scholarly journals Efficacy of Exercise on Postneedling Soreness: A Randomized Controlled Trial

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (23) ◽  
pp. 5527
Author(s):  
Nicola Sante Diciolla ◽  
Celia Pérez-Clemente ◽  
Marta Cámara-Caballero ◽  
Alberto Matienzo-Barreto ◽  
Alba Real-Rodríguez ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gastrocnemius Muscle ◽  
Mixed Model ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Isometric Exercise ◽  
Pressure Pain Threshold ◽  
Medial Gastrocnemius ◽  
Post Intervention ◽  
Myofascial Trigger Points ◽  
Medial Gastrocnemius Muscle ◽  
Over Time

This study aimed to investigate the efficacy of concentric, eccentric, and isometric exercise protocols on the postneedling soreness (PNS) after the dry needling (DN) of latent myofascial trigger points (MTrP) in the medial gastrocnemius muscle. A randomized clinical trial was carried out. Volunteers, ≥18 years old, with a latent MTrP in the medial gastrocnemius muscle were included. Subjects with contraindications to DN, active MTrPs, and/or other treatments in MTrPs in the 3 months prior to recruitment were excluded. A total of 69 participants were randomly allocated to four groups, where post-DN intervention consisted of an eccentric, concentric, or isometric exercise, or no exercise, and they were assessed for PNS intensity (visual analog scale (pVAS)), pressure pain threshold (PPT, analog algometer), pain intensity (nVAS), and local twitch responses (LTRs) during DN, as well as demographics and anthropometrics. The mixed-model analyses of variance showed significant interaction between time and pVAS, and between time and PPT (p < 0.001). While the multivariate test confirmed that PNS and PPT improved over time within each group, specifically between 6–12 h post-intervention, the post hoc analyses did not show significant differences between groups. The mixed-model analyses of covariance showed a significant nVAS effect (p < 0.01) on PNS decrease, and some effect of the LTRs (p < 0.01) and sex (p = 0.08) on PPT changes. All groups improved PNS and PPT, but none of them showed a greater improvement above the others. The most dramatic decrease was observed between 6–12 h post-exercise, although concentric and eccentric exercise had an effect immediately after the intervention. Between all potential modifiers, pain during DN significantly influenced PNS progression, while LTRs and sex seemed to determine PPT course over time.

The effect of long-term immobilization on the motor unit population of the cat medial gastrocnemius muscle

Neuroscience ◽  
1981 ◽  
Vol 6 (4) ◽  
pp. 725-739 ◽  
Author(s):  
R.F. Mayer ◽  
R.E. Burke ◽  
J. Toop ◽  
J.A. Hodgson ◽  
K. Kanda ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Motor Unit ◽  
Gastrocnemius Muscle ◽  
Medial Gastrocnemius ◽  
Medial Gastrocnemius Muscle

Voluntary control of forward leaning posture relates to low-frequency neural inputs to the medial gastrocnemius muscle

2019 ◽  
Vol 68 ◽  
pp. 187-192 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tatsunori Watanabe ◽  
Ippei Nojima ◽  
Hideshi Sugiura ◽  
Basma Yacoubi ◽  
Evangelos A. Christou
Keyword(s):  
Gastrocnemius Muscle ◽  
Low Frequency ◽  
Voluntary Control ◽  
Medial Gastrocnemius ◽  
Medial Gastrocnemius Muscle

Activity and motor unit size in partially denervated rat medial gastrocnemius

1994 ◽  
Vol 76 (6) ◽  
pp. 2663-2671 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. J. Einsiedel ◽  
A. R. Luff
Keyword(s):  
Motor Unit ◽  
Gastrocnemius Muscle ◽  
Motor Units ◽  
Ventral Root ◽  
Treadmill Walking ◽  
Medial Gastrocnemius ◽  
Unit Size ◽  
Partial Denervation ◽  
Motoneuron Activity ◽  
Medial Gastrocnemius Muscle

