dental disease
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2022 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nik Nur Syazana Nik Mohamed Kamal ◽  
Wan Nazatul Shima Shahidan

Periodontitis is a chronic inflammatory condition that causes tooth loss by destroying the supporting components of the teeth. In most cases, it is difficult to diagnose early and results in severe phases of the disease. Given their endogenous origins, exosomes, which are rich in peptides, lipids, and nucleic acids, have emerged as a cell-free therapeutic approach with low immunogenicity and increased safety. Because the constituents of exosomes can be reprogrammed depending on disease states, exosomes are increasingly being evaluated to act as potential diagnostic biomarkers for dental disease, including periodontitis. Exosomes also have been demonstrated to be involved in inflammatory signal transmission and periodontitis progression in vitro, indicating that they could be used as therapeutic targets for periodontal regeneration. Nevertheless, a review on the involvement of salivary exosomes in periodontitis in impacting the successful diagnosis and treatment of periodontitis is still lacking in the literature. Thus, this review is intended to scrutinize recent advancements of salivary exosomes in periodontitis treatment. We summarize recent research reports on the emerging roles and characteristics of salivary exosomes, emphasizing the different expressions and changed biological roles of exosomes in periodontitis.


2022 ◽  
Vol 2022 ◽  
pp. 1-6
Author(s):  
André João da Silva Pais Rocha Pereira ◽  
Ana Teresa Tavares ◽  
Marcelo Prates ◽  
Natacha Ribeiro ◽  
Luís Filipe Fonseca ◽  
...  

Brain abscess is a very rare condition but has a significant mortality rate. The three main routes of inoculation are trauma, contiguous focus, and the hematogenous route. The odontogenic focus is infrequent and is usually a diagnosis of exclusion. This paper presents a brain abscess case proven to be of dental origin, caused by Actinomyces meyeri and Fusobacterium nucleatum. This case highlights the risk underlying untreated dental disease and why oral infectious foci removal and good oral health are essential in primary care.


2022 ◽  
pp. 599-610
Author(s):  
Callie Fogle ◽  
Mathew Gerard
Keyword(s):  

2021 ◽  
pp. 50-56
Author(s):  
Eva Rianti ◽  
Firna Yenila ◽  
Hari Marfalino

Gingivitis is a disease in the form of abnormalities in the gingiva that can cause bleeding accompanied by swelling, redness, exudate, changes in normal contours which are sometimes considered normal by some patients even though it is considered serious by the Health Department. This study aims to educate the public in understanding the importance of knowing the condition of the body, especially the teeth that are most vulnerable to experience by the community. The lack of time required for consultation with experts resulted in this disease being left unattended. So it is necessary to develop IT-based consulting in the form of an expert system. The system is built using the certainty factor method. Certainty factor works by reading all the data submitted by the expert and gives the result in the form of the percentage of confidence the patient has gingivitis. Experts used in this system are dentists / dental specialists. The data were obtained from direct experts and the results of the consultations obtained new knowledge in the form of the percentage of the patient's confidence level with gingivitis. Data collection was obtained from Acute Gingivitis, Sub-Acute Gingivitis, Recurrent Gingivitis and Chronic Gingivitis as well as symptoms and solutions obtained from experts. This study contributes to a new service for patients who experience dental disease (gingivitis) without having to come directly to an appointed specialist. The level of accuracy of this system is quite helpful because the data source comes from direct experts so that the solution obtained can be an initial reference for patients before further treatment is carried out. The results of the study were in the form of softcopy and hardcopy that could be used as needed, based on the test data given to the patient, a 95% confidence level was obtained for the system trial results based on the patient's condition at that time. So that the results of the consultation are obtained in the form of information about the disease and the desired solution.


