scholarly journals Unusual Behavior of Xylosandrus compactus (Coleoptera: Scolytinae) on Carob Trees in a Mediterranean Environment

Insects ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 82 ◽  
Author(s):  
Antonio Gugliuzzo ◽  
Giulio Criscione ◽  
Giovanna Tropea Garzia
Keyword(s):  
Ceratonia Siliqua ◽  
Mediterranean Environment ◽  
Unusual Behavior ◽  
Carob Tree ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Ceratonia Siliqua L ◽  
The One ◽  
Management Recommendations ◽  
First Time ◽  
Black Twig Borer

Xylosandrus compactus (Eichhoff), commonly known as the black twig borer, was reported in Sicily (Italy) at the end of 2016, infesting Carob tree (Ceratonia siliqua L.) twigs, large branches, and trunks. Previous research indicated that X. compactus attacks only small twigs and branches, not large branches and tree trunks. This unusual behavior was monitored through the two following years in five sites in Ragusa province (Sicily, Italy). For each of the monitored sites, the diameter of the infested trunks and branches was recorded. Samples of branches and trunks presenting galleries were removed from the trees and analyzed in the laboratory. Xylosandrus compactus occurred on branches of all monitored trees, while the percentage of infested trunks of carob trees ranged from 60% to 80%. Inside the infested galleries, all biological stages of X. compactus were found. Infestations were also recorded on trunks and branches with diameters greater than 80 cm and 30 cm, respectively. The mean number of X. compactus specimens inside the galleries was recorded and gallery shape was described. Unordinary behaviors, like the one described here for the first time, can affect the current efficiency of management recommendations.

scholarly journals Anti-Cancer Activity and Phenolic Content of Extracts Derived from Cypriot Carob (Ceratonia siliqua L.) Pods Using Different Solvents

Molecules ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 26 (16) ◽  
pp. 5017
Author(s):  
Gregoria Gregoriou ◽  
Christiana M. Neophytou ◽  
Alexandru Vasincu ◽  
Yiota Gregoriou ◽  
Haria Hadjipakkou ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Specific Activity ◽  
Ceratonia Siliqua ◽  
Total Polyphenol ◽  
Extraction Solvent ◽  
Anti Cancer ◽  
Carob Tree ◽  
Anti Oxidant ◽  
Breast Cells ◽  
Ceratonia Siliqua L ◽  
First Time

Extracts derived from the Ceratonia siliqua L. (carob) tree have been widely studied for their ability to prevent many diseases mainly due to the presence of polyphenolic compounds. In this study, we explored, for the first time, the anti-cancer properties of Cypriot carobs. We produced extracts from ripe and unripe whole carobs, pulp and seeds using solvents with different polarities. We measured the ability of the extracts to inhibit proliferation and induce apoptosis in cancer and normal immortalized breast cells, using the MTT assay, cell cycle analysis and Western Blotting. The extracts’ total polyphenol content and anti-oxidant action was evaluated using the Folin–Ciocalteu method and the DPPH assay. Finally, we used LC-MS analysis to identify and quantify polyphenols in the most effective extracts. Our results demonstrate that the anti-proliferative capacity of carob extracts varied with the stage of carob maturity and the extraction solvent. The Diethyl-ether and Ethyl acetate extracts derived from the ripe whole fruit had high Myricetin content and also displayed specific activity against cancer cells. Their mechanism of action involved caspase-dependent and independent apoptosis. Our results indicate that extracts from Cypriot carobs may have potential uses in the development of nutritional supplements and pharmaceuticals.

Assessing the volatile profile of carob tree (Ceratonia siliqua L.)

2019 ◽  
Vol 26 (35) ◽  
pp. 35365-35374 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andriana Krokou ◽  
Marinos Stylianou ◽  
Agapios Agapiou
Keyword(s):  
Ceratonia Siliqua ◽  
Volatile Profile ◽  
Carob Tree ◽  
Ceratonia Siliqua L

Microsporogenesis and anther culture in carob tree (Ceratonia siliqua L.)

