scholarly journals Geodesign Experiments in Areas of Social Vulnerability in the Iron Quadrangle, Minas Gerais, Brazil

Land ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (9) ◽  
pp. 958
Author(s):  
Ana Clara Mourão Moura ◽  
Camila Marques Zyngier ◽  
Ítalo Sousa Sena ◽  
Vanessa Tenuta Freitas
Keyword(s):  
Social Vulnerability ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Minas Gerais ◽  
Participatory Planning ◽  
Web Based ◽  
Methodological Choices ◽  
Iron Quadrangle ◽  
Planning Processes ◽  
Technological Platform

This paper presents and discusses the use of methodologies for shared and participatory planning through Geodesign, in areas of irregular occupation and social vulnerability in the urban areas of the Iron Quadrangle, Minas Gerais, Brazil. It is illustrated by the development of four case studies with varying degrees of complexity, participation, and impact as a support for opinion building or decision making. The work encompasses different applications of digital support platforms, from web-based to off-line, as well as their methodological variations, adopted according to the goals of each case study. They vary according to space, the profile of the participants (ages), technological platform, methodological steps, but they all share support for opinion making. We conclude by suggesting optimal methodological choices for different contexts of social vulnerability, regarding the evolution of urban planning processes. We argue in favor of Geodesign as a framework for the planning of irregular housing occupations, as it is flexible enough to deal with different scenarios.

scholarly journals Dialectical Design Dialogues: Negotiating Ethics in Participatory Planning by Building a Critical Design Atlas

2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (4) ◽  
pp. 238-251
Author(s):  
Barbara Roosen ◽  
Liesbeth Huybrechts ◽  
Oswald Devisch ◽  
Pieter Van den Broeck
Keyword(s):  
Urban Planning ◽  
Planning Process ◽  
Daily Life ◽  
Participatory Planning ◽  
Dialectical Approach ◽  
Urban Transformations ◽  
Planning Processes ◽  
Everyday Reality ◽  
The City

This article explores ‘dialectical design dialogues’ as an approach to engage with ethics in everyday urban planning contexts. It starts from Paulo Freire’s pedagogical view (1970/2017), in which dialogues imply the establishment of a horizontal relation between professionals and amateurs, in order to understand, question and imagine things in everyday reality, in this case, urban transformations, applied to participatory planning and enriched through David Harvey’s (2000, 2009) dialectical approach. A dialectical approach to design dialogues acknowledges and renegotiates contrasts and convergences of ethical concerns specific to the reality of concrete daily life, rather than artificially presenting daily life as made of consensus or homogeneity. The article analyses an atlas as a tool to facilitate dialectical design dialogues in a case study of a low-density residential neighbourhood in the city of Genk, Belgium. It sees the production of the atlas as a collective endeavour during which planners, authorities and citizens reflect on possible futures starting from a confrontation of competing uses and perspectives of neighbourhood spaces. The article contributes to the state-of-the-art in participatory urban planning in two ways: (1) by reframing the theoretical discussion on ethics by arguing that not only the verbal discourses around designerly atlas techniques but also the techniques themselves can support urban planners in dealing more consciously with ethics (accountability, morality and authorship) throughout urban planning processes, (2) by offering a concrete practice-based example of producing an atlas that supports the participatory articulation and negotiation of dialectical inquiry of ethics through dialogues in a ‘real-time’ urban planning process.

Urban gardening and spatial justice from a mid-size city perspective: the case of Ortobello Urban Garden

2019 ◽  
pp. 74-90
Author(s):  
Giuseppe Aliperti ◽  
Silvia Sarti
Keyword(s):  
Urban Areas ◽  
Social Dynamics ◽  
Local Community ◽  
Metropolitan Areas ◽  
Participatory Planning ◽  
Spatial Justice ◽  
Urban Gardening ◽  
Negative Impacts ◽  
Urban Sites

The increasing number of metropolitan areas worldwide suggests to more in-depth investigate metropolitan neighbourhoods in order to explain the complex social dynamics emerging in these new contexts. As a matter of fact, the majority of the existing studies on spatial justice provided analyses and investigations focused on metropolitan settings. However, the issue of spatial justice also involves smaller urban areas and further research is needed in that sense. Our investigation analyses a case study of urban gardening that has been developed with the aim of valorising the central neighbourhood of an Italian mid-size city through proposing participatory planning interventions and requalification of urban sites. The urban gardening initiative has included several actors within the process of implementation. The investigated group of people potentially subjected to the spatial injustice is formed by the residents and the local retailers. A comparison between different stakeholders’ perspectives is provided in order to measure the positive and negative impacts of the initiative on the local community.

