽  
Myocardial Dysfunction ◽  
Blood Platelets ◽  
Clinical Manifestations ◽  
Multiple Organ ◽  
Patient Death ◽  
Platelet Counts

Participation of blood platelets in the development of sepsis is clearly illustrated by hemocoagulation disorders and frequently observed thrombocytopenia. In the patients with sepsis, thrombocytopenia develops rapidly, with minimal platelet counts registered on the fourth day of observation, after which the platelet counts usually rise. Continuous thrombocytopenia and absence of a relative increase in platelets are considered predictors of patient death. The mechanisms of thrombocytopenia developing in sepsis are quite diverse, but the processes in periphery are prevailing, e.g., the so-called “platelet consumption” which is determined by their activation, chemotaxis and isolation in the microvasculature. Recently, a mechanism has been identified for the accelerated removal of platelets with desialized surface glycoproteins from the circulation. Sialidases, also known as neuraminidases, are widely present in viruses and bacteria, and pharmacological inhibition of sialidases is able to withstand thrombocytopenia in the infectious process. The key role of platelets in the development of septic shock was revealed. Sequestration of platelets in the microvessels of the lungs and brain (manifesting as thrombocytopenia) is accompanied by rapid serotonin release, thus underlying the main clinical manifestations, e.g., decreased blood pressure, heart rate and increased capillary permeability. To counteract sharp release of this mediator, pharmacological attempts are made to inhibit the SERT transporter by means of selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors. Blood platelets are key participants in the pathogenesis of multiple organ failure syndromes, such as acute renal damage, acute respiratory distress syndrome, myocardial dysfunction, and sepsis-associated encephalopathy. To restore impaired vascular permeability in these conditions, in particular, sepsis-associated encephalopathy, a pharmacological S1P receptor mimetic is under study. The review specifies possible pathogenetically significant targets that can be used to perform pharmacological correction of conditions associated with sepsis and concomitant thrombocytopenia.

scholarly journals A Case of Severe COVID-19 in a Patient with Acute Graft-versus-Host Disease after Haploidentical Transplantation

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-5
Author(s):  
Dan Han ◽  
Yuqian Sun ◽  
Rong Xie ◽  
Xiaojian Zhu ◽  
Zhaodong Zhong
Keyword(s):  
Septic Shock ◽  
Multiple Organ Failure ◽  
Graft Versus Host Disease ◽  
Poor Prognosis ◽  
Multiple Organ ◽  
Host Disease ◽  
Graft Versus Host ◽  
Haploidentical Transplantation ◽  
Disease Condition ◽  
Acute Graft

We report a case of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) after haploidentical transplantation with acute graft-versus-host disease (aGVHD). COVID-19 and aGVHD were improved under treatment with arbidol, remdesivir, methylprednisolone, and ruxolitinib. However, eventually, the patient died of septic shock and multiple organ failure. It was concluded that the disease condition of this COVID-19 patient after transplantation was serious, complex, and variable, with poor prognosis.

scholarly journals Improving the therapy of generalized forms of Meningococcal infection in children using extracorporeal hemocorrection

2021 ◽  
Vol 20 (2) ◽  
pp. 49-56
Author(s):  
K. V. Markova ◽  
E. Yu. Skripchenko ◽  
K. V. Serednyakov ◽  
Yu. V. Lobzin ◽  
N. V. Skripchenko ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Septic Shock ◽  
Multiple Organ Failure ◽  
Organ Failure ◽  
Multiple Organ ◽  
Meningococcal Infection ◽  
Basic Drug ◽  
Inflammatory Reactions ◽  
Clinical Center ◽  
Refractory Septic Shock ◽  
Group 2

Invasive meningococcal infection is a significant cause of death, reaching 80% in septic shock. The Pediatric Research and Clinical Center for Infectious Diseases (PRCCID) has developed an algorithm for the treatment of children with invasive meningococcal infection with refractory septic shock and multiple organ failure syndrome, which includes basic drug therapy with polymyxin hemoperfusion in combination with extended methods of extracorporeal hemocorrection.Purpose: to evaluate the effectiveness of extracorporeal hemocorrection operations in children with invasive meningococcal infection with refractory septic shock and multiple organ failure syndrome.Materials and research methods: to the intensive care unit of the PRCCID for the analyzed period 2006—2020 34 children were hospitalized with invasive meningococcal infection with refractory septic shock and multiple organ failure syndrome. Two groups were formed: Group 1 — children admitted to the PRCCID in the period 2014—2020 (n = 23), who underwent polymyxin hemoperfusion simultaneously with extended methods of extracorporeal hemocorrection, group 2 — children hospitalized in 2006—201 3 (n = 1 1), methods of extracorporeal hemocorrection were not performed. The Mann-Whitney U-test and ANOVA were used to evaluate the results.Results and discussion: the use of extracorporeal hemocorrection operations in the complex therapy of invasive forms of meningococcal infection with refractory septic shock and multiple organ failure syndrome in children provides stabilization of central hemodynamics, reduces clinical and laboratory inflammatory reactions, helps to reduce the dose of vasopressor drugs and parameters of respiratory support, and also increases patient survival rate by 82.6%.

Impact of Age on Septic Shock and Multiple Organ Failure

2018 ◽  
Vol 227 (4) ◽  
pp. e113-e114
Author(s):  
Norma M. Smalls ◽  
Maria F. Nunez ◽  
Gezzer Ortega ◽  
Delaram J. Taghipour
Keyword(s):  
Septic Shock ◽  
Multiple Organ Failure ◽  
Organ Failure ◽  
Multiple Organ

Septic Shock, Multiple Organ Failure, and Disseminated Intravascular Coagulation

CHEST Journal ◽  
1992 ◽  
Vol 101 (3) ◽  
pp. 816-823 ◽  
Author(s):  
Francois Fourrier ◽  
Claude Chopin ◽  
Jenny Goudemand ◽  
Sylvie Hendrycx ◽  
Claudine Caron ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Septic Shock ◽  
Multiple Organ Failure ◽  
Organ Failure ◽  
Disseminated Intravascular Coagulation ◽  
Multiple Organ ◽  
Intravascular Coagulation

scholarly journals The Beneficial Effect of Direct Peritoneal Resuscitation on Septic Shock in Rats

2011 ◽  
Vol 2011 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xingjun Luo ◽  
Daolin Jian ◽  
Zuojun Lv
Keyword(s):  
Septic Shock ◽  
Inflammatory Response ◽  
Beneficial Effect ◽  
Multiple Organ Failure ◽  
Hemorrhagic Shock ◽  
Clinical Problem ◽  
Multiple Organ ◽  
Cellular Viability ◽  
Internal Organs ◽  
Organ Systems

The high mortality associated with conventionally resuscitated septic shock and the subsequent multiple-organ failure remain a very significant and costly clinical problem. Conventional simple intravenous resuscitation (CR) from septic shock often fails to restore the progressive splanchnic vasoconstriction and hypoperfusion, and fails to reverse gut-derived systemic inflammatory response and fluid sequestration. Numerous interventions have been used to protect organ systems and cellular viability from the lethal injury accompanying hypoperfusion and ischemia but none of these efforts have been sufficient to halt or reverse the main course of the pathophysiology noted with conventional resuscitated shock. Recently, some studies have found that in hemorrhagic shock, direct peritoneal resuscitation (DPR) not only produces sustained hyperperfusion in viscera but also has immunomodulatory and anti-fluid sequestration effects. Although the etiology and pathogenesis of septic shock and hemorrhagic shock differ, both kinds of shock result in hypoperfusion of the intestines and other internal organs. In this paper, we seek to determine whether DPR has a similar therapeutic effect on septic shock/resuscitation.

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