scholarly journals Multilineage Differentiation Potential of Human Dental Pulp Stem Cells—Impact of 3D and Hypoxic Environment on Osteogenesis In Vitro

2020 ◽  
Vol 21 (17) ◽  
pp. 6172
Author(s):  
Anna Labedz-Maslowska ◽  
Natalia Bryniarska ◽  
Andrzej Kubiak ◽  
Tomasz Kaczmarzyk ◽  
Malgorzata Sekula-Stryjewska ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Stem Cell ◽  
Osteogenic Differentiation ◽  
Dental Pulp ◽  
Dental Pulp Stem Cells ◽  
Osteogenic Potential ◽  
Stem Cell Population ◽  
Differentiation Potential ◽  
Human Dental Pulp

Human dental pulp harbours unique stem cell population exhibiting mesenchymal stem/stromal cell (MSC) characteristics. This study aimed to analyse the differentiation potential and other essential functional and morphological features of dental pulp stem cells (DPSCs) in comparison with Wharton’s jelly-derived MSCs from the umbilical cord (UC-MSCs), and to evaluate the osteogenic differentiation of DPSCs in 3D culture with a hypoxic microenvironment resembling the stem cell niche. Human DPSCs as well as UC-MSCs were isolated from primary human tissues and were subjected to a series of experiments. We established a multiantigenic profile of DPSCs with CD45−/CD14−/CD34−/CD29+/CD44+/CD73+/CD90+/CD105+/Stro-1+/HLA-DR− (using flow cytometry) and confirmed their tri-lineage osteogenic, chondrogenic, and adipogenic differentiation potential (using qRT-PCR and histochemical staining) in comparison with the UC-MSCs. The results also demonstrated the potency of DPSCs to differentiate into osteoblasts in vitro. Moreover, we showed that the DPSCs exhibit limited cardiomyogenic and endothelial differentiation potential. Decreased proliferation and metabolic activity as well as increased osteogenic differentiation of DPSCs in vitro, attributed to 3D cell encapsulation and low oxygen concentration, were also observed. DPSCs exhibiting elevated osteogenic potential may serve as potential candidates for a cell-based product for advanced therapy, particularly for bone repair. Novel tissue engineering approaches combining DPSCs, 3D biomaterial scaffolds, and other stimulating chemical factors may represent innovative strategies for pro-regenerative therapies.

scholarly journals Human Dental Pulp Stem Cells Exhibit Osteogenic Differentiation Potential

2020 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 229-236
Author(s):  
Sadia Awais ◽  
Samira Shabbir Balouch ◽  
Nabeela Riaz ◽  
Mahmood S Choudhery
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Osteogenic Differentiation ◽  
Dental Pulp ◽  
Histological Analysis ◽  
Morphological Changes ◽  
Dental Pulp Stem Cells ◽  
Osteogenic Potential ◽  
Proliferative Potential ◽  
Differentiation Potential ◽  
Human Dental Pulp

AbstractBone regeneration after trauma, pathologic and surgical procedures is considered a major medical challenge. Due to limitations in using conventional approaches, cell based regenerative strategies may provide an alternative option to address such issues. In the current study, we sought to determine the osteogenic potential of dental pulp stem cells (DPSCs) isolated from impacted 3rd molars. DPSCs were isolated from human dental pulp tissue (n=6) using explant culture. Growth characteristics of DPSCs were determined using plating efficiency, and the number and time of population doublings. After characterization, DPSCs were induced to differentiate into osteoblasts and were assessed using polymerase chain reactions (PCR) and histological analysis. Results indicated that DPSCs can be isolated from impacted human third molars, and that DPSCs exhibited typical fibroblastic morphology and excellent proliferative potential. In addition, morphological changes, histological analysis and expression of lineage specific genes confirmed osteogenic differentiation of DPSCs. In conclusion, DPSCs isolated from impacted 3rd molars have high proliferative potential and ability to differentiate into osteoblasts.

scholarly journals Functionalization of Polycaprolactone Scaffolds with Hyaluronic Acid and β-TCP Facilitates Migration and Osteogenic Differentiation of Human Dental Pulp Stem Cells In Vitro