A Smart City Remembers Its Past

Crowdsourcing ◽  
2019 ◽  
pp. 489-516
Author(s):  
Jennifer Minner ◽  
Andrea Roberts ◽  
Michael Holleran ◽  
Joshua Conrad
Keyword(s):  
Information Systems ◽  
Los Angeles ◽  
Smart City ◽  
Research Team ◽  
Historical Survey ◽  
Web Based ◽  
First Case ◽  
Planning Processes ◽  
The City

Integral to some conceptualizations of the “smart city” is the adoption of web-based technology to support civic engagement and improve information systems for local government decision support. Yet there is little to no literature on the “smartness” of gathering information about historic places within municipal information systems. This chapter provides three case studies of technologically augmented planning processes that incorporated citizens as sensors of data about historic places. The first case study is of SurveyLA, a massive effort of the city of Los Angeles to comprehensively survey over 880,000 parcels for historic resources. A second case study involves Motor City Mapping, an effort to identify the condition of buildings in Detroit, Michigan and a parallel historical survey conducted by volunteers. In Austin, Texas, a university-based research team designed a municipal web tool called the Austin Historical Survey Wiki. This chapter offers insights into these prior efforts to augment planning processes with “digitized memory,” web-based technology, and public engagement.

Landside Access to Seaports in Urban Areas: A Case Study

1997 ◽  
Vol 1602 (1) ◽  
pp. 49-56 ◽  
Author(s):  
Arun Chatterjee ◽  
Joseph E. Hummer ◽  
David B. Clarke ◽  
Scott M. Ney
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
North Carolina ◽  
Land Use Planning ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
East Coast ◽  
The United States ◽  
Local Communities ◽  
Planning Processes ◽  
Local Levels

Seaports in the United States usually are located in urban areas. They are major traffic generators on the landside. However, the landside access needs of ports often are overlooked by the transportation and land-use planning processes. A case study of three ports on the East Coast of the United States was performed: Savannah, Georgia; Wilmington, North Carolina; and Morehead City, North Carolina. Both highway and rail access issues were examined at regional and local levels. Several serious issues and problems are identified and discussed in the paper, including effects on local communities.

scholarly journals DESASTRES NATURAIS E INDUZIDOS E O RISCO URBANO

2014 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maria Geovana Parizzi
Keyword(s):  
Risk Management ◽  
Social Vulnerability ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Social Process ◽  
Disaster Risk ◽  
Minas Gerais ◽  
Urban Center ◽  
The World ◽  
Urban Risk ◽  
Planning Intervention

O artigo apresenta síntese sobre os atuais conceitos e classificações de desastres, risco e sua relação com a vulnerabilidade ambiental e social. Inclui análise sobre os últimos desastres ocorridos no mundo, no Brasil e em Minas Gerais e os impactos decorrentes destes fenômenos. Discute também sobre critérios adotados para a gestão do risco em áreas urbanas, considerando este um processo social complexo que envolve ações de planejamento, intervenção e organização, que devem ser avaliadas e conduzidas de forma contínua.Palavras–chave: RISCO GEOLÓGICO, GESTÃO, CENTRO URBANOS. ABSTRACTNATURAL AND HUMAN-INDUCED DISASTERS AND URBAN RISK. The article presents an overview of current concepts and disaster risk classifications and its correlation with the environmental and social vulnerability. Includes analysis of the recent disasters in the world, in Brazil and in Minas Gerais and the impacts caused by these phenomena. Also discusses about the criteria adopted for risk management in urban areas considering this a complex social process that involves planning, intervention and action organization, which should be evaluated and implemented on an ongoing basis.Keywords: GEOLOGICAL RISK, MANAGEMENT, URBAN CENTER

Space, Power, and Mobility: Car Traffic as a Controversial Issue in Neighbourhood Regeneration

2006 ◽  
Vol 38 (4) ◽  
pp. 733-748 ◽  
Author(s):  
Trine Fotel
Keyword(s):  
Spatial Distribution ◽  
Side Effects ◽  
Urban Space ◽  
Participatory Planning ◽  
Living Conditions ◽  
Car Traffic ◽  
Planning Processes ◽  
Neighbourhood Regeneration ◽  
Power Geometry

