scholarly journals Alteration of Extracellular Matrix Components in the Anterior Pituitary Gland of Neonatal Rats Induced by a Maternal Bisphenol A Diet during Pregnancy

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (23) ◽  
pp. 12667
Author(s):  
Bumpenporn Sanannam ◽  
Sasikarn Looprasertkul ◽  
Songphon Kanlayaprasit ◽  
Nakarin Kitkumthorn ◽  
Tewarit Sarachana ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Extracellular Matrix ◽  
Bisphenol A ◽  
Pituitary Gland ◽  
Anterior Pituitary ◽  
Treated Group ◽  
Anterior Pituitary Gland ◽  
Target Cells ◽  
Tissue Inhibitors Of Metalloproteinase ◽  
Extracellular Matrix Components ◽  
Adverse Effect Level

The extracellular matrix (ECM) plays crucial roles in the anterior pituitary gland via the mechanism of cell–ECM interaction. Since bisphenol A (BPA), a well-known endocrine disruptor, can cross through the placenta from mother to fetus and bind with estrogen receptors, cell populations in the neonatal anterior pituitary gland could be the target cells affected by this chemical. The present study treated maternal rats with 5000 µg/kg body weight of BPA daily throughout the pregnancy period and then investigated the changes in ECM-producing cells, i.e., pericytes and folliculostellate (FS) cells, including their ECM production in the neonatal anterior pituitary at Day 1. We found that pericytes and their collagen synthesis reduced, consistent with the increase in the number of FS cells that expressed several ECM regulators—matrix metalloproteinase (MMP) 9 and the tissue inhibitors of metalloproteinase (TIMP) family. The relative MMP9/TIMP1 ratio was extremely high, indicating that the control of ECM homeostasis was unbalanced. Moreover, transmission electron microscopy showed the unorganized cell cluster in the BPA-treated group. This study revealed that although the mother received BPA at the “no observed adverse effect” level, alterations in ECM-producing cells as well as collagen and the related ECM balancing genes occurred in the neonatal anterior pituitary gland.

scholarly journals Caveolin 3-mediated integrin β1 signaling is required for the proliferation of folliculostellate cells in rat anterior pituitary gland under the influence of extracellular matrix

2011 ◽  
Vol 210 (1) ◽  
pp. 29-36 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kotaro Horiguchi ◽  
Ken Fujiwara ◽  
Cimi Ilmiawati ◽  
Motoshi Kikuchi ◽  
Takehiro Tsukada ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Extracellular Matrix ◽  
Pituitary Gland ◽  
Signaling Pathway ◽  
Anterior Pituitary ◽  
Mapk Pathway ◽  
Mapk Signaling ◽  
Anterior Pituitary Gland ◽  
Potential Candidate ◽  
Integrin Β1 ◽  
Functional Changes

Folliculostellate (FS) cells in the anterior pituitary gland are believed to have multifunctional properties. Using transgenic rats that express green fluorescent protein (GFP) specifically in FS cells in the anterior pituitary gland (S100b-GFP rats), we recently revealed that FS cells in primary culture exhibited marked proliferation in the presence of laminin, an extracellular matrix (ECM) component of the basement membrane. In a process referred to as matricrine action, FS cells receive ECM as a signal through their receptors, which results in morphological and functional changes. In this study, we investigated matricrine signaling in FS cells and observed that the proliferation of FS cells is mediated by integrin β1, which is involved in various signaling pathways for cell migration and proliferation in response to ECM. Then, we analyzed downstream events of the integrin β1 signaling pathway in the proliferation of FS cells and identified caveolin 3 as a potential candidate molecule. Caveolin 3 is a membrane protein that binds cholesterol and a number of signaling molecules that interact with integrin β1. Using specific small interfering RNA of caveolin 3, the proliferation of FS cells was inhibited. Furthermore, caveolin 3 drove activation of the mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) signaling cascades, which resulted in upregulation of cyclin D1 in FS cells. These findings suggest that matricrine signaling in the proliferation of FS cells was transduced by a caveolin 3-mediated integrin β1 signaling pathway and subsequent activation of the MAPK pathway.

IMMUNOCHARACTERISTICS OF OESTROGEN AND ANDROGEN TARGET CELLS IN THE ANTERIOR PITUITARY GLAND OF THE CHICK EMBRYO AS DEMONSTRATED BY A COMBINED METHOD OF AUTORADIOGRAPHY AND IMMUNOHISTOCHEMISTRY

1980 ◽  
Vol 86 (2) ◽  
pp. 245-NP ◽  
Author(s):  
J.-M. GASC ◽  
M. SAR ◽  
W. E. STUMPF
Keyword(s):  
Chick Embryo ◽  
Pituitary Gland ◽  
Anterior Pituitary ◽  
Feedback Regulation ◽  
Anterior Pituitary Gland ◽  
Target Cells ◽  
Combined Method ◽  
Gonadotrophin Secretion ◽  
Positive Immunoreactivity ◽  
Autoradiographic Technique

The distribution of oestrogen and androgen target cells in the anterior pituitary gland of the chick embryo on days 10, 12 and 15 of incubation was studied 1 h after the injection of tritium-labelled steroid hormone using the thaw–mount autoradiographic technique. Oestradiol target cells were localized in the caudal zone that corresponds to the so-called 'caudal lobe', while androgen target cells were found throughout the rostral and caudal lobes of the anterior pituitary gland. With a combined autoradiography and immunohistochemistry technique, most of the oestrogen target cells showed immunoreactivity to turkey LH antiserum but not to adrenocorticotrophin (1–24) and β-thyrotrophin antisera. In contrast, androgen target cells did not show positive immunoreactivity to the three antisera used. The results suggested a direct and early involvement of oestrogens but not of androgens in the feedback regulation of pituitary gonadotrophin secretion in the chick embryo.

UPTAKE AND BINDING OF ANDROGENS BY THE ANTERIOR PITUITARY GLAND, HYPOTHALAMUS, PREOPTIC AREA AND BRAIN CORTEX OF RATS

1974 ◽  
Vol 76 (3) ◽  
pp. 417-430 ◽  
Author(s):  
Oddvar Næss ◽  
Arne Attramadal
Keyword(s):  
Pituitary Gland ◽  
Muscle Tissue ◽  
Anterior Pituitary ◽  
Brain Cortex ◽  
Preoptic Area ◽  
Anterior Pituitary Gland ◽  
Radioactive Material ◽  
Ventral Prostate ◽  
Target Cells ◽  
The Brain

ABSTRACT [1,2-3H] testosterone was given intramuscularly to castrated adult male and female rats. The concentration of radioactivity in the anterior pituitary gland, hypothalamus, preoptic area, brain cortex, ventral prostate and muscle tissue was measured at different time intervals. In the ventral prostate a preferential concentration and retention of radioactivity was recorded. In the anterior pituitary, hypothalamus, preoptic area and brain cortex, however, the maximum uptake was observed 7½ min after the injection of the hormone. Thereafter the radioactivity rapidly declined. Non-labelled testosterone was found to compete with the radioactive testosterone for the binding sites in the anterior pituitary, hypothalamus and preoptic area. High doses of non-labelled testosterone caused a slight, and statistically insignificant reduction of the radioactivity in the brain cortex. The concentration of radioactivity in the muscle tissue was not affected by any of the doses of non-radioactive testosterone given. Filtration of serum on Sephadex G-25 columns showed that considerable amounts of radioactivity were associated with macromolecules. Therefore in order to get a valid record of the binding of androgens to the specific molecules of the target cells, perfusion of the vascular system was essential. In vivo and in vitro experiments revealed that considerable amounts of radioactive material were bound to macromolecules in the cytosol fractions of the anterior pituitary gland, hypothalamus, preoptic area and brain cortex. Thus for the first time a binding of androgens by macromolecules in the cytosol fraction of the preoptic area and brain cortex has been found. Since association of androgens with plasma constituents can be excluded, the radioactive material is most likely bound to specific binding molecules present in the target cells of the anterior pituitary gland, hypothalamus, preoptic area and the brain cortex.

Effects of estrogens on the characteristics of [3H]spiroperidol and [3H]RU24213 binding in rat anterior pituitary gland and brain

1979 ◽  
Vol 16 (2) ◽  
pp. 99-112 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thérèse Di Paolo ◽  
Réjean Carmichael ◽  
Fernand Labrie ◽  
Jean-Pierre Raynaud
Keyword(s):  
Pituitary Gland ◽  
Anterior Pituitary ◽  
Anterior Pituitary Gland
Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document