scholarly journals Drug Use among Nursing Home Residents in Denmark for Drugs Having Pharmacogenomics Based (PGx) Dosing Guidelines: Potential for Preemptive PGx Testing

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 78
Author(s):  
Charlotte Vermehren ◽  
Regitze Søgaard Nielsen ◽  
Steffen Jørgensen ◽  
Anne Mette Drastrup ◽  
Niels Westergaard
Keyword(s):  
Nursing Home ◽  
Drug Interaction ◽  
Drug Use ◽  
Drug Interactions ◽  
Elderly Population ◽  
Nursing Home Residents ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Gene Interactions ◽  
Capital Region ◽  
Medication Reviews

Background: Polypharmacy is most prevalent among the elderly population and in particular among nursing home residents. The frequency of the use of drugs with pharmacogenomics (PGx)-based dosing guidelines for CYP2D6, CYP2C9, CYP2C19 and SLCO1B1 were measured among nursing home residents in the Capital Region of Denmark as well as drug–drug interactions. The aim was to evaluate the potential of applying PGx-test as a supportive tool in medication reviews. Methods: Drug use among nursing home residents during 2017–2018 in the Capital Region of Copenhagen, for drugs with PGx-based dosing guidelines available through the PharmGKB website, were measured. Drug–drug interactions were scored in severity by using drug interaction checkers. Results: The number of residents using drugs with PGx-based actionable dosing guidelines (AG) were 119 out of 141 residents (84.3%). Of these 119 residents, 87 residents used drugs with AG for CYP2C19, 47 residents for CYP2D6, and 42 residents for SLCO1B1. In addition, 30 residents used two drugs with an AG for CYP2C19, and for CYP2D6, it was only seven residents. The most used drugs with AG were clopidogrel (42), pantoprazole (32), simvastatin (30), metoprolol (25), and citalopram (24). The most frequent drug interactions found with warnings were combinations of proton pump inhibitors and clopidogrel underscoring the potential for phenoconversion. Conclusion: this study clearly showed that the majority of the nursing home residents were exposed to drugs or drug combinations for which there exist PGx-based AG. This indeed supports the notion of accessing and accounting for not only drug–gene but also drug–drug–gene interactions as a supplement to medication review.

scholarly journals Is there any correlation between Magnesium status and depression in elderly people? A descriptive-analytical study among Tehran-nursing home residents

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 632-639
Author(s):  
Lyly Nazemi ◽  
Ingmar Skoog ◽  
Ingvar Karlsson ◽  
Margda Waern ◽  
Agneta Yngve ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nursing Home ◽  
Nursing Homes ◽  
Elderly Population ◽  
Analytical Study ◽  
Depression Scale ◽  
Nursing Home Residents ◽  
Mini Nutritional Assessment ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Flame Atomic Absorption ◽  
Significant Difference

Background: Very few studies have shown the possible relationship between magnesium (Mg) status and depression. In the present study, the intracellular Mg status of the elderly population living in nursing homes (NHs) was assessed to determine its relationship with depression. Methods: A descriptive-analytical study was conducted on the elderly population living in nursing homes (Tehran-Iran; 2010-2012). Participants' demographic and clinical characteristics were collected and recorded in a checklist. Evaluating the participants’ nutritional status, Mini Nutritional Assessment Method was implemented. Determining participant's depressive symptoms, 15-item Geriatric Depression Scale was used. Final scores were classified into4 categories not depressed, mild, moderate, and severe depression. Mg level in leukocytes was also measured by flame atomic absorption spectrometry. Results: Totally 113 elderly were included and only 9.8% of subjects were not depressed. About 21% of the subjects were well nourished. Of participants who suffered from heart disease, 80.2% were depressed (p=0.03). Regarding correlations between Mg status and depression, results showed no significant difference in Mg levels of two depressed and non-depressed participants (p=0.73). Conclusion: The results of the present study showed notable prevalence rates of depression and malnutrition among nursing home residents. It was also found that the relationship between intracellular Mg levels and depression was not significant. Further studies are needed to determine the major factors related to these preventable psychological and nutritional disorders among elderly NH residents.

French patterns of psychotropic drug use

1990 ◽  
Vol 5 (5) ◽  
pp. 301-308
Author(s):  
V Kovess ◽  
M Ortun
Keyword(s):  
Drug Use ◽  
General Practitioners ◽  
Psychotropic Drug ◽  
Psychotropic Drugs ◽  
Elderly Population ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Population Surveys ◽  
Minor Tranquilizers ◽  
French People ◽  
Few Data

SummaryFrench publications on psychotropics are curiously few. Data are available and French consumption of psychotropics, at least minor tranquilizers has been consistently reported as being higher than that found in other countries. The authors attempt to answer three questions: is French consuption of psychotropics really higher than other countries? Who is consuming those drugs? In which context? After having reviewed comparative data on sales, data from population surveys are analysed together with samples of prescriptions by different categories of physicians. It seems likely that French people consume more anxiolytics but this does not apply to other psychotropic drugs. Given the fact that drugs are almost free of charge in France, it is always difficult to discriminate between what has been prescribed and what has been taken. Overconsumption of anxiolytics is due to the overconsumption of the elderly population (over 60). Minor tranquilizers are mainly prescribed by general practitioners for psychological reasons.