2005 ◽  
Vol 104 (1) ◽  
pp. 65-77 ◽  
Author(s):  
Luísa Custódio ◽  
Maria Filomena Carneiro ◽  
Anabela Romano
Keyword(s):  
Anther Culture ◽  
Ceratonia Siliqua ◽  
Carob Tree ◽  
Ceratonia Siliqua L

scholarly journals Evaluation of Physicochemical, Functional and Sensory Properties of Carob Pulp Beverage (Ceratonia Siliqua L)

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (3) ◽  
pp. 611-618
Author(s):  
Mouad Achchoub ◽  
Hanane Azzouzi ◽  
Loubna Elhajji ◽  
Mohammed Benbati ◽  
Kaoutar Elfazazi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sensory Analysis ◽  
Animal Feed ◽  
Preference Test ◽  
Human Consumption ◽  
Ceratonia Siliqua ◽  
Mountain Areas ◽  
Titrable Acidity ◽  
Carob Tree ◽  
Ceratonia Siliqua L ◽  
Gallic Acid Equivalent

In Morocco, carob tree (Ceratonia siliqua L.) is of considerable socio-economic importance, helping to improve the income of rural populations and to develop the economy of mountain areas. However, the primary use of the carob’s pulp is generally limited in Morocco to animal feed. As a result, the current research suggests a novel pulp-based product designed for human consumption. The main purpose of this work is to characterize a new formulated carob beverage and assess its physicochemical, biochemical, and sensory quality. Two formulas of carob beverages were prepared with two different sugar concentrations (formula A:5 g/100 mL sugar; formula B: 10 g/100 mL sugar). Measurements of pH, titrable acidity, and colour were performed to assess the physicochemical parameters. Total polyphenols and tannins contents were determined as important functional and biochemical parameters. Regarding sensory analysis, preference test, triangle test, hedonic test, and descriptive test, were evaluated. The colour of the two formulations was dark red orange, as determined by chromameter method. For formulae A and B, the titrable acidity was (1.450±0.025) g Citric Acid Equivalent (CAE) /L and (1.450±0.031) CAE g/L, respectively, and the Brix was (11.67±0.22) °Bx and (15.33±0.22) °Bx, respectively. The polyphenols content was (98.8±0.0019) mg Gallic Acid Equivalent (GAE) /100 mL for formula A and (97.7000±0.0017) mg GAE/100 mL for formula B. The tannin level was (24.500± 0.027) mg Catechin (CE)/100 mL and (25.400±0.017) mg CE/100 mL for the formula A and formula B samples, respectively. The sensory analysis tests revealed a distinct difference between the two formulae. In fact, the formula B was highly preferred compared to formula A, also the most prominent features in the drink were colour, smell, flavour, and sweetness.

Evaluation of the antimalarial activity of extracts of carob tree (Ceratonia siliqua L.)

Planta Medica ◽  
2008 ◽  
Vol 74 (09) ◽  
Author(s):  
L Custódio ◽  
L Marques ◽  
A Mayor ◽  
P Alonso ◽  
F Alberício ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antimalarial Activity ◽  
Ceratonia Siliqua ◽  
Carob Tree ◽  
Ceratonia Siliqua L

scholarly journals Use of Tramadol or Other Analgesics in Patients Treated in the Emergency Department as a Risk Factor for Opioid Use

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
Jorge Enrique Machado-Alba ◽  
Laura Sofía Serna-Echeverri ◽  
Luis Fernando Valladales-Restrepo ◽  
Manuel Enrique Machado-Duque ◽  
Andrés Gaviria-Mendoza
Keyword(s):  
Emergency Departments ◽  
Proportional Hazards ◽  
Cox Proportional Hazards ◽  
Opioid Use ◽  
Proportional Hazards Regression ◽  
The Mean ◽  
One Year ◽  
The One ◽  
First Time

The objective of this cohort study was to determine the association between the use of tramadol in emergency departments and the later consumption of opioids at the outpatient level in a group of patients from Colombia. Based on a medication dispensation database, patients over 18 years of age treated in different clinics in Colombia who for the first time received tramadol, dipyrone, or a nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) in the emergency room between January and December 2018 were identified. Three mutually exclusive cohorts were created, and each patient was followed up for 12 months after the administration of the analgesic to identify new formulations of any opioid. A Cox proportional-hazards regression model was constructed to identify variables associated with receiving a new opioid. A total of 12,783 patients were identified: 6020 treated with dipyrone, 5309 treated with NSAIDs, and 1454 treated with tramadol. The mean age was 47.1 ± 20.4 years, and 61.6% were women. A total of 17.3% (n = 2207) of all patients received an opioid during follow-up. Those treated with tramadol received a new opioid with a higher frequency (n = 346, 23.8%) than the other cohorts (14.7% NSAIDs and 17.9% dipyrone, both p < 0.001 ). In the tramadol group, using more than 10 mg of morphine equivalents was associated with a greater use of new opioids (HR:1.47, 95%CI:1.12–1.93). Patients treated with tramadol in emergency departments have a higher risk of opioid use at the one-year follow-up than those treated with NSAIDs or dipyrone.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document