2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (4) ◽  
pp. 6320-6334
Author(s):  
Lucas da Silva Souza ◽  
Renata Maria Monção da Silva ◽  
Vanessa Silva Santana ◽  
Gildásio Fernandes Boaventura Andrade ◽  
Mylla Roberta Silva dos Santos

A proptose ocular está entre as afecções oculares mais recorrentes nos Cavia porcellus, ocorrendo por diversas causas, nesta espécie pode ocorrer deslocamento do globo ocular devido à compressão interna, causada pela raiz dentária. O objetivo deste trabalho é relatar dois casos em que foram realizados as técnicas de enucleação e exenteração para correção de proptose ocular secundária à síndrome da doença dentária adquirida (SDDA). Duas porquinhas-da-índia consanguíneas, acometidas de doença dentária foram atendidas, com crescimento da raiz dentária do pré-molar e molares, promovendo força e expulsão do globo ocular direito. Por não haver viabilidade tecidual, foram submetidas a cirurgia, uma com técnica de enucleação e a outra com exenteração, além disso, foram realizadas coletas de secreção para cultura com antibiograma no pré e transoperatório e histopatológico dos tecidos oculares. A aplicação das técnicas cirúrgicas mostraram-se efetivas para a correção da patologia instalada, transcorreram com cicatrização e caráter estético efetivos. O resultado das culturas bacterianas foi positivo para apenas um dos animais, com amostras no pré e trans operatório. Além de demonstrarem alterações histológicas, com caráter neutrofílico. Conclui-se que as técnicas de enucleação e exenteração são efetivas para correção de proptose nesta espécie, podendo especificar as características de cada quadro clínico.


2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Bekele Seifu ◽  
Niguse Yigzaw ◽  
Kibrom Haile ◽  
Zahira Reshid ◽  
Henock Asfaw

Abstract Background Anxiety and depression are widespread mental health problems in many populations. These problems can be major barriers to dental care and may be led to poor oral health. Objectives To assess prevalence of depression, anxiety and associated factors among patients with dental disease in Addis Ababa public hospitals outpatient department, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia, 2019. Methods An institution based cross sectional study was conducted from May 06 to June 06, 2019 among patients with dental disease attending outpatient department in Addis Ababa city administration public hospitals. Multistage sampling method was used to select study participants. Hospital Anxiety and Depression scale was used to assess anxiety and depression. Face to face interview was used to collect data and the collected data was entered into EPI data version 3.1 and analysis was done using SPSS (Statistical Package Software for Social Sciences) version 20. Bi-variable and multivariable binary logistic regression was carried out. Strength of association was determined using odds ratio with 95% CI (Confidence Interval) and p value less than 0.05 was considered as statistically significant association in the final model. Results From the total of 845 participants, 833 were studied with response rate of 98.6%. The median age of the respondent was 32 years with interquartile range (26–41 years). The prevalence of anxiety and depression were found to be 33.9% and 29.2% respectively. Being female [AOR (Adjusted Odds Ratio) 2.70 (95% CI 1.86, 3.89)], tooth extraction [AOR 3.24 (95% CI 2.11, 4.97)], history of repeat visit to dental clinic [AOR 3.21 (95% CI 2.25, 4.58)], chronic disease [AOR 2.95 (95% CI 1.98, 4.38)] and current alcohol use [AOR 3.40 (95% CI 2.28, 5.09)] were significantly associated with anxiety among patients with dental disease. Being female [AOR 2.22 (95% CI 1.53, 3.23)], Elementary educational status [AOR 2.15 (95% CI 1.28, 3.58)], periodontitis [AOR 1.74 (95% CI 1.18, 2.72)],history of repeated visit to dental clinic [AOR 4.07 (95% CI 2.84, 5.84)], current use of alcohol [AOR 4.01 (95% CI 2.68, 6.00)], current cigarette use [AOR 3.15 (95% CI 1.42, 7.00] and irregular tooth brushing [AOR 2.22 (95% CI 1.53, 3.23]were significantly associated with depression among patients with dental disease. Conclusion Anxiety and depression were high among people with dental disease. Tooth extraction and having chronic disease were significantly associated with anxiety. Elementary educational status, periodontitis, current cigarette smoking and irregular tooth brushing pattern were significant association with depression. History of repeat visit to dental clinic, current alcohol use and female sex were significantly associated with both depression and anxiety. Based on the finding of this study early screening and treating of anxiety and depression, also identifying those associated factors are important at dental clinic.