Benzodiazepine-Induced and Anticholinergic-Induced Delirium in the Elderly

1991 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 397-408 ◽  
Author(s):  
Larry E. Tune ◽  
Fred W. Bylsma
Keyword(s):  
Nursing Home ◽  
Cognitive Impairments ◽  
Anticholinergic Drug ◽  
Nursing Home Residents ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Quantitative Eeg ◽  
Extensive Literature ◽  
Drug Levels ◽  
Patient Morbidity ◽  
Increasing Risk

Encompassing the range from subtle cognitive impairments to frank delirium, toxicity due to benzodiazepines and to anticholinergic-containing compounds is reviewed. For benzodiazepines, an extensive literature suggests that they impair immediate and delayed memory, psychomotor performance, and subjective complaints of station. This, in several studies, results in increased patient morbidity (e.g., increasing risk of hip fractures). Anticholinergic compounds are widely utilized in managing elderly patients, particularly nursing home residents. Toxicity from anticholinergic compounds, detected by anticholinergic drug levels, is significantly correlated with the presence and severity of delirium in a number of settings including postoperative patients and elderly nursing home residents. Possible means of identifying the syndrome by prediction of dose and type of medication, as well as by quantitative EEG, are reviewed.

Antipsychotic Drug Use Among Nursing Home Residents Taking Rivastigmine

2006 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 12-16 ◽  
Author(s):  
Siva Narayanan ◽  
Kathleen M. Beusterien ◽  
Simu K. Thomas ◽  
Jonathan Musher ◽  
Bill Strunk
Keyword(s):  
Nursing Home ◽  
Drug Use ◽  
Antipsychotic Drug ◽  
Nursing Home Residents

The Role of Nursing Homes Architectural Design in Mitigating the Risk of COVID-19 Pandemics: The Case of Slovenia

2022 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 51-66
Author(s):  
Vesna Žegarac Leskovar ◽  
Vanja Skalicky Klemenčič
Keyword(s):  
Nursing Home ◽  
Nursing Homes ◽  
Older People ◽  
Architectural Design ◽  
Nursing Home Residents ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Evaluation Tool ◽  
Negative Effect ◽  
Disproportionate Number ◽  
Role Of Nursing

Currently, many older people live in institutions for various social and health reasons. In Slovenia, this proportion is almost 5% of the population aged 65 and over. In the COVID-19 pandemic, the elderly proved to be the most vulnerable social group, as they are exposed to a number of comorbidities that increase the risk of mortality. At that time, nursing homes represented one of the most critical types of housing, as seen from a disproportionate number of infections and deaths among nursing home residents worldwide, including Slovenia. During the emergency, a number of safety protocols had to be followed to prevent the spread of infection. Unfortunately, it turned out that while the safety measures protected the nursing home residents, they also had a negative effect on their mental health, mainly due to isolation and social distancing. It follows that especially in times of epidemics of infectious respiratory diseases, the quality of life in nursing homes requires special attention. In this context, it is also necessary to consider whether and how an appropriate architectural design can help mitigating the spread of infections, while at the same time enable older people to live in dignity and with a minimum of social exclusion. To this end, the present study examined 97 nursing homes in Slovenia, analysing the number of infections in nursing homes and their correlation with the degree of infection in the corresponding region in Slovenia. Additionally, 2 nursing homes were studied in more detail with the use of newly developed “Safe and Connected” evaluation tool, analysing the architectural features of each building. The advantages identified so far include living in smaller units, single rooms with balconies, the possibility of using green open spaces and the use of an adequate ventilation. Conclusions of this study are useful for further consideration of design of new nursing homes and the refurbishment of existing ones.

Antipsychotic Drug Interactions and Mortality Among Nursing Home Residents With Cognitive Impairment

2017 ◽  
Vol 78 (01) ◽  
pp. e76-e82 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rosa Liperoti ◽  
Federica Sganga ◽  
Francesco Landi ◽  
Eva Topinkova ◽  
Michael D. Denkinger ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nursing Home ◽  
Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Drug Interactions ◽  
Antipsychotic Drug ◽  
Nursing Home Residents

scholarly journals End-of-Life Communication Among Chinese Elderly in a Malaysian Nursing Home

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 62-70
Author(s):  
Ng Xi Jiao ◽  
Nur Atikah Mohamed Hussin
Keyword(s):  
Nursing Home ◽  
End Of Life ◽  
Thematic Analysis ◽  
Nursing Home Residents ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Peninsular Malaysia ◽  
Nursing Home Care ◽  
The North ◽  
End Of Life Communication ◽  
Residents Attitudes

Religion and culture play important roles in influencing end-of-life communication among the elderly. However, little is known about end-of-life communication among elderly nursing home residents. A qualitative study involving a sample of 13 elderly residents of a non- government nursing home in the north of Peninsular Malaysia was conducted to investigate residents’ attitudes and ideas about their end-of-life preferences. Thematic analysis was performed to identify major themes emerging from the interviews. This study found that elderly residents actively avoided end-of-life communication, but that their cultural and religious beliefs remained of paramount importance. It is hoped that these findings will provide a platform upon which to improve current nursing home care in Malaysia.

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