scholarly journals Foraging Behavior and Pollen Transport by Flower Visitors of the Madeira Island Endemic Echium candicans

Insects ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (6) ◽  
pp. 488
Author(s):  
Fabiana Esposito ◽  
Ricardo Costa ◽  
Mário Boieiro
Keyword(s):  
Apis Mellifera ◽  
Foraging Behavior ◽  
Bombus Terrestris ◽  
High Mobility ◽  
Endemic Plant ◽  
Flower Visitor ◽  
Flower Visitors ◽  
Island Endemic ◽  
Pollen Loads ◽  
Pollen Transport

The study of flower visitor behavior and pollen transport dynamics within and between plants can be of great importance, especially for threatened or rare plant species. In this work, we aim to assess the flower visitor assemblage of the Madeiran endemic Echium candicans and evaluate the performance of the most common visitors through the analysis of their foraging behavior and pollen loads. The flower visitor assemblage of E. candicans is diverse, including several insect groups and the endemic lizard Teira dugesii, but bees are the most common visitors. In general, large bees (Amegilla quadrifasciata, Apis mellifera, and Bombus spp.) had the highest average visitation rates (>18 flowers/min) and their pollen loads had higher percentages of homospecific pollen (>66%) when compared with butterflies and hoverflies. The honeybee (Apis mellifera) and two bumblebees (Bombus terrestris and B. ruderatus) were the most efficient flower visitors of E. candicans, but their foraging behavior seems to favor geitonogamy. Other visitors, such as butterflies and the small bee Lasioglossum wollastoni, may have a complementary role to the honeybee and bumblebee species, as their high mobility is associated with fewer flower visits on each plant and may promote xenogamy. Two non-native bees (A. mellifera and B. ruderatus) are important flower visitors of E. candicans and may contribute mostly to self-pollination rendering the endemic plant more vulnerable to inbreeding effects.

scholarly journals Abundance of eggplant (Solanum melongena L.) flower visitors in Lalitpur, Nepal

2018 ◽  
pp. 101-104
Author(s):  
R. P. Mainali ◽  
R. B. Thapa ◽  
Y. P. Giri
Keyword(s):  
Apis Mellifera ◽  
Field Experiment ◽  
Rainy Season ◽  
Solanum Melongena ◽  
Animal Science ◽  
Flower Visitor ◽  
Flower Visitors ◽  
Lepidopteran Insects ◽  
Sweep Net ◽  
Growing Crop

 In order to determine the abundance of insect flower visitors in growing crop of eggplant, Solanum melongena L., a field experiment was conducted in Khumaltar, Laliptur during summer-rainy season of 2012 to 2014. The insect flower visitors were monitored weekly by end-to-end walk method using sweep net at different time of the day, viz. 7-8 am, 12-1 pm and 4-5 pm. Then collected insects were identified using the reference insects/books available in Insect Museum of Entomology Division, NARC, Khumaltar. This study revealed that Hymenopteran were found to be the most dominant (90.75%) flower visitors; followed by Lepidopteran insects (9.25%). Among the identified insect species, Bombus sp. (60.22%) was the most frequently collected bees as flower visitor of eggplant followed by Apis mellifera L., A. cerana F., Syntomis sp. in all three years of field study. Other flower visitors, such as Anthophora sp., Andrena sp. and Halictus sp. were also found visiting the eggplant flower but their occurrence was minimal. Significantly (p<0.05) higher number of insects visited the eggplant flowers at 7-8 am (58.48%) followed by those visiting during 4-5 pm (28.97%) and 12-1 pm (12.54%), respectively. For adequate pollination and healthy production of eggplant, conservation and utilization of flower visitors and their role in pollination is imperative. Journal of the Institute of Agriculture and Animal Science. Vol. 33-34, 2015, page: 101-104

scholarly journals Comparative Foraging Behavior of Apis Cerana F. and Apis Mellifera L. in Rapeseed under Cage Condition in Chitwan, Nepal

2014 ◽  
Vol 2 (4) ◽  
pp. 483-487
Author(s):  
Rameshwor Pudasaini ◽  
Resham Bahadur Thapa
Keyword(s):  
Apis Mellifera ◽  
Foraging Behavior ◽  
Apis Cerana ◽  
Lower Number ◽  
Pollen Collection ◽  
Cage Condition

An experiment was conducted to determine the foraging behavior of Apis mellifera L. and Apis cerana F. in rapeseed under cage condition in Chitwan, Nepal during 2012-2013. This experiment showed that Apis cerana F. foraged extra 42 minute per day as compared to Apis mellifera L. Apis cerana F. were more attracted to nectar, whereas Apis mellifera L. were more attracted to pollen collection throughout the day. The activities, in into hives and out from hives, for both species were recorded more at 2:00 pm and least at 8:00 am. The highest in-out were observed at 2:00 pm on both species as Apis mellifera L. 44.33 bees entered into hives and 49.66 bees went out of hives, whereas lower number of Apis cerana F. 43.66 bees entered into hives and 48.16 bees were out of hives. Apis mellifera L. collect 1.22:1 and 0.41:1 pollen nectar ratio at 10:00 am and 4:00 am whereas at same hours Apis cerana collect 1.16:1 and 0.30:1 pollen nectar ratio. Apis cerana F. foraged significantly higher number of rapeseed flowers and plants as compared to Apis mellifera L. under caged condition. It shows that Apis cerana F. was more efficient pollinator as compared to Apis mellifera L. under caged condition. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/ijasbt.v2i4.11238Int J Appl Sci Biotechnol, Vol. 2(4): 483-487  

scholarly journals Daily distribution of pollen collection by honeybee foragers (Apis mellifera L.)

2012 ◽  
Vol 59 (1) ◽  
pp. 271-278
Author(s):  
Joanna Klepacz-Baniak ◽  
Krystyna Czekońska
Keyword(s):  
Apis Mellifera ◽  
Pollen Collection ◽  
Pollen Loads

In May, July and September pollen loads samples were collected from 20 honeybee colonies, during 4 days at fixed hours. The pollen loads were classified into botanical taxons. Pollen loads of every examined taxon were collected during the whole day. The daily dynamics of pollen collection depends more on time of the day than temperature.

scholarly journals Genetic diversity among queen bee, worker bees and larvae in terms of retrotransposon movements

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Levent Mercan ◽  
Cihat Erdem Bulbul ◽  
Sevgi Marakli
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Apis Mellifera ◽  
Close Relationships ◽  
Triticum Turgidum ◽  
Bombus Terrestris ◽  
Model Organism ◽  
Evolutionary Relationships ◽  
Apis Mellifera Caucasica ◽  
Queen Larvae ◽  
Honeybee Genome

Abstract Objective Honeybee (Apis mellifera L.) is a model organism, contributing significant effect on global ecology by pollination and examining due to its social behaviour. Methods In this study, barley-specific Sukkula and Nikita retrotransposons were analysed using IRAP (Inter-Retrotransposon Amplification Polymorphism) marker technique, and the relationships between retrotransposon movements and development were also investigated in three different colonies of the Caucasian bee (Apis mellifera caucasica). Furthermore, transposon sequences belonging to Apis mellifera, Bombus terrestris, Triticum turgidum and Hordeum vulgare were also examined to figure out evolutionary relationships. Results For this purpose, a queen bee, five worker bees, and five larvae from each colony were studied. Both retrotransposons were found in all samples in three colonies with different polymorphism ratios (0-100% for Nikita and 0-67% for Sukkula). We also determined polymorphisms in queen-worker (0-83% for Nikita, 0-63% for Sukkula), queen-larvae (0-83% for Nikita, 0-43% for Sukkula) and worker-larvae comparisons (0-100% for Nikita, 0-63% for Sukkula) in colonies. Moreover, close relationships among transposons found in plant and insect genomes as a result of in silico evaluations to verify experimental results. Conclusion This work could be one of the first studies to analyse plant-specific retrotransposons’ movements in honeybee genome. Results are expected to understand evolutionary relationships in terms of horizontal transfer of transposons among kingdoms.

EFFECTS OF HONEY BEE (APIS MELLIFERA L.) QUEEN MANDIBULAR GLAND PHEROMONE ON FORAGING AND BROOD REARING

1992 ◽  
Vol 124 (2) ◽  
pp. 409-418 ◽  
Author(s):  
Heather A. Higo ◽  
Simon J. Colley ◽  
Mark L. Winston ◽  
Keith N. Slessor
Keyword(s):  
Apis Mellifera ◽  
Honey Bee ◽  
Mandibular Gland ◽  
Queen Mandibular Pheromone ◽  
Brood Rearing ◽  
Pollen Loads ◽  
Population Peak ◽  
Queen Mandibular Gland Pheromone ◽  
Dose Dependent Increase ◽  
Dose Dependent

AbstractWe investigated the effects of synthetic honey bee (Apis mellifera L.) queen mandibular gland pheromone on colony foraging and brood rearing. Colonies newly established in the spring showed a significant, dose-dependent increase in the number of foragers gathering pollen, and individual pollen foragers returned to the nest with larger pollen loads. These two effects combined resulted in a doubling of the amount of pollen brought into colonies by foraging bees. Brood rearing also increased, but not significantly. In contrast, large, established colonies showed no effects at their summer population peak. We conclude that queen mandibular pheromone can significantly affect foraging, but its effects depend on colony conditions and environmental factors.

scholarly journals Foraging Preference of Apis cerana F. and Apis mellifera L. to Broccoli under Caged and Open Conditions in Chitwan

2005 ◽  
Vol 26 ◽  
pp. 167-168 ◽  
Author(s):  
FR Devkota ◽  
RB Thapa
Keyword(s):  
Apis Mellifera ◽  
Key Words ◽  
Foraging Behavior ◽  
Apis Cerana ◽  
Foraging Preference

A study was conducted to evaluate foraging behavior of Apis cerana F. and A. mellifera L. in broccoli blooms under caged and open conditions in Chitwan, Nepal during 1999-2000. The study showed that both the bee species preferred open plot for foraging and A. cerana F. foraged significantly (P < 0.05) higher number of broccoli flowers (an average of 11.39 and 12.11 flowers per minute) as compared to A. mellifera L. (an average of 9.03 and 10.89 flowers per minute) under caged and open conditions, respectively. The number of bees foraging per plant was not significantly different, showing broccoli bloom equally preferable to both honeybee species. Key words: Apis cerana F., A. mellifera L., foraging, broccoli blooms, open and caged plots J. Inst. Agric. Anim. Sci. 26:167-168 (2005)

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