2021 ◽  
Vol 33 (3) ◽  
pp. 243
Author(s):  
Rina Putri Noer Fadilah ◽  
Ari Prayogo Pribadi ◽  
Rizki Wisnu Aji ◽  
Ramadani Kusaeri

Introduction: Knowledge is the domain of behaviour. A person's good oral health behaviour must meet the elements of good oral health knowledge. Lack of oral health knowledge is one of the causes of oral dental disease. The most common oral dental disease, particularly in elementary school, is dental caries. One of the efforts to improve oral health knowledge is to be obtained from health promotion. The COVID-19 pandemic has led to many online health promotion media. One of the health promotion media is an Android-based oral health application. The purpose of this study was to determine the effectiveness of the application of oral health on knowledge of oral health in elementary school children during the COVID-19 pandemic. Methods: Using an observational analytic method with a cross-sectional design. The sampling technique used is simple random sampling. The research instrument is a questionnaire via google form and the HI BOGI application. Analysis of the data used is the Wilcoxon test. Results: The study was conducted on 143 elementary school students in Cimahi City. 55.2% are female, and 36.4% are 12 years old. The level of knowledge of oral health before downloading the HI BOGI application was in the moderate category and became good after downloading the application. There was a significant value of knowledge before and after downloading the HI BOGI application with a significant value p<0,0000. Conclusion: There is an effect of HI BOGI to increase oral health knowledge in elementary school children.


2021 ◽  
Vol 17 (3) ◽  
pp. 13-19
Author(s):  
El'vira Surdo ◽  
Vladislav Galonsky

Subject. Dentine pathology is widely prevalent among children in many countries around the globe, which determines the relevance of consideration, organisation and performance of different forms of health education activities for this part of the population. Programmes for dental disease prevention are represented by different methods and means, the purpose of which is creation of correct skills and abilities aimed at preservation and maintenance of oral cavity health. For blind and hyposeeing children, there is absence of special technology for teaching dental culture and rational hygiene of the oral cavity. Aim – studying and analysis and literature related to forms and methods of health education activities for children with consideration for their somatic status. Methods.The study was carried out based on the search for and analysis of original articles devoted to issues of dental disease prevention among children and adolescents in the following databases: ELIBRARY, PubMed, Medline, Cyberleninka. A total of 45 sources have been analysed (25 by Russian and 20 foreign authors). Conclusions. Preventive dental care programmes for conventionally healthy children at the modern stage of development are sufficiently effective, diverse in their contents, point at the necessity of further introduction of individual preventive care activities. Few organisational forms of health education activities have been developed for children with health limitations. There is no special method for organisation of health education activities for blind and hyposeeing children. These circumstances point at the necessity of development and introduction of correction methods for primary prevention of oral cavity diseases for this category of subjects.


2021 ◽  
Vol 17 (3) ◽  
pp. 139-143
Author(s):  
Alena Abdrashitova ◽  
Rinat Saleev ◽  
Roza Safina ◽  
Nail Saleev

Subject. digital technologies used by the service of examination of temporary disability associated with a dental disease and their adoption in dental medical organizations of the Republic of Tatarstan. The aim — to develop a computer simulation program for predicting the duration of temporary disability associated with a dental disease. Results. Odontogenic inflammatory processes, which were identified in 66.1% of the cases, represented the largest proportion of causes of temporary disability in patients of dental medical organizations. Maxillofacial traumas took the second place with a proportion of 13.9% of all the causes. Diseases related to loss of teeth due to extraction were identified in 384 patients, or in 7.4% of cases, and took the third place. The authors of the study determined the duration of temporary disability for each category of dental disease in the Republic of Tatarstan, the average duration of which was 8.48 ± 0.04 days. Based on clinical statistical analysis, a matrix was created for predicting the duration of dental diseases leading to temporary disability represented by a computer software for dental medical organizations. Conclusions. Dental diseases in patients are related to the cases where treatment and rehabilitation are provided by several medical organizations; the authors created software for dentists, which predicts the duration of cases, their statistical analysis, eliminates errors in the issue of sick leave certificates, draws standard reporting statistical documents in order to provide reliable information on the state of the economically active population, to plan preventive activities, appropriate comprehensive treatment and rehabilitation of patients.


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