2015 ◽  
Vol 21 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 729-739 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jonas Jensen ◽  
David Christian Evar Kraft ◽  
Helle Lysdahl ◽  
Casper Bindzus Foldager ◽  
Muwan Chen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Hyaluronic Acid ◽  
Osteogenic Differentiation ◽  
Dental Pulp ◽  
Dental Pulp Stem Cells ◽  
Human Dental Pulp

Association of Dental Pulp Stem Cells and Ricinus Bone Compound in a Model of Bone Defect

2020 ◽  
Vol 3 (3) ◽  
pp. 267-278
Author(s):  
Alan Jesus ◽  
Adriano Jesus ◽  
Flávia Lima ◽  
Luiz Freitas ◽  
Cássio Meira ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Bone Regeneration ◽  
Osteogenic Differentiation ◽  
Bone Defect ◽  
Dental Pulp ◽  
Dental Pulp Stem Cells ◽  
Osteogenic Potential ◽  
Autogenous Bone ◽  
Control Group

Autogenous bone grafting is needed in some bone tissue defects; however, it causes secondary surgical wounds and morbidity. Tissue bioengineering may be an alternative approach for bone regeneration. Here we investigated the osteogenic potential of dental pulp stem cells from deciduous teeth (DPSC) in association with a Ricinus bone compound (RBC) in a model of bone defect. The influence of the biomaterial RBC on the proliferation and osteogenic differentiation of DPSC was assessed in vitro by MTT metabolism and alizarin red staining, respectively. The morphologic analysis was performed using the optic and scanning electron (SEM) microscopies. For the in vivo study, 54 Wistar rats submitted to calvarial defects were filled with RBC or RBC+DPSC. A control group had the defects filled only with blood clots. Analyses were performed 15, 30 and 60 days after treatment using digital radiography, optical microscopy, SEM and chemical analysis by electron dispersive spectroscopy. The Ricinus bone compound (RBC) did not inhibit the osteogenic differentiation in vitro. No spontaneous regeneration was observed in the control group. The area of the calvarial defect of the RBC+DPSC group showed greater radiopacity on day 15. The RBC presented no reabsorption, was biocompatible and showed osteointegration, working as a mechanical filling. Only sparse ossification areas were found and those were larger and more developed on the RBC+DPSC group when compared to animals treated only with RBC. RBC in association with DPSC is a promising combination for applications in bone regeneration.  

scholarly journals Bone Regeneration Potential of Human Dental Pulp Stem Cells Derived from Elderly Patients and Osteo-Induced by a Helioxanthin Derivative

2020 ◽  
Vol 21 (20) ◽  
pp. 7731
Author(s):  
Marika Sato ◽  
Yoko Kawase-Koga ◽  
Daiki Yamakawa ◽  
Yasuyuki Fujii ◽  
Daichi Chikazu
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Elderly Patients ◽  
Osteogenic Differentiation ◽  
Dental Pulp ◽  
Young Patients ◽  
Dental Pulp Stem Cells ◽  
Proliferative Potential ◽  
Regenerative Therapy ◽  
Differentiation Potential ◽  
Human Dental Pulp

Human dental pulp stem cells (DPSCs) have high clonogenic and proliferative potential. We previously reported that a helioxanthin derivative (4-(4-methoxyphenyl)pyrido[40,30:4,5]thieno[2–b]pyridine-2-carboxamide (TH)) enhances osteogenic differentiation of DPSCs derived from young patients. However, in the clinical field, elderly patients more frequently require bone regenerative therapy than young patients. In this study, we examined and compared the osteogenic differentiation potential of TH-induced DPSCs from elderly patients and young patients to explore the potential clinical use of DPSCs for elderly patients. DPSCs were obtained from young and elderly patients and cultured in osteogenic medium with or without TH. We assessed the characteristics and osteogenic differentiation by means of specific staining and gene expression analyses. Moreover, DPSC sheets were transplanted into mouse calvarial defects to investigate osteogenesis of TH-induced DPSCs by performing micro-computed tomography (micro-CT). We demonstrated that osteogenic conditions with TH enhance the osteogenic differentiation marker of DPSCs from elderly patients as well as young patients in vitro. In vivo examination showed increased osteogenesis of DPSCs treated with TH from both elderly patients and young patients. Our results suggest that the osteogenic differentiation potential of DPSCs from elderly patients is as high as that of DPSCs from young patients. Moreover, TH-induced DPSCs showed increased osteogenic differentiation potential, and are thus a potentially useful cell source for bone regenerative therapy for elderly patients.

