Relationship of the Aggregation of Cardiovascular Risk Factors in the Parasympathetic Modulation of Young People with Type 1 Diabetes

Background and objectives: In healthy individuals, autonomic alterations are associated with the aggregation of cardiovascular risk factors. However, in individuals with type 1 diabetes, who are known to present autonomic alterations, mainly characterized by a reduction in parasympathetic modulation, these associations have not yet been investigated. We assess whether the aggregation of cardiovascular risk factors influences parasympathetic indices of heart rate variability in young people with type 1 diabetes. Materials and methods: This cross-sectional study included 39 individuals with type 1 diabetes (22.54 ± 4.31), evaluated in relation to the risk factors: blood pressure, fat percentage, and resting heart rate. For heart rate variability analysis, heart rate was recorded beat-to-beat using a cardio frequency meter (PolarS810i) for 30 min with the volunteers in dorsal decubitus. The parasympathetic heart rate variability indices were calculated: rMSSD, pNN50, high frequency (HF) n.u (normalized units), SD1, 2LV, and 2ULV. Data collection was carried out in 2014 and analyzed in 2017. Results: Individuals with two aggregate risk factors present a reduction in the values of the indices that reflect parasympathetic autonomic modulation compared to individuals without the risk factors analyzed, regardless of sex and age. Conclusion: In young people with type 1 diabetes, the aggregation of cardiovascular risk factors is associated with parasympathetic autonomic impairment.

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4-OR: Diabetes Duration and the Relative Importance of Cardiovascular Risk Factors in Type 1 Diabetes

Diabetes ◽

10.2337/db20-4-or ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 69 (Supplement 1) ◽

pp. 4-OR

Author(s):

ELKE R. FAHRMANN ◽

HENRY DRISCOLL

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

Type 1 Diabetes ◽

Cardiovascular Risk ◽

Cardiovascular Risk Factors ◽

Diabetes Duration ◽

Relative Importance

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Nontraditional Cardiovascular Risk Factors in Pediatric Type 1 Diabetes

Current Diabetes Reviews ◽

10.2174/1573399812666161201205322 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 13 (6) ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Robert P. Hoffman

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

Type 1 Diabetes ◽

Cardiovascular Risk ◽

Cardiovascular Risk Factors ◽

Pediatric Type 1 Diabetes

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Impact of Fat Intake on Blood Glucose Control and Cardiovascular Risk Factors in Children and Adolescents with Type 1 Diabetes

Nutrients ◽

10.3390/nu13082625 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 13 (8) ◽

pp. 2625

Author(s):

Chiara Garonzi ◽

Gun Forsander ◽

Claudio Maffeis

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

Type 1 Diabetes ◽

Cardiovascular Risk ◽

Glycemic Control ◽

Children And Adolescents ◽

Cardiovascular Risk Factors ◽

Specific Role ◽

Fat Intake ◽

High Fat

Nutrition therapy is a cornerstone of type 1 diabetes (T1D) management. Glycemic control is affected by diet composition, which can contribute to the development of diabetes complications. However, the specific role of macronutrients is still debated, particularly fat intake. This review aims at assessing the relationship between fat intake and glycemic control, cardiovascular risk factors, inflammation, and microbiota, in children and adolescents with T1D. High fat meals are followed by delayed and prolonged hyperglycemia and higher glycated hemoglobin A1c levels have been frequently reported in individuals with T1D consuming high amounts of fat. High fat intake has also been associated with increased cardiovascular risk, which is higher in people with diabetes than in healthy subjects. Finally, high fat meals lead to postprandial pro-inflammatory responses through different mechanisms, including gut microbiota modifications. Different fatty acids were proposed to have a specific role in metabolic regulation, however, further investigation is still necessary. In conclusion, available evidence suggests that a high fat intake should be avoided by children and adolescents with T1D, who should be encouraged to adhere to a healthy and balanced diet, as suggested by ISPAD and ADA recommendations. This nutritional choice might be beneficial for reducing cardiovascular risk and inflammation.

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