Two New Pentacyclic Triterpene Saponins from the Leaves of Akebia trifoliata

Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma is regarded as one of the most popular and commonly used herbal medicines and has been used in traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) prescriptions for over 2000 years. Pentacyclic triterpene saponins are common secondary metabolites in these plants, which are synthesized via the isoprenoid pathway to produce a hydrophobic triterpenoid aglycone containing a hydrophilic sugar chain. This paper systematically summarizes the chemical structures of triterpene saponins in Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma and reviews and updates their main biological activities studies. Furthermore, the solubilization characteristics, influences, and mechanisms of Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma are elaborated. Solubilization of the triterpene saponins from Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma occurs because they contain the nonpolar sapogenin and water-soluble sidechain. The possible factors affecting the solubilization of Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma are mainly other crude drugs and the pH of the decoction. Triterpene saponins represented by glycyrrhizin from Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma characteristically form micelles due to amphiphilicity, which makes solubilization possible. This overview provides guidance regarding a better understanding of GlycyrrhizaeRadix et Rhizoma and its TCM compatibility, alongside a theoretical basis for the further development and utilization of Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma.

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Triterpene saponins from Chenopodium bonus-henricus roots

Planta Medica ◽

10.1055/s-0033-1352146 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 79 (13) ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Z Kokanova-Nedialkova ◽

R Simeonova ◽

M Kondeva-Burdina ◽

S Nikolov ◽

J Heilmann ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Triterpene Saponins

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Anti-inflammatory effects of triterpene saponins from Kalopanax pictus

Planta Medica ◽

10.1055/s-0033-1352142 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 79 (13) ◽

Author(s):

S Yang ◽

T Quang ◽

N Ngan ◽

H Yoon ◽

Y Kim ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Triterpene Saponins ◽

Kalopanax Pictus ◽

Anti Inflammatory

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Structure and Activity of Pentacyclic Triterpenes Codrugs. A Review

Mini-Reviews in Medicinal Chemistry ◽

10.2174/1389557521666210105110848 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 21 ◽

Author(s):

Justyna Żwawiak ◽

Anna Pawełczyk ◽

Dorota Olender ◽

Lucjusz Zaprutko

Keyword(s):

Biological Activities ◽

Anticancer Activities ◽

Drug Molecule ◽

Pentacyclic Triterpene ◽

Formation Pathway ◽

Chemical Systems ◽

Drug Molecules ◽

Wide Range ◽

Anti Hiv ◽

Structure And Activity

: Triterpenes are a wide and important group of compounds that have several promising pharmacological properties, such as hepatoprotective, anti-inflammatory, anti-HIV, antioxidant, or anticancer activities. Such potent substances can be successfully incorporated in more complex chemical systems e.g. codrugs or pro-drugs that have better pharmacological profile. The codrug is connected with a drug formation pathway to chemically cohere at least two drug molecules to improve positive therapeutic efficiency or decrease side effects. The codrug can be cleaved in the organism to generate effective compounds previously used as substrates. This article presents an overview of codrugs that consist of pentacyclic triterpene moiety that is chosen as a basic codrug moiety due to their wide range of vital activities and another drug molecule fragment. It was found that triterpenoid codrugs are characterized by a wide range of biological activities. However, most of them have anticancer potency.

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Evaluation of the Laxative activity of Saponin Enriched Hydroethanolic Pericarp extract of Sapindus emarginatus in Animal models

Current Bioactive Compounds ◽

10.2174/1573407216999200924162315 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 16 ◽

Author(s):

Lalitha Vivekanandan ◽

Roxanne Gekonge Mandere ◽

Sivakumar Thangavel

Keyword(s):

Animal Models ◽

Gravimetric Analysis ◽

Triterpene Saponins ◽

Laxative Effect ◽

Saponin Content ◽

The Family ◽

Dose Dependent Increase ◽

Dose Dependent ◽

Efficacious Drug

Background: Constipation is a common, predominant, chronic gastrointestinal functional disorder. The drugs available to treat constipation are limited because of their side effects in long term use. So we need of efficacious drug to treat constipation. Sapindus emarginatus Vahl belongs to the family Sapindaceae, commonly known as soapnut. Traditionally used for the antipruritic, antifertility, constipation, and anti-inflammatory agents. Objective: The present study was undertaken to evaluate the laxative activity of hydroethanolic pericarp extract of Sapindus emarginatus (HESE) in animal models. Methods: The saponin content in extract was measured by gravimetric analysis. The laxative activity of hydroethanolic pericarp extract of Sapindus emarginatus is evaluated by the weight of feces matter, charcoal meal hyperperistalsis test, and loperamide induced constipation model. Results: The saponin content of the soapnut pericarp was 13.48 % and the extract was found to be 11.92 %. The results obtained from these models showed a significant dose-dependent increase in fecal weight, peristalsis index, and moisture content compared to control animals. Conclusion: The present study concluded that the oral administration of HESE showed a significant laxative activity by using different animal models. The presence of triterpene saponins is responsible for this activity. Further studies are needed to confirm their mechanism behind the laxative effect. The administration of extract was found to be a valid candidate in constipation therapy.

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