Impact of Oral Intake of Glucosylceramide Extracted from Pineapple on Xerostomia: A Double-Blind Randomized Cross-Over Trial

Background: The aim of this double-blind randomized cross-over trial was to evaluate the effect of oral intake of glucosylceramide extracted from pineapple on oral moisture and xerostomia symptoms. Methods: Sixteen participants who had xerostomia symptoms were randomly allocated into two groups. One group received, as test samples, tablets containing glucosylceramide extracted from pineapple (GCP) followed by placebo tablets. The other group received the test samples in the reverse order. Participants were instructed to take tablets of the first test sample once a day (after breakfast) for two consecutive weeks. Then, after a washout period of four weeks, participants were instructed to take the other test sample for two consecutive weeks. The oral moisture level of the lingual mucosa, xerostomia symptoms, and the number of fungiform papillae was evaluated. Results: The oral moisture significantly increased, and the visual analog scale (VAS) of “How is the dryness of your mouth?” significantly improved after GCP tablets intake and not after placebo tablets intake. The number of fungiform papillae was not significantly different following the intake of GCP tablets or placebo tablets. Conclusion: Results suggested that oral intake of GCP may improve the moisture level and xerostomia symptoms.

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Effect of Chlorophyllin on Urinary Odor in Incontinent Geriatric Patients

Drug Intelligence & Clinical Pharmacy ◽

10.1177/106002808301701006 ◽

1983 ◽

Vol 17 (10) ◽

pp. 732-734 ◽

Cited By ~ 13

Author(s):

Milap C. Nahata ◽

Carole A. Slencsak ◽

Judith Kamp

Keyword(s):

Visual Analog Scale ◽

Washout Period ◽

Geriatric Patients ◽

Odor Intensity ◽

Controlled Study ◽

Analog Scale ◽

Double Blind ◽

Mean Intensity ◽

The Mean ◽

Percent Decrease

This randomized, double-blind, crossover, placebo-controlled study involved 20 incontinent geriatric patients; all had indwelling Foley catheters. Each patient received chlorophyllin 100 mg/d for two weeks and placebo daily for two weeks, separated by a washout period of one week. For each subject, the intensity of urinary odor was measured ten times during both the treatment and placebo regimen and three times during the washout period, using a visual analog scale. A decrease in urinary odor was associated with chlorophyllin in 12 patients and with placebo in 6 patients at the end of two weeks on each regimen. Chlorophyllin treatