scholarly journals QoS Analysis Of Kinematic Effects For Bluetooth HC-05 And NRF24L01 Communication Modules On WBAN System

2019 ◽  
pp. 187-196 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mahar Faiqurahman ◽  
Diyan Anggraini Novitasari ◽  
Zamah Sari
Keyword(s):  
Human Body ◽  
Packet Loss ◽  
Sensor Node ◽  
Wireless Body Area Network ◽  
Sensor Nodes ◽  
Experimental Result ◽  
Area Network ◽  
Gateway Node ◽  
Average Value ◽  
The Impact

Wireless Body Area Network (WBAN) consists of a number of sensor nodes that are attached to the human body, and intended for monitor the human body condition. The WBAN system has several wireless communication modules that are used for sending or exchanging data between sensor nodes and gateway nodes or gateway nodes. There are some factors that are used to decide which communication modules should be implemented on WBAN system, including communication efficiency, distance range, power consumption, and the effect of mobility on QoS. In this study, we analyze the impact of the kinematic movement of sensor nodes on QoS parameter of HC-05 Bluetooth and NRF25L01 communication modules, during sending and receiving process among nodes. We assume that the sensor node and gateway node are attached on the limbs to catch the movement. We use Quality of Service (QoS) parameters such as delay, jitter, and packet loss, to analyze the impact of movement on communication modules. Based on the experimental result, it was found that the average value of delay and jitter for booth communication modules was slightly influenced by the speed of the sensor node movement. During the sensor node movement and data transmission, we found that the NRF24L01 module have a lower delay and jitter value than Bluetooth HC-05 module. The percentage of packet loss tends to be stable at 0% value, even though the speed value becomes higher.

Body Fitness Monitoring Using IoT Device

2018 ◽  
pp. 154-169 ◽  
Author(s):  
Govinda K.
Keyword(s):  
Human Body ◽  
Health Monitoring ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Wearable Sensors ◽  
Wireless Body Area Network ◽  
Heart Beat ◽  
Sensor Nodes ◽  
Physiological Data ◽  
Area Network ◽  
Technological Advances

Recent technological advances in wireless communications and wireless sensor networks have enabled the design of intelligent, tiny, low-cost, and lightweight medical sensor nodes that can be placed on the human body strategically. The focus of this chapter is to implement the health monitoring system continuously without hospitalization using wearable sensors and create a wireless body area network (WBAN). Wearable sensors monitor the parameters of the human body like temperature, pressure, and heart beat by using sensors and providing real-time feedback to the user and medical staff and WBANs promise to revolutionize health monitoring. In this chapter, medical sensors are used to collect physiological data from patients and transmit it to the system which has details of an individual stored using Bluetooth/Wi-Fi with the help of Arduino and to medical server using Wi-Fi/3G communications.

Analysis of electromagnetic absorption in new design of PIFA antenna using metamaterials

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hamza Ben Hamadi ◽  
said ghnimi ◽  
Lassaad Latrach ◽  
Philippe Benech ◽  
Ali Gharsallah
Keyword(s):  
Human Body ◽  
Wireless Local Area Network ◽  
Local Area Network ◽  
Local Area ◽  
Dual Band ◽  
Area Network ◽  
Dual Band Antenna ◽  
Cubic Model ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Pifa Antenna

Abstract This paper presents the design, simulation and fabrication of a miniaturized wearable dual-band antenna on a semi-flex substrate; she is operable at 2.45/5.8 GHz for wireless local area network applications. The electrical and radiation characteristics of this proposed antenna were obtained by means of a technical of insertion of a slot to tune the operating frequencies. To study the impact of the electromagnetic radiation of the structure of the human body, it is necessary to minimize the back radiation towards the user. Therefore, in this work, a multi-band artificial magnetic conductor (AMC) was placed directly above a dual-band planar inverted F antenna to achieve a miniaturization with excellent radiation performance. The simulation results were designed and simulated using Studio commercial software (CST). A good agreement was achieved between the results of simulation and the experimental. The Comparison of measurement results indicates that the gain improved from 1,84 dB to 3,8 dB, in the lower band, and from 2,4 dB to 4,1 in the upper band, when the antenna is backed by the AMC plane. The front-to-back ratio of the AMC backed PIFA antenna was also enhanced. Then, to ensure that the proposed AMC is harmless to the human body, this prototype was placed on three-layer human tissue cubic model. It was observed that the through inclusion of plane AMC, the peak specific absorption rate (SAR) decreased to 1,45 and 1,1 W/kg at 2,45 and 5.8 GHz, respectively (a reduction of around 3,7 W/kg, compared with an antenna without (AMC).

scholarly journals Implementasi Zigbee Transceiver Untuk Akuisisi Data Sensor Inersia Pada Wireless Body Area Network (WBAN)

