scholarly journals Effectiveness of Dowels in Concrete Pavement

Materials ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (10) ◽  
pp. 1669 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jiri Grosek ◽  
Andrea Zuzulova ◽  
Ilja Brezina
Keyword(s):  
Finite Element Method ◽  
Finite Element ◽  
Load Transfer ◽  
Plain Concrete ◽  
Concrete Pavement ◽  
Successful Outcome ◽  
Concrete Pavements ◽  
The Finite Element Method ◽  
Improve Performance ◽  
Direct Measurements

Dowels are located in transverse joints of Jointed Plain Concrete Pavements (JPCP) and they are used to provide load transfer between individual slabs, reduce faulting and improve performance. Dowels and the concrete itself are under the highest stress in the vicinity of joints; thus, in terms of pavement design, the joints are the weakest points of the whole structure. This study dealt with the drawbacks of JPCP with dowels. The evaluation was based on direct measurements on real airport and motorway pavements and highlights insufficient efficiency of load transfer and its possible causes. The authors present a successful outcome with validation by using the finite element method where high tensile stress values of the surrounding concrete were found.

Foundation Modeling for Jointed Concrete Pavements

2000 ◽  
Vol 1730 (1) ◽  
pp. 34-42 ◽  
Author(s):  
William G. Davids
Keyword(s):  
Finite Element ◽  
Temperature Gradient ◽  
Load Transfer ◽  
Plain Concrete ◽  
Positive Temperature ◽  
Concrete Pavements ◽  
Finite Element Program ◽  
Joint Load ◽  
Foundation Type ◽  
Dense Liquid

Issues related to the finite element modeling of base and subgrade materials under jointed plain concrete pavements are examined. The threedimensional finite element program EverFE, developed in conjunction with the Washington State Department of Transportation, was employed for the analyses. The relevant modeling capabilities of EverFE are detailed, including the ability to model multiple foundation layers, the incorporation of loss of contact between slab and base, and the efficient iterative solution strategies that make large three-dimensional finite element analyses possible on desktop computers. The results of parametric studies examining the effects of foundation type (layered elastic and dense liquid) and properties on the response of jointed plain concrete pavements subjected to axle and thermal loads are presented. Special attention is paid to the interactions between joint load transfer effectiveness and foundation type, and joint load transfer is shown to change significantly with different foundation models and properties. A consideration of simultaneous thermal and axle loadings indicates that the effect of foundation type and properties on critical slab stresses caused by edge loading and a positive temperature gradient is relatively small. However, the slab response is quite sensitive to foundation type for a combined negative temperature gradient and corner loading. On the basis of these results, use of an equivalent dense liquid foundation modulus in mechanistic rigid pavement analysis or design is not recommended when stiff base layers are present.

Research on Load Transfer Efficiency of GFRP Dowel in Jointed Plain Concrete Pavement

2012 ◽  
Vol 178-181 ◽  
pp. 1152-1155 ◽  
Author(s):  
Luo Ke Li ◽  
Yun Liang Li ◽  
Yi Qiu Tan ◽  
Zhong Jun Xue
Keyword(s):  
Finite Element ◽  
Load Transfer ◽  
Concrete Slab ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Plain Concrete ◽  
Element Model ◽  
Transfer Efficiency ◽  
Engineering Practice ◽  
Concrete Pavements ◽  
Load Transfer Efficiency

In a jointed plain concrete pavements, the dowel bar system are used to provide lateral load transfer across transverse joint. Corrosion of commonly used steel dowel in engineering practice reduces their service life and costs considerable maintenance and repair spending for concrete pavements. The objective of this study focus primarily on the performance of none eroded GFRP dowel on LTE( load transfer efficiency) with the help of a three-dimensional finite-element model. The amount of LTE can be obtained directly from comparing the maximum deflection of the concrete slab and the level tensile stress under the concrete slab. According to the finite element results, the larger-diameter GFRP dowel are found to perform the best in this study.

scholarly journals Mechanical Behavior of Concrete Pavement considering Void beneath Slabs and Joints LTE

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-13
Author(s):  
Bangyi Liu ◽  
Yang Zhou ◽  
Linhao Gu ◽  
Dalin Wang ◽  
Xiaoming Huang
Keyword(s):  
Load Transfer ◽  
Joint Stiffness ◽  
Plain Concrete ◽  
Concrete Pavement ◽  
Concrete Pavements ◽  
Void Size ◽  
Fea Model ◽  
Base Course ◽  
Load Transfer Efficiency ◽  
Mesh Convergence

Dowel bars are arranged between two slabs of jointed plain concrete pavements to transfer load between them. The looseness of these dowel bars leads to the decrease of the load transfer efficiency (LTE). Meanwhile, repeated vehicle load can result in void near the joints. In this paper, the behaviors of concrete pavement under the effect of void size and joint stiffness were studied by using ABAQUS software. The FEA model was calibrated for different element parameters based on mesh convergence analysis and validated by comparison with previous studies. The voids beneath slabs were considered in this study, including the loaded slab and unloaded slab. The different effects of base course modulus on the stress of loaded slab are also analysed. It is concluded that the results show that the void size and joint stiffness affect the stress of the loaded plate. Smaller void size and larger joint stiffness will lead to the maximum stress located at the bottom of the loaded slab, and the void size has little effect on the stress of the loaded slab. Otherwise, the larger void size will cause larger stress. The effect of base modulus on stress is similar.

Effect of Concrete Mix Consolidation on Joint Faulting and Load Transfer Efficiency

1996 ◽  
Vol 1544 (1) ◽  
pp. 3-8
Author(s):  
Mustaque Hossain ◽  
John B. Wojakowski
Keyword(s):  
Load Transfer ◽  
Plain Concrete ◽  
Concrete Pavement ◽  
Transfer Efficiency ◽  
Unit Weight ◽  
Concrete Pavements ◽  
Falling Weight Deflectometer ◽  
Rate Of Increase ◽  
Load Transfer Efficiency ◽  
Falling Weight

Six jointed reinforced concrete pavement and one jointed plain concrete pavement test sections on US-69 in Miami County, Kansas, constructed in 1979 have been surveyed annually for faulting for the past 9 years. Falling weight deflectometer tests were conducted in 1995 to assess the load transfer efficiency of the joints. The results show that, in general, as the original concrete density increases due to improved consolidation, the rate of increase of the joint fault depth decreases at doweled joints at a given pavement age. The occurrence of joint faulting is much more severe when load transfer devices are not present; this was observed even for the pavement section built on a nonerodible subbase. Improved consolidation sometimes appeared to help improve load transfer, resulting in a lower rate of faulting. Thus, the mandatory density requirement of 98 percent rodded unit weight, which has been in effect since 1980, has undoubtedly led to better joint performance for concrete pavements in Kansas.

Simulation of tuning graphene plasmonic behaviors by ferroelectric domains for self-driven infrared photodetector applications

Nanoscale ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (43) ◽  
pp. 20868-20875 ◽  
Author(s):  
Junxiong Guo ◽  
Yu Liu ◽  
Yuan Lin ◽  
Yu Tian ◽  
Jinxing Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Finite Element Method ◽  
Finite Element ◽  
Interfacial Effect ◽  
Infrared Photodetector ◽  
The Finite Element Method ◽  
Ferroelectric Domains ◽  
Element Method

We propose a graphene plasmonic infrared photodetector tuned by ferroelectric domains and investigate the interfacial effect using the finite element method.

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