scholarly journals Antimicrobials from Venomous Animals: An Overview

Molecules ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 25 (10) ◽  
pp. 2402 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tania Yacoub ◽  
Mohamad Rima ◽  
Marc Karam ◽  
Jean-Marc Sabatier ◽  
Ziad Fajloun
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Health Problem ◽  
Antimicrobial Agents ◽  
Biological Activities ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
Antimicrobial Activities ◽  
Mechanisms Of Action ◽  
Natural Agents ◽  
Venomous Animals ◽  
Animal Venoms

The inappropriate or excessive use of antimicrobial agents caused an emerging public health problem due to the resulting resistance developed by microbes. Therefore, there is an urgent need to develop effective antimicrobial strategies relying on natural agents with different mechanisms of action. Nature has been known to offer many bioactive compounds, in the form of animal venoms, algae, and plant extracts that were used for decades in traditional medicine. Animal venoms and secretions have been deeply studied for their wealth in pharmaceutically promising molecules. As such, they were reported to exhibit many biological activities of interest, such as antibacterial, antiviral, anticancer, and anti-inflammatory activities. In this review, we summarize recent findings on the antimicrobial activities of crude animal venoms/secretions, and describe the peptides that are responsible of these activities.

scholarly journals A Review of Superbug: A Global Threat in Health Care System

2018 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 25-28 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bhuiyan Mohammad Mahtab Uddin ◽  
Md Abdullah Yusuf ◽  
Zubair Ahmed Ratan
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Health Problem ◽  
Antimicrobial Agents ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
Multidrug Resistant ◽  
Resistant Bacteria ◽  
Major Public Health Problem ◽  
Gram Negative Bacteria ◽  
Gram Negative ◽  
Hospital Acquired

The rapid spread and dissemination of the multidrug-resistant bacteria worldwide represents a major public health problem. The development of antibiotics decreased the mortality among the human and animals leading to a better life expectancy. But the injudicious use of antimicrobials and selection pressure the microbes have developed resistance which became more prominent during last few decades. With the evolution of Methicilin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA), Hospital-acquired MRSA, Communityacquired MRSA and MDR TB (Multidrug resistant tuberculosis) challenge for the clinicians have increased to a greater extent. The global emergence and dissemination of acquired carbapenemases among gram negative bacteria are considered a major public health problem. Gram-negative bacteria, most notably Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and Acinetobacter baumannii, are among the most important causes of serious hospital-acquired and community-onset bacterial infections in humans, and resistance to antimicrobial agents in these bacteria has become an increasingly relevant problem. Recent development in nanotechnology based drug delivery system may prove to be solution for combating these resistant bacteria. However policies and regulations for antibiotic use should be formulated to control the further development of resistance among the microbes.Bangladesh Journal of Infectious Diseases 2017;4(1):25-28

Chagas disease and coumarins: a review of natural and synthetic coumarins as anti-Trypanosoma cruzi agents

2020 ◽  
Vol 21 ◽  
Author(s):  
Guilherme Arraché Gonçalves ◽  
Hugo Cerecetto ◽  
Gilsane Lino von Poser ◽  
Rômulo Faria Santos Canto ◽  
Vera Lucia Eifler-Lima
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Trypanosoma Cruzi ◽  
Chagas Disease ◽  
Health Problem ◽  
Biological Activities ◽  
Wide Spectrum ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
Neglected Tropical Disease ◽  
Limited Efficacy ◽  
Natural And Synthetic

The complexity of Chagas disease is still a challenge in endemic regions and an emergent public health problem in non-endemic countries. The causative agent of this neglected tropical disease, Trypanosoma cruzi, is mainly transmitted by triatomine vectors and possesses multiple epidemiologically important strains. Current chemotherapeutics are outdated and their limited efficacy is one of the major reasons for treatment discontinuation. In this context, it is urgent the development of novel, safe and economically accessible antichagasic drugs. Various classes of heterocycles and natural compounds have been described as potential antichagasic scaffolds, and coumarins are no exception. These versatile compounds have a wide spectrum of biological activities, and numerous natural and synthetic coumarins have been reported with antichagasic potential. The aim of this review is to discuss the available literature between 2001 and 2020 regarding natural and synthetic coumarins with anti-Trypanosoma cruzi activity. Moreover, some of the studies herein comprised are dedicated to the potential of coumarins to inhibit promising targets in Trypanosoma cruzi.

scholarly journals Urbanization and increased cases of scorpionism in Brazilian cities

2020 ◽  
Vol 30 (Supplement_5) ◽  
Author(s):  
S Zanetta ◽  
C Germino ◽  
I Rodrigues ◽  
A Waragaia
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Health Problem ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
Sao Paulo ◽  
São Paulo ◽  
Urban Centers ◽  
New Public Health ◽  
Venomous Animals ◽  
Basic Sanitation