Mobility, especially for car traffic, is a contested spatial phenomenon in contemporary cities. It contributes to processes of segregation and inequality, and the power-geometry of mobility is an integral part of the conflicting rationalities inherent in contemporary urban space wars. Internationally, Copenhagen is often seen as a successfully planned city. However, a case study of a participatory planning initiative in Copenhagen reveals inert and unequal power relations. It illustrates how residents experience their living conditions as being reduced by heavy car traffic, and how they oppose the multidimensional side effects caused by traffic overload. To increase the welfare of everyday life, urban policies thus ought to focus much more on the spatial distribution of mobility and the ways that mobility influences place-bound living conditions. Integrating bottom-up initiatives and participatory planning processes oriented towards empowerment could be a vital part of democratic urban planning.

scholarly journals A Web-Based GIS Planning Framework For Urban Oil Spill Management

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Helena Y. Han
Keyword(s):  
Oil Spill ◽  
Information Needs ◽  
Oil Spills ◽  
Prevention Measures ◽  
Web Based ◽  
Planning Framework ◽  
Research Findings ◽  
Planning Processes

The thesis is comprised of five chapters. Chapter 1 presents an introduction and identifies the spill issues and strategy gaps at the municipal level. The objectives and scope of this study are indicated in this chapter. Chapter 2 is the literature review of oil spill research and the role of GIS and its distributed form, Web-based GIS. In this chapter, focus is directed at the review of land-based oil spills and their characteristics, spill prevention measures, control technology, and response and cleanup. It also elaborates on spill related law and enforcement within the Canadian legal system. The applications of GIS and Web-based GIS in spill-related fields are reviewed in this chapter. Chapter 3 focuses on the information needs for the establishment of an oil spill planning framework. How GIS and Web-based GIS could facilitate planning processes. Chapter 4 discusses Web-based GIS architecture as refined for municipal spill management. Chapter 5 presents the case study which examines the planning framework based on a Web-based GIS architecture, and Chapter 6 highlights the conclusions of the study, suggestions and recommendations for urban oil spill management based on the research findings--From the Introduction.

scholarly journals FACILITATING COMMUNITY PARTICIPATION THROUGH CROWDSOURCING IN URBAN PLANNING PROCESSES: AN EXPLORATORY STUDY

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Lindelwa Sinxadi
Keyword(s):  
Urban Planning ◽  
Community Participation ◽  
South African ◽  
Industrial Revolution ◽  
Case Study Research ◽  
Town Planning ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Web Based ◽  
Planning Processes

Fostering community participation by planners in South African municipalities poses a challenge during planning processes. Different levels of public apathy have been observed, and they continue to undermine the quest of municipalities to provide sustainable neighbourhoods. Also, value conflicts from different urban stakeholders resulting from this apathy can be ameliorated through improved participation of the communities in the planning processes. In bridging this gap, the paper seeks to explore different Crowdsourcing techniques to be employed in Mangaung to enable urban stakeholders’ participation in planning projects. As such, crowdsourcing, as a new web-based business model, is inclusive in the 4th Industrial Revolution and can be used as the best solution for community participation in planning projects. Based on the foregoing, this paper employs a case study research design and a coterie of techniques: semi-structured interviews and document reviews for data elicitation. Interviewees comprise of purposively recruited town planning and other municipal officials involved in planning projects. The emergent data will be analysed thematically. Expectedly, the findings hold immense implications for planning practitioners as well as other professionals and policymakers working within the urban planning and socio-economic development praxes in South African Municipalities.

scholarly journals Using hexagonal grids and network analysis for spatial accessibility assessment in urban environments – a case study of public amenities in Toruń

2019 ◽  
Vol 23 (2) ◽  
pp. 99-110 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jan Burdziej
Keyword(s):  
Network Analysis ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Urban Environments ◽  
Spatial Accessibility ◽  
Key Factors ◽  
Web Based ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Hexagonal Grids ◽  
The City

Abstract Spatial accessibility is one of fundamental problems of geography, and transport geography in particular. It is one of the key factors affecting the ability to use certain services by the residents of a given area. Therefore, it is important to develop appropriate methods for the analysis of spatial accessibility. This paper describes a methodology for analyzing spatial accessibility in urban areas using a hexagonal grid combined with a network analysis. The proposed methodology is applied to the city of Toruń, Poland. Spatial distribution of accessibility to selected public amenities is analyzed and areas of high and low accessibility are identified. Finally, a prototype of a novel web-based system is proposed to allow citizens and city officials to perform custom analysis based on individual preferences.

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