2017 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 48
Author(s):  
Muhammad Ikhsan Sani
Keyword(s):  
Sensor Node ◽  
Wireless Body Area Network ◽  
Data Rate ◽  
Body Area Network ◽  
Area Network ◽  
Body Area

Laju pertambahan  jumlah penduduk yang membutuhkan layanan kesehatan di Indonesia tidak berbanding lurus dengan penambahan jumlah fasilitas kesehatan yang ada. Salah satu solusi alternatif yang dapat digunakan untuk mengatasi masalah tersebut adalah dengan mengembangkan teknologi  Wireless Body Area Network  (WBAN)  sebagai alat bantu layanan  kesehatan.  WBAN  adalah suatu sistem terpadu yang  terdiri atas sekelompok modul sensor yang terdistribusi dan terhubung secara nirkabel pada suatu topologi jaringan  tertentu dan berfungsi untuk mengekstrak dan berbagi informasi untuk diolah sesuai bidang aplikasinya.  Salah satu aplikasi WBAN adalah untuk  analisis gait atau metode untuk mempelajari pola berjalan manusia.  Untuk melakukan proses  analisis gait secara optimal dibutuhkan instrumen sensor  inersia  yang terpasang pada tubuh pasien yang merekam data gait dari pasien. Data dari pasien lalu dikirimkan melalui protokol komunikasi nirkabel ZigBee ke  network  coordinator  yang  berfungsi sebagai pengumpul data.  Jaringan  memiliki  topologi dalam bentuk  star dengan data rate  dari sensor  sebesar  50 Hz.  Data dari  network coordinator  kemudian dibaca pada  PC yang  telah dilengkapi perangkat lunak pengolah data untuk diolah  lebih lanjut.  Sistem diuji pada ruangan koridor sejauh 4 meter dengan nilai RSSI atau kuat sinyal bernilai paling kecil sebesar -64 dBm. Dalam hal konsumsi daya, sensor node dapat digunakan secara berkelanjutan dalam jangka waktu 2 jam 25 menit

scholarly journals Mitigation of packet loss with end-to-end delay in wireless body area network applications

2022 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 460
Author(s):  
Suha Sahib Oleiwi ◽  
Ghassan N. Mohammed ◽  
Israa Al_Barazanchi
Keyword(s):  
Network Lifetime ◽  
Routing Protocol ◽  
Packet Loss ◽  
Wireless Body Area Network ◽  
Body Area Network ◽  
Area Network ◽  
Body Area ◽  
Cooperative Routing ◽  
End To End Delay ◽  
End To End

The wireless body area network (WBAN) has been proposed to offer a solution to the problem of population ageing, shortage in medical facilities and different chronic diseases. The development of this technology has been further fueled by the demand for real-time application for monitoring these cases in networks. The integrity of communication is constrained by the loss of packets during communication affecting the reliability of WBAN. Mitigating the loss of packets and ensuring the performance of the network is a challenging task that has sparked numerous studies over the years. The WBAN technology as a problem of reducing network lifetime; thus, in this paper, we utilize cooperative routing protocol (CRP) to improve package delivery via end-to-end latency and increase the length of the network lifetime. The end-to-end latency was used as a metric to determine the significance of CRP in WBAN routing protocols. The CRP increased the rate of transmission of packets to the sink and mitigate packet loss. The proposed solution has shown that the end-to-end delay in the WBAN is considerably reduced by applying the cooperative routing protocol. The CRP technique attained a delivery ratio of 0.8176 compared to 0.8118 when transmitting packets in WBAN.

Wireless Body Sensor Networks for Patient Health Monitoring

2020 ◽  
pp. 132-154
Author(s):  
Bhanu Chander
Keyword(s):  
Energy Savings ◽  
Health Management ◽  
Wireless Body Area Network ◽  
Research Field ◽  
Sensor Nodes ◽  
Medical Examiner ◽  
Body Sensor Networks ◽  
Area Network ◽  
Patient Health ◽  
Wireless Body Sensor Networks

Remote medical health management is the most attractive research field in the domain of WSN. Wireless body area network (WBAN) produces constant, unbroken observation of the patient. Basically, WBAN acts as the appliance of internet of things (IoT) which offers an opportunity to a medical examiner to supervise chronic disease. Dissimilar protocols, guidelines, policies have been developed and developing in the last decade. In WBAN, minute power sensor nodes deployed toward capturing unusual essential signs of patients at home, hospitals in support of analysis purpose and furthermore advise suitable procedures. The main goal of this chapter is to introduce a complete and advanced understanding of WBANs, energy savings methods, human activity monitoring procedures, challenges and research issues, applications, and a comprehensive literature survey.

scholarly journals Cryptanalysis and Improvement of a Privacy-Preserving Three-Factor Authentication Protocol for Wireless Sensor Networks