Abstract Introduction Scorpionism is a growing problem in Brazil; the hot climate in most of the country makes it suitable for the proliferation in urban and domestic regions alike. The temperatures, low levels of basic sanitation and disorganized urbanization result in an perfect environment for scorpionic accidents. Objectives Analyze the urbanization of scorpion accidents in the State of São Paulo - SSP as a public health problem. Methods Observational and descriptive study with data from the National System of Notifiable Diseases - SINAN of the Department of Health of Brazil, with direct risk calculation, from the analysis of the incidence of accidents with scorpions in urban areas of SSP, in the period from 1975 to 2019. Results In SSP, accidents with scorpions increased 642% between the years 1975 and 2019 in the most densely urbanized nuclei: the cities of São Paulo, Guarulhos, Campinas, São Bernardo do Campo and Santo André. These cases are associated with increased mortality in children and the elderly and corresponded to 56.63% of the total accidents with venomous animals in the SSP. This increase in the occurrence of scorpionic accidents is associated with the behavior of the animal, which finds conditions for its proliferation in the urban environment facilitated by the absence of predators and becomes a relevant public health problem. Conclusions Urban areas have become a propitious environment to scorpions' proliferation. Urban dynamics, garbage and other urban waste displacement, human habitation, combined with deficiencies in infrastructure and basic sanitation, created the conditions for the emergence of accidents with scorpions in urban areas as a relevant public health problem with significant mortality numbers, especially vulnerable groups of elderly people and children, in the large urban centers of SSP, Brazil. Key messages Discuss the synanthropy and proliferation of venomous animals in urban centers. New public health challenges with the change of accidents with venomous animals from rural to urban areas.

Kindesmisshandlung und deren Langzeitfolgen – Analyse einer repräsentativen deutschen Stichprobe

2019 ◽  
Vol 67 (2) ◽  
pp. 100-111 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andreas Witt ◽  
Rebecca Brown ◽  
Paul L. Plener ◽  
Elmar Brähler ◽  
Jörg M. Fegert ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Health Problem ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
Nachhaltige Entwicklung

Zusammenfassung. Kindesmisshandlung stellt einen bedeutenden Risikofaktor für die Entwicklung dar. Einzelne Formen von Kindesmisshandlung treten häufig nicht isoliert auf, sondern das gemeinsame Auftreten verschiedener Formen von Kindesmisshandlung stellt eher die Regel als die Ausnahme dar. Neben den langfristigen und vielfältigen individuellen Folgen führt Kindesmisshandlung jährlich zu einer hohen gesamtgesellschaftlichen Belastung. Die WHO hat Kindesmisshandlung als großes Public Health Problem identifiziert und die Vereinten Nationen haben den Kampf gegen Kindesmisshandlung zum Ziel in ihrer Agenda für nachhaltige Entwicklung gemacht. In dem vorliegenden Beitrag werden die Häufigkeit sowie das gemeinsame Auftreten unterschiedlicher Formen von Kindesmisshandlung sowie deren Assoziation mit psychischen und somatischen Folgen auf Basis einer bevölkerungsrepräsentativen Stichprobe untersucht und dargestellt. Die Ergebnisse verdeutlichen den Zusammenhang zwischen der Kumulation verschiedener Formen von Misshandlung und negativen Folgen für die Betroffenen. So ist das Risiko für negative Konsequenzen beim Erleben von vier oder mehr Formen von Misshandlung um das bis zu 10-fache erhöht. Viel zu selten werden die kumulativen Effekte von mehreren Belastungen berücksichtigt. Gerade weil die Wirkweisen über die Misshandlung, die Gesundheit beeinflusst, zunehmend gut untersucht sind, muss dieses Wissen im Gesundheitswesen stärker bei der Konzeption von Präventions- und Interventionsmaßnahmen berücksichtigt werden.

PUBLIC HEALTH PROBLEM IN THE HISTORY OF RUSSIAN SOCIOLOGY

2017 ◽  
Vol 19 (3) ◽  
pp. 155-159
Author(s):  
I.E. Levchenko ◽  
◽  
A.Y. Kuznetsov ◽  
E.G. Korniltseva ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Health Problem ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
History Of

Difusi dan Pola Spasial Sebaran Penyakit Demam Berdarah Dengue (DBD) Di Kota Bandar Lampung

2018 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 87-95
Author(s):  
Nurul Qamila ◽  
Agel Vidian Krama
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Spatial Analysis ◽  
Aedes Aegypti ◽  
Dengue Virus ◽  
Spatial Pattern ◽  
Dengue Hemorrhagic Fever ◽  
Health Problem ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
Hemorrhagic Fever ◽  
Descriptive Method

Dengue hemorrhagic fever (DHF) is a contagious disease caused by the dengue virus and is transmitted by the mosquito Aedes aegypti (Aa.aegypti). The population is still a public health problem that increases the number of sufferers and also widespread, with population and education. This study aims to reveal the spatial pattern and distribution of Dengue Hemorrhagic Fever (DHF) with the spatial pattern and the spread of Dengue Hemorrhagic Fever (DHF) can result in different locations of these allegations. From the map that can be used for the prevention of Dengue Hemorrhagic Fever (DBD) in Bandar Lampung City. This study aims to reveal the spatial pattern and distribution of Dengue Hemorrhagic Fever (DHF) with the descriptive method and spatial pattern of Dengue Hemorrhagic Fever (DHF) can result in different locations of these allegations. From the map that can be used for the prevention of Dengue Hemorrhagic Fever (DBD) in Bandar Lampung City. Keywords: DHF, Spatial Analysis

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