scholarly journals Rhododenol Activates Melanocytes and Induces Morphological Alteration at Sub-Cytotoxic Levels

2019 ◽  
Vol 20 (22) ◽  
pp. 5665 ◽  
Author(s):  
Minjeong Kim ◽  
Chang-Seok Lee ◽  
Kyung-Min Lim

Rhododenol (RD), a whitening cosmetic ingredient, was withdrawn from the market due to RD-induced leukoderma (RIL). While many attempts have been made to clarify the mechanism underlying RIL, RIL has not been fully understood yet. Indeed, affected subjects showed uneven skin pigmentation, but the features are different from vitiligo, a skin hypopigmentary disorder, alluding to events more complex than simple melanocyte cytotoxicity. Here, we discovered that rhododenol treatment reduced the number of melanocytes in a pigmented 3D human skin model, Melanoderm™, confirming the melanocyte toxicity of RD. Of note, melanocytes that survived in the RD treated tissues exhibited altered morphology, such as extended dendrites and increased cell sizes. Consistently with this, sub-cytotoxic level of RD increased cell size and elongated dendrites in B16 melanoma cells. Morphological changes of B16 cells were further confirmed in the immunocytochemistry of treated cells for actin and tubulin. Even more provoking, RD up-regulated the expression of tyrosinase and TRP1 in the survived B16 cells. Evaluation of mRNA expression of cytoskeletal proteins suggests that RD altered the cytoskeletal dynamic favoring cell size expansion and melanosome maturation. Collectively, these results suggest that RD not only induces cytotoxicity in melanocytes but also can lead to a profound perturbation of melanocyte integrity even at sub-cytotoxic levels.

2019 ◽  
Vol 54 ◽  
pp. 449-456 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kyoung Mi Moon ◽  
Youn-Hwan Hwang ◽  
Ju-Hye Yang ◽  
Jin Yeul Ma ◽  
Bonggi Lee

1996 ◽  
Vol 10 (5) ◽  
pp. 513-521 ◽  
Author(s):  
F.G. Burleson ◽  
L.C. Limardi ◽  
E.E. Sikorski ◽  
L.A. Rheins ◽  
T.A. Donnelly ◽  
...  

Author(s):  
Ryohei Hirose ◽  
Risa Bandou ◽  
Hiroshi Ikegaya ◽  
Naoto Watanabe ◽  
Takuma Yoshida ◽  
...  

2014 ◽  
Vol 227 (2) ◽  
pp. 139-149 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thalita B. Zanoni ◽  
Manoela Tiago ◽  
Fernanda Faião-Flores ◽  
Silvia B. de Moraes Barros ◽  
Aalt Bast ◽  
...  

2015 ◽  
Vol 18 (4) ◽  
pp. 578 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bradley S Simpson ◽  
Xianling Luo ◽  
Jiping Wang ◽  
Yunmei Song ◽  
David Claudie ◽  
...  

Purpose: We have previously reported that the Australian Northern Kaanju (Kuuku I’yu) medicinal plant Dodonaea polyandra has anti-inflammatory activity. This is attributed largely to the presence of clerodane diterpenoids contained within the leaf resin. We envisaged developing a topical preparation to treat indications relating to skin inflammation. However, it was unknown whether the resin could be incorporated into a suitable dosage form while retaining the therapeutic value demonstrated in previous work. Therefore, the following study was undertaken to assess parameters of safety and efficacy for a prototype formulation containing the leaf resin extracted from D. polyandra. Methods: Using the assessment criteria of optimum appearance, tactile feeling, spreadability and odour, 78 different formulations were developed. Formulation stability was assessed using a centrifugal test with preparations displaying phase separation further modified or re-formulated. A prototype formulation containing 5% w/w plant resin was selected and subjected to in vitro release studies. This was quantified through HPLC analysis using two major bioactive diterpenoids as reference. The prototype formulation was tested for efficacy in a TPA-induced acute murine skin inflammation model as well as a 3D human skin model for irritancy/toxicity (Epiderm™). Results: The prototype resin cream was a chartreuse-coloured homogenous semisolid preparation that was readily spreadable upon contact with skin with no sensation of tackiness, residual greasiness, or irritation. The optimized cream showed no phase separation after 30 min centrifugation at 825 g. In the TPA-induced inflammation model, the resin formulation significantly reduced ear thickness and interleukin-1 beta levels in mouse ear tissue. The 5% w/w resin cream formulation showed no irritancy in a 3D human skin model. Conclusions: Our results demonstrate that bioactive resin from D. polyandra can be formulated into a stable and non-irritant semi-solid dosage form and reduce parameters of acute skin inflammation in vivo. This article is open to POST-PUBLICATION REVIEW. Registered readers (see “For Readers”) may comment by clicking on ABSTRACT on the issue’s contents page.


1988 ◽  
Vol 3 (5) ◽  
pp. 265-271 ◽  
Author(s):  
Koji Komatsu

Biopolymers ◽  
2007 ◽  
Vol 87 (4) ◽  
pp. 261-274 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ali Tfayli ◽  
Olivier Piot ◽  
Florence Draux ◽  
Franck Pitre ◽  
Michel Manfait

2011 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Yoshihiro Akimoto ◽  
Yuri Miura ◽  
Tosifusa Toda ◽  
Margreet A Wolfert ◽  
Lance Wells ◽  
...  

Lipids ◽  
2010 ◽  
Vol 45 (5) ◽  
pp. 401-407 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jeung-Hyun Koo ◽  
Ikjae Lee ◽  
Seok-Kweon Yun ◽  
Han-Uk Kim ◽  
Byung-Hyun Park ◽  
...  

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