scholarly journals Theoretical Predictions of the Structural and Mechanical Properties of Tungsten–Rare Earth Element Alloys

Materials ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (11) ◽  
pp. 3046
Author(s):  
Mingyu Wu ◽  
Zhihang Wang ◽  
Ningning Zhang ◽  
Changchun Ge ◽  
Yujuan Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Rare Earth ◽  
Rare Earth Element ◽  
Earth Element ◽  
Wall Material ◽  
Binary Solid Solution ◽  
Bcc Lattice ◽  
Theoretical Predictions ◽  
G Ratio ◽  
Strength And Ductility

Tungsten (W) is considered as the potential plasma facing material of the divertor and the first wall material in fusion. To further improve the ductility of W, the structural and mechanical properties of W–M (M = rare earth element Y, La, Ce and Lu) alloys are systematically investigated by first-principles calculations. Our results reveal that all the W1−xMx (x = 0.0625, 0.125, 0.1875, 0.25) alloys can form binary solid solution at the atomic level, and the alloys keep bcc lattice structures until the concentration of M increases to a certain value. Although the moduli of the alloys are reduced compared to that of pure W metal, the characteristic B/G ratio and Poisson’s ratio significantly increase, implying all the four rare earth elements can efficiently improve the ductility of W metal. Considering both factors of mechanical strength and ductility, La and Ce are better alloying elements than Y and Lu.

Crystallization behavior, Al-Ce intermetallic formation, and microstructure refinement of near-eutectic Al–Si alloys by rare-earth element additions

2020 ◽  
Vol 111 (11) ◽  
pp. 938-952
Author(s):  
Bo Chi ◽  
Zhiming Shi ◽  
Cunquan Wang ◽  
Liming Wang ◽  
Hao Lian ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Heat Treatment ◽  
Rare Earth ◽  
Rare Earth Element ◽  
Crystallization Behavior ◽  
Earth Element ◽  
Microstructural Refinement ◽  
Preferential Growth ◽  
Intermetallic Formation ◽  
The Matrix

Abstract Near-eutectic Al-Si alloys have low strength and high brittleness because of the presence of many eutectic b-Si flakes, needle-like Al-Fe-Si intermetallics, and coarse α-Al grains. This study disclosed the effects of cerium-rich RE (rare earth) element modification on orientation characters of crystals, formation of Al-Ce compounds, and microstructural refinement to improve the microstructure and mechanical properties of the alloys. The RE addition depressed preferential growth along the close-packed and/or sub-closepacked planes and promoted growth along the non-closepacked planes, in which La and other elements were dissolved into needle-like Al11Ce3 phase. When the temperature decreased, Al11Ce3 was preferentially crystallized from the melts and then devitrified by attaching to the surface of β-Al5FeSi needles. Moreover, many small Al11Ce3 particles were precipitated in the matrix and on the Si surface by a T6 heat treatment. Eutectic β-Si phases were constructed into discontinuous networks, short rods, and even particles by RE additions, which were further transformed into fine nodules following the T6 treatment. α-Al grains and primary β-Al5FeSi needles were simultaneously refined. The addition of 1.0 wt.% REs and subsequent T6 treatment yielded the highest tensile strength, elongation, and hardness of the alloy.

Rare-earth element doped Si3N4/SiC micro/nano-composites—RT and HT mechanical properties

2010 ◽  
Vol 30 (9) ◽  
pp. 1931-1944 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Lojanová ◽  
P. Tatarko ◽  
Z. Chlup ◽  
M. Hnatko ◽  
J. Dusza ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Rare Earth ◽  
Rare Earth Element ◽  
Earth Element ◽  
Nano Composites

Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of Low Alloy Ultra-High Strength Steel Microalloyed with Cerium

2021 ◽  
Vol 871 ◽  
pp. 53-58
Author(s):  
Yue Yue Jiang ◽  
Zhao Dong Wang ◽  
Xiang Tao Deng ◽  
R.D.K. Misra
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Rare Earth ◽  
Rare Earth Element ◽  
Impact Energy ◽  
High Strength Steel ◽  
Earth Element ◽  
High Strength ◽  
Matrix Composition ◽  
Microstructure And Mechanical Properties ◽  
Ultra High Strength Steel

This study aims to investigate the influences of rare earth element cerium (Ce) on microstructure and mechanical properties of low alloy ultra-high strength steel. The strength, plasticity, and impact toughness of steels with 0.0367% Ce and without Ce were tested. The influence mechanism of Ce on the microstructure and mechanical properties were investigated by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), energy-dispersive spectrometry (EDS) and electron back scattered diffraction (EBSD). The results showed that the addition of Ce improved the comprehensive mechanical properties of low alloy ultra-high strength steel. In particular, the plasticity and toughness were improved obviously. The addition of Ce increased the elongation from 9.47% to 10.49%, and the low-temperature impact energy from 50J to 58J. The elongation and impact energy increased by 10.77% and 16%, respectively. And the yield strength of all samples remained above 1400 MPa. The rare earth element Ce did not change the matrix composition phase which were martensite. However, the addition of Ce increased the proportion of high-angle grain boundary from 33.2% to 40.2%. In addition, the Ce make the inclusions denatured and hence spherical inclusion with small size can be obtained. The EDS results showed that rare earth and harmful elements P and O formed inclusions, which as a purifier for the molten steel and hindered the formation of the large-size composite inclusions.

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