The aim of the study was to determine whether increased motoneuron activity induced by treadmill walking would alter the extent of motoneuron sprouting in the partially denervated rat medial gastrocnemius muscle. An extensive partial denervation was effected by unilateral section of the L5 ventral root, and it is very likely that all units remaining in the medial gastrocnemius were used in treadmill walking. Rats were trained for 1.5 h/day and after 14 days were walking at least 1 km/day. Motor unit characteristics were determined 24 days after the partial denervation and were compared with units from partially denervated control (PDC) animals and with units from normal (control) animals. In PDC rats, force developed by slow, fast fatigue-resistant, and fast intermediate-fatigable motor units increased substantially compared with control animals; that of fast-fatigable units did not increase. In partially denervated exercised animals, force developed by slow and fast-fatigue-resistant units showed no further increase, but fast-intermediate- and fast-fatigable units showed significant increases compared with those in PDC animals. The changes in force were closely paralleled by changes in innervation ratios. We concluded that neuronal activity is an important factor in determining the rate of motoneuron sprouting.

Fast-to-Slow Conversion Following Chronic Low-Frequency Activation of Medial Gastrocnemius Muscle in Cats. II. Motoneuron Properties

1997 ◽  
Vol 77 (5) ◽  
pp. 2605-2615 ◽  
Author(s):  
John B. Munson ◽  
Robert C. Foehring ◽  
Lorne M. Mendell ◽  
Tessa Gordon
Keyword(s):  
Gastrocnemius Muscle ◽  
Low Frequency ◽  
Motor Units ◽  
Input Resistance ◽  
Medial Gastrocnemius ◽  
Excitatory Postsynaptic Potential ◽  
Chronic Stimulation ◽  
General Hypothesis ◽  
Slow Type ◽  
Medial Gastrocnemius Muscle

Munson, John B., Robert C. Foehring, Lorne M. Mendell, and Tessa Gordon. Fast-to-slow conversion following chronic low-frequency activation of medial gastrocnemius muscle in cats. II. Motoneuron properties. J. Neurophysiol. 77: 2605–2615, 1997. Chronic stimulation (for 2–3 mo) of the medial gastrocnemius (MG) muscle nerve by indwelling electrodes renders the normally heterogeneous MG muscle mechanically and histochemically slow (type SO). We tested the hypothesis that motoneurons of MG muscle thus made type SO by chronic stimulation would also convert to slow phenotype. Properties of all single muscle units became homogeneously type SO (slowly contracting, nonfatiguing, nonsagging contraction during tetanic activation). Motoneuron electrical properties were also modified in the direction of type S, fatigue-resistant motor units. Two separate populations were identified (on the basis of afterhyperpolarization, rheobase, and input resistance) that likely correspond to motoneurons that had been fast (type F) or type S before stimulation. Type F motoneurons, although modified by chronic stimulation, were not converted to the type S phenotype, despite apparent complete conversion of their muscle units to the slow oxidative type (type SO). Muscle units of the former type F motor units were faster and/or more powerful than those of the former type S motor units, indicating some intrinsic regulation of motor unit properties. Experiments in which chronic stimulation was applied to the MG nerve cross-regenerated into skin yielded changes in motoneuron properties similar to those above, suggesting that muscle was not essential for the effects observed. Modulation of group Ia excitatory postsynaptic potential (EPSP) amplitude during high-frequency trains, which in normal MG motoneurons can be either positive or negative, was negative in 48 of 49 chronically stimulated motoneurons. Negative modulation is characteristic of EPSPs in motoneurons of most fatigue-resistant motor units. The general hypothesis of a periphery-to-motoneuron retrograde mechanism was supported, although the degree of control exerted by the periphery may vary: natural type SO muscle appears especially competent to modify motoneuron properties. We speculate that activity-dependent regulation of the neurotrophin-(NT) 4/5 in muscle plays an important role in controlling muscle and motoneuron properties.

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