scholarly journals Human Serum Promotes Osteogenic Differentiation of Human Dental Pulp Stem Cells In Vitro and In Vivo

PLoS ONE ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 7 (11) ◽  
pp. e50542 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alessandra Pisciotta ◽  
Massimo Riccio ◽  
Gianluca Carnevale ◽  
Francesca Beretti ◽  
Lara Gibellini ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Human Serum ◽  
Osteogenic Differentiation ◽  
Dental Pulp ◽  
Dental Pulp Stem Cells ◽  
Human Dental Pulp

scholarly journals miR-20a-5p contributes to osteogenic differentiation of human dental pulp stem cells by regulating BAMBI and activating the phosphorylation of Smad5 and p38

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiao Cen ◽  
Xuefeng Pan ◽  
Bo Zhang ◽  
Wei Huang ◽  
Fang Pei ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Osteogenic Differentiation ◽  
Dental Pulp ◽  
Dental Pulp Stem Cells ◽  
Bone Tissue Regeneration ◽  
Luciferase Reporter ◽  
Ct Reconstruction ◽  
Osteogenic Markers ◽  
Human Dental Pulp

Abstract Background Human dental pulp stem cells (hDPSCs) are the preferable choice of seed cells for craniomaxillofacial bone tissue regeneration. As a member of the miR-17-92 cluster, miR-20a-5p functions as an important regulator during bone remodeling. This study aimed to investigate the roles and mechanisms of miR-20a-5p during osteogenesis of hDPSCs. Methods Quantitative reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) was conducted to determine the expression of miR-20a-5p during osteogenesis of hDPSCs. We interfered with the expression of miR-20a-5p in hDPSCs to clarify the function of miR-20a-5p on osteogenesis both in vitro and vivo. Direct bind sites between miR-20a-5p and BAMBI were confirmed by dual-luciferase reporter assay, and the underlying mechanisms were investigated with cell co-transfections. Results The expression of miR-20a-5p was showed to be upregulated during osteogenesis of hDPSCs. Inhibition of miR-20a-5p could weaken the intensity of ALP/ARS staining and downregulate the expression of mRNAs and proteins of osteogenic markers, while overexpression of miR-20a-5p could enhance the intensity of ALP/ARS staining and the expression of osteogenic markers. Both micro-CT reconstruction images and histological results showed that miR-20a-5p could promote the regeneration of calvarial defects. miR-20a-5p directly targeted bone morphogenetic protein and activin membrane-bound inhibitor (BAMBI), and the latter one was an inhibitor of hDPSC osteogenesis. Silencing BAMBI partially reversed the suppression effect of miR-20a-5p knockdown on osteogenesis. Phosphorylation of Smad5 and p38 was decreased when miR-20a-5p was silenced, whereas p-Smad5 and p-p38 were upregulated when miR-20a-5p was overexpressed or BAMBI was silenced. Conclusions It is demonstrated that miR-20a-5p functioned as a regulator of BAMBI to activate the phosphorylation of Smad5 and p38 during osteogenic differentiation of hDPSCs.

scholarly journals Bone regeneration potential of human dental pulp stem cells derived from elderly patients and induced by a helioxanthin derivative

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marika Sato ◽  
YOKO KAWASE-KOGA ◽  
Daiki Yamakawa ◽  
Yasuyuki Fujii ◽  
Daichi Chikazu
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Elderly Patients ◽  
Osteogenic Differentiation ◽  
Dental Pulp ◽  
Young Patients ◽  
Dental Pulp Stem Cells ◽  
Proliferative Potential ◽  
Regenerative Therapy ◽  
Differentiation Potential ◽  
Human Dental Pulp

Abstract Background: Human dental pulp stem cells (DPSCs) have the ability to differentiate into multiple lineage cell types including adipogenic, neurogenic, and osteogenic cells. Dental pulp stem cells can be easily collected from extracted teeth and are now considered to be a type of mesenchymal stem cell with higher clonogenic and proliferative potential than bone marrow stem cells. Previous studies have described the osteogenic ability of DPSCs that were isolated from only young patients. However, in fact, elderly patients more frequently require bone regenerative therapy—for example, in alveolar bone defects resulting from periodontal disease—than young patients. We previously reported that 4-(4-methoxyphenyl)pyrido[40,30:4,5]thieno[2,3-b]pyridine-2-carboxamide (TH), a helioxanthin derivative, induces osteogenic differentiation of DPSCs derived from young patients. However, the effect of TH on the osteogenic differentiation potential of DPSCs derived from elderly patients remains unknown. Therefore, the present study aimed to examine and compare the osteogenic differentiation potential of TH-induced DPSCs from elderly patients and young patients to explore the potential clinical use of DPSCs for elderly patients.Methods: Dental pulp stem cells were obtained from the dental pulp of teeth of healthy young patients (18-39 years old) and healthy elderly patients (40-67 years old) and cultured in regular medium and osteogenic medium with or without TH. We assessed the morphological characteristics, proliferation, and osteogenic differentiation of DPSCs from both young and elderly patients. Moreover, DPSC sheets were transplanted into mouse calvarial defects to investigate osteogenesis of TH-induced DPSCs in vivo.Results: We demonstrated that osteogenic conditions with TH induce the osteogenic differentiation and osteogenesis of DPSCs from elderly patients as well as young patients more than osteogenic conditions without TH. Conclusions: Our results suggested that the osteogenic differentiation potential of DPSCs from elderly patients is as high as that of DPSCs from young patients. Moreover, TH-induced DPSCs show increased osteogenic differentiation potential, and they can be a useful cell source for bone regenerative therapy for not only young patients but also elderly patients.

scholarly journals Evaluation of Antimicrobial Effect of Air-Polishing Treatments and Their Influence on Human Dental Pulp Stem Cells Seeded on Titanium Disks

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (2) ◽  
pp. 865
Author(s):  
Rosanna Di Tinco ◽  
Giulia Bertani ◽  
Alessandra Pisciotta ◽  
Laura Bertoni ◽  
Jessika Bertacchini ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Osteogenic Differentiation ◽  
Dental Pulp ◽  
Early Period ◽  
Dental Pulp Stem Cells ◽  
Titanium Implants ◽  
Bacterial Biofilm ◽  
Air Polishing ◽  
Human Dental Pulp

Dental implants are one of the most frequently used treatment options for tooth replacement, and titanium is the metal of choice due to its demonstrated superiority in resisting corrosion, lack of allergic reactions and mechanical strength. Surface roughness of titanium implants favors the osseointegration process; nevertheless, its topography may provide a suitable substrate for bacterial biofilm deposition, causing peri-implantitis and leading to implant failure. Subgingival prophylaxis treatments with cleansing powders aimed to remove the bacterial accumulation are under investigation. Two different air-polishing powders—glycine and tagatose—were assayed for their cleaning and antimicrobial potential against a Pseudomonas biofilm and for their effects on human dental pulp stem cells (hDPSCs), seeded on sandblasted titanium disks. Immunofluorescence analyses were carried out to evaluate cell adhesion, proliferation, stemness and osteogenic differentiation. The results demonstrate that both the powders have a great in vitro cleaning potential in the early period and do not show any negative effects during hDPSCs osteogenic differentiation process, suggesting their suitability for enhancing the biocompatibility of titanium implants. Our data suggest that the evaluated cleansing systems reduce microbial contamination and allow us to propose tagatose as an adequate alternative to the gold standard glycine for the air-polishing prophylaxis treatment.

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