Sensors ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 19 (21) ◽  
pp. 4625 ◽  
Author(s):  
Km Renuka ◽  
Sachin Kumar ◽  
Saru Kumari ◽  
Chien-Ming Chen
Keyword(s):  
Wireless Sensor Networks ◽  
Sensor Networks ◽  
Sensor Node ◽  
Denial Of Service ◽  
Authentication Protocol ◽  
Sensor Nodes ◽  
Wireless Sensor ◽  
Strong Base ◽  
Gateway Node ◽  
Three Factor

Wireless sensor networks (WSNs) are of prominent use in unmanned surveillance applications. This peculiar trait of WSNs is actually the underlying technology of various applications of the Internet of Things (IoT) such as smart homes, smart cities, smart shopping complexes, smart traffic, smart health, and much more. Over time, WSNs have evolved as a strong base for laying the foundations of IoT infrastructure. In order to address the scenario in which a user wants to access the real-time data directly from the sensor node in wireless sensor networks (WSNs), Das recently proposed an anonymity-preserving three-factor authentication protocol. Das’s protocol is suitable for resource-constrained sensor nodes because it only uses lightweight cryptographic primitives such as hash functions and symmetric encryption schemes as building blocks. Das’s protocol is claimed to be secure against different known attacks by providing formal security proof and security verification using the Automated Validation of Internet Security Protocols and Applications tool. However, we find that Das’s protocol has the following security loopholes: (1) By using a captured sensor node, an adversary can impersonate a legal user to the gateway node, impersonate other sensor nodes to deceive the user, and the adversary can also decrypt all the cipher-texts of the user; (2) the gateway node has a heavy computational cost due to user anonymity and thus the protocol is vulnerable to denial of service (DoS) attacks. We overcome the shortcomings of Das’s protocol and propose an improved protocol. We also prove the security of the proposed protocol in the random oracle model. Compared with the other related protocols, the improved protocol enjoys better functionality without much enhancement in the computation and communication costs. Consequently, it is more suitable for applications in WSNs

PROPAGATION CHARACTERIZATION OF IMPLANTABLE ANTENNA AT UWB FREQUENCY – A REVIEW

2015 ◽  
Vol 77 (7) ◽  
Author(s):  
Maisarah Abu ◽  
Najmiah Radiah Mohamad ◽  
Adib Othman ◽  
Nor Azlan Mohd Aris ◽  
Indra Devi S. ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Wave Propagation ◽  
Radio Wave ◽  
Human Body ◽  
Wireless Body Area Network ◽  
Data Rate ◽  
Healthcare Management ◽  
Implantable Device ◽  
Radio Wave Propagation ◽  
Ultra Wideband ◽  
Area Network

A technology of wireless body area network (WBAN) was invented in order to enhance the quality of healthcare management as well as to determine faster disease prevention. However, to obtain the real-time data of images and videos from inside the human body, an implantable device is required. Currently, the Medical Implant Communication System (MICS) is used, but, this system has limited data rate which is a narrow-band of 402 – 405 MHz. Thus, this study on Ultra Wideband (UWB) for implanted device is conducted as UWB offers a wide transmission bandwidth as well as high data rate. Knowledge of radio wave propagation behaviour inside human body is needed to perform the implantation. Past researches related to this topic are limited and those conducted focused only on the human torso. This paper aims to provide a better understanding on the characteristics of radio wave propagation inside the human body by using an implantable device at UWB frequency. It is also hoped that this study could be used as reference for future research on this subject.

A novel low-power compact WBS human body channel receiver for wearable vital signal sensing application in wireless body-area network

2017 ◽  
Vol 23 (10) ◽  
pp. 4459-4473 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ke Lin ◽  
Bo Wang ◽  
Xing Zhang ◽  
Xinan Wang ◽  
Tingbin Ouyang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Low Power ◽  
Human Body ◽  
Wireless Body Area Network ◽  
Body Area Network ◽  
Area Network ◽  
Body Area ◽  
Sensing Application

scholarly journals Design of a Dual-Band On-Body Antenna for a Wireless Body Area Network Repeater System

2012 ◽  
Vol 2012 ◽  
pp. 1-5 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kyeol Kwon ◽  
Jaegeun Ha ◽  
Soonyong Lee ◽  
Jaehoon Choi
Keyword(s):  
Human Body ◽  
Return Loss ◽  
Wireless Body Area Network ◽  
Dual Band ◽  
Body Area Network ◽  
Area Network ◽  
Resonance Property ◽  
Body Area ◽  
Dual Band Antenna ◽  
Mics Band

A dual-band on-body antenna for a wireless body area network repeater system is proposed. The designed dual-band antenna has the maximum radiation directed toward the inside of the human body in the medical implantable communication service (MICS) band in order to collect vital information from the human body and directed toward the outside in the industrial, scientific, and medical (ISM) band to transmit that information to a monitoring system. In addition, the return loss property of the antenna is insensitive to human body effects by utilizing the epsilon negative zeroth-order resonance property.

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