scholarly journals Improving the Lifetime of an Out-Patient Implanted Medical Device Using a Novel Flower Pollination-Based Optimization Algorithm in WBAN Systems

Mathematics ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (12) ◽  
pp. 2189
Author(s):  
Karthikeyan Venkatesan Munivel ◽  
Tephillah Samraj ◽  
Vijayakumar Kandasamy ◽  
Naveen Chilamkurti
Keyword(s):  
Medical Device ◽  
Medical Condition ◽  
Wireless Body Area Network ◽  
Channel Selection ◽  
Fixed Number ◽  
Algorithm Complexity ◽  
Experimental Result ◽  
Area Network ◽  
Flower Pollination ◽  
Network Controller

The new inventions in health care devices have led to a considerable increase in the human lifespan. Miniaturized bio-sensing elements and dedicated wireless communication bands have led to the development of a new arena called Wireless Body Area Network (WBAN) (IEEE 802.11.6). These Implantable Medical Devices (IMDs) are used for monitoring a chronic patient’s medical condition as well as therapeutic and life-saving functions. The aim of this study is to improve the dynamic channel selection algorithm for an increased Out Patient-Body Network Controller (OP-BNC) medical device during visits to the hospital. There is a fixed number of licensed spectra allocated to the In Patient-Body Network Controller (IP-BNC) and Out-Patient Body Network Controller (OP-BNC). When there is an increase in the OP-BNC, there is an availability of idle spectrum in the IP-BNC. An existing rank-based algorithm is used in the allocation of idle spectrum to the increased OP-BNC. This ranking method takes more time for the processing and selection of an idle channel to the registered user. To avoid it, we proposed an EFPOC model to select from the free idle channels of the IP-BNC licensed spectrum. We also discussed the algorithm complexity of the proposed Enhanced Flower Pollination-based Optimized Channel selection (EFPOC) algorithm and obtained a complexity of O(n2), which is a significant improvement over the existing algorithm rank-based algorithm complexity. Our experimental result shows that the proposed EFPOC algorithm improves the Tier-2 systems lifetime by 46.47%. Then, to prove that the proposed model is time efficient in channel selection, a simulated experimented is conducted. When selecting a number of channels from a Look-Up Table (LUT), the proposed EFPOC method takes 25% less time than the existing algorithms.

scholarly journals QoS Analysis Of Kinematic Effects For Bluetooth HC-05 And NRF24L01 Communication Modules On WBAN System

2019 ◽  
pp. 187-196 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mahar Faiqurahman ◽  
Diyan Anggraini Novitasari ◽  
Zamah Sari
Keyword(s):  
Human Body ◽  
Packet Loss ◽  
Sensor Node ◽  
Wireless Body Area Network ◽  
Sensor Nodes ◽  
Experimental Result ◽  
Area Network ◽  
Gateway Node ◽  
Average Value ◽  
The Impact

Wireless Body Area Network (WBAN) consists of a number of sensor nodes that are attached to the human body, and intended for monitor the human body condition. The WBAN system has several wireless communication modules that are used for sending or exchanging data between sensor nodes and gateway nodes or gateway nodes. There are some factors that are used to decide which communication modules should be implemented on WBAN system, including communication efficiency, distance range, power consumption, and the effect of mobility on QoS. In this study, we analyze the impact of the kinematic movement of sensor nodes on QoS parameter of HC-05 Bluetooth and NRF25L01 communication modules, during sending and receiving process among nodes. We assume that the sensor node and gateway node are attached on the limbs to catch the movement. We use Quality of Service (QoS) parameters such as delay, jitter, and packet loss, to analyze the impact of movement on communication modules. Based on the experimental result, it was found that the average value of delay and jitter for booth communication modules was slightly influenced by the speed of the sensor node movement. During the sensor node movement and data transmission, we found that the NRF24L01 module have a lower delay and jitter value than Bluetooth HC-05 module. The percentage of packet loss tends to be stable at 0% value, even though the speed value becomes higher.

scholarly journals Optimized Channel Decision & Secure Data Transmission for Health Monitoring Using Wireless Body Area Network Through Cognitive Controller

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. Rajaguru ◽  
K. Vimala Devi ◽  
P. Marichamy
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Selection Process ◽  
Wireless Body Area Network ◽  
Channel Selection ◽  
Daily Routine ◽  
Body Area Network ◽  
Area Network ◽  
Body Area ◽  
Inference System ◽  
The Impact

Abstract Remote monitoring system has been applied in different applications such as agriculture, industrial automation, defence, telecommunication and health care. In health care applications, wireless networks get the impact with Wireless Body Area Network (WBAN). WBAN is helpful in monitoring patients’ health and it also possesses secure transmission and access control mechanism with different sensors. WBAN monitors the patient’s health and transfers the information to data pool without influencing patient’s daily routine activities. Further, the health report data are sent to the doctor over the network from the place of the patient without any data loss and delay. Due to increasing usage of wireless services, the available networks have been congested with heavy traffic which leads to miscommunication and delay. To overcome this scenario, solution has been proposed with help of Cognitive Radio Networks (CRN). Collected information are transferred to cognitive controller which acts as central node. Cognitive controller selects the channel to transfer the information with QoS as well as without any delay. Based on the input parameters, the channel selection process is optimized and it will also improve the system performance with secure transmissions. Using Fuzzy Inference System (FIS) optimizing, the channel selection process has been carried out and it also provides more accurate solution to choose the channel. For the optimization of the proposed approach Mamdani and Sugeno methods have been used. These methods yield the best results with minimum error probability of 0.9 compared to the existing methods and these methods have achieved efficiencies of 98% and 99%, respectively.

Effect of mobility conditions on the throughput of the Wireless Body Area Network

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shilpa Shinde ◽  
Santosh Sonavane
Keyword(s):  
Mathematical Model ◽  
Wireless Body Area Network ◽  
Data Rate ◽  
Hand Movements ◽  
Body Area Network ◽  
Area Network ◽  
Mobility Patterns ◽  
Body Area ◽  
Insight Into ◽  
Leg Movements

Background and objective: In the Wireless Body Area Network (WBAN) sensors are placed on the human body; which has various mobility patterns like seating, walking, standing and running. This mobility typically assisted with hand and leg movements on which most of the sensors are mounted. Previous studies were largely focused on simulations of WBAN mobility without focusing much on hand and leg movements. Thus for realistic studies on performance of the WBAN, it is important to consider hand and leg movements. Thus, an objective of this paper is to investigate an effect of the mobility patterns with hand movements on the throughput of the WBAN. Method: The IEEE 802.15.6 requirements are considered for WBAN design. The WBAN with star topology is used to connect three sensors and a hub. Three types of mobility viz. standing, walking and running with backward and forward hand movements is designed for simulation purpose. The throughput analysis is carried out with the three sets of simulations with standing, walking and running conditions with the speed of 0 m/s, 0.5 m/s and 3 m/s respectively. The data rate was increased from 250 Kb to 10000 Kb with AODV protocol. It is intended to investigate the effect of the hand movements and the mobility conditions on the throughput. Simulation results are analyzed with the aid of descriptive statistics. A comparative analysis between the simulated model and a mathematical model is also introduced to get more insight into the data. Results: Simulation studies showed that as the data rate is increased, throughput is also increased for all mobility conditions however, this increasing trend was discontinuous. In the standing (static) position, the throughput is found to be higher than mobility (dynamic) condition. It is found that, the throughput is better in the running condition than the walking condition. Average values of the throughput in case of the standing condition were more than that of the dynamic conditions. To validate these results, a mathematical model is created. In the mathematical model, a same trend is observed. Conclusion: Overall, it is concluded that the throughput is decreased due to mobility of the WBAN. It is understood that mathematical models have given more insight into the simulation data and confirmed the negative effect of the mobility conditions on throughput. In the future, it is proposed to investigate effect of interference on the designed network and compare the results.

Right Angle Slot Fabric Antenna for Wireless Body Area Network

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Suthisa Kesorn ◽  
Norakamon Wongsin ◽  
Thinnawat jangjing ◽  
Chatree Mahatthanajatuphat ◽  
Paitoon Rakluea
Keyword(s):  
Wireless Body Area Network ◽  
Body Area Network ◽  
Area Network ◽  
Body Area
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