Mechanisms of Action of (Meth)acrylates in Hemolytic Activity, in Vivo Toxicity and Dipalmitoylphosphatidylcholine (DPPC) Liposomes Determined Using NMR Spectroscopy

Field population of Spodoptera litura from tomato ( resistant to the majority of the conventional insecticide molecules) were subjected to the in vivo toxicity of spinetoram 12 SC to assess whether cross resistance exists or not. Untreated larvae of both field and laboratory strains showed no mortality during 48 hours of feeding. After 48 hours of feeding on spinetoram 12 SC treated leaves, LC50s of field larvae were 0.28, 0.93, 3.71 and 7.11 ppm for the 2nd, 3rd, 4th and 5th instars of S. litura respectively. However, in the laboratory strain these values were 1.12, 5.86, 36.72 and 91.55 ppm for 2nd, 3rd, 4th and 5th instars of S. litura respectively. Resistance ratio was 0.25, 0.16, 0.10 and 0.08 for the 2nd instar up to the 5th instar of S. litura.

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Evaluation of the In Vivo Acute Toxicity and In Vitro Hemolytic and Immunomodulatory Activities of the Moringa oleifera Flower Trypsin Inhibitor (MoFTI)

Protein and Peptide Letters ◽

10.2174/0929866527999201113105858 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 27 ◽

Author(s):

Leydianne Leite de Siqueira Patriota ◽

Dayane Kelly Dias do Nascimento Santos ◽

Bárbara Rafaela da Silva Barros ◽

Lethícia Maria de Souza Aguiar ◽

Yasmym Araújo Silva ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Acute Toxicity ◽

Trypsin Inhibitor ◽

Hemolytic Activity ◽

Moringa Oleifera ◽

Biological Activities ◽

Hematological Parameters ◽

Behavioral Alterations ◽

Female Mice

Background: Protease inhibitors have been isolated from plants and present several biological activities, including immunomod-ulatory action. Objective: This work aimed to evaluate a Moringa oleifera flower trypsin inhibitor (MoFTI) for acute toxicity in mice, hemolytic activity on mice erythrocytes and immunomodulatory effects on mice splenocytes. Methods: The acute toxicity was evaluated using Swiss female mice that received a single dose of the vehicle control or MoFTI (300 mg/kg, i.p.). Behavioral alterations were observed 15–240 min after administration, and survival, weight gain, and water and food consumption were analyzed daily. Organ weights and hematological parameters were analyzed after 14 days. Hemolytic activity of MoFTI was tested using Swiss female mice erythrocytes. Splenocytes obtained from BALB/c mice were cultured in the absence or presence of MoFTI for the evaluation of cell viability and proliferation. Mitochondrial membrane potential (ΔΨm) and reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels were also determined. Furthermore, the culture supernatants were analyzed for the presence of cytokines and nitric oxide (NO). Results: MoFTI did not cause death or any adverse effects on the mice except for abdominal contortions at 15–30 min after administration. MoFTI did not exhibit a significant hemolytic effect. In addition, MoFTI did not induce apoptosis or necrosis in splenocytes and had no effect on cell proliferation. Increases in cytosolic and mitochondrial ROS release, as well as ΔΨm reduction, were observed in MoFTI-treated cells. MoFTI was observed to induce TNF-α, IFN-γ, IL-6, IL-10, and NO release. Conclusion: These results contribute to the ongoing evaluation of the antitumor potential of MoFTI and its effects on other immunological targets.

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Mixed Micelles as Nano Polymer Therapeutics of Docetaxel: Increased In vitro Cytotoxicity and Decreased In vivo Toxicity

Current Drug Delivery ◽

10.2174/1567201814666170621113637 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 15 (4) ◽

pp. 564-575 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

Arehalli S. Manjappa ◽

Popat S. Kumbhar ◽

Prajakta S. Khopade ◽

Ajit B. Patil ◽

John I. Disouza

Keyword(s):

Mixed Micelles ◽

In Vitro Cytotoxicity ◽

Polymer Therapeutics ◽

In Vivo Toxicity

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Biological NMR Spectroscopy

10.1093/oso/9780195094688.001.0001 ◽

1997 ◽

Keyword(s):

Nuclear Magnetic Resonance ◽

Nmr Spectroscopy ◽

Magnetic Resonance ◽

Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy ◽

State Of The Art ◽

Critical Assessment ◽

Resonance Spectroscopy ◽

History Of ◽

Structure Of Proteins

This book presents a critical assessment of progress on the use of nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy to determine the structure of proteins, including brief reviews of the history of the field along with coverage of current clinical and in vivo applications. The book, in honor of Oleg Jardetsky, one of the pioneers of the field, is edited by two of the most highly respected investigators using NMR, and features contributions by most of the leading workers in the field. It will be valued as a landmark publication that presents the state-of-the-art perspectives regarding one of today's most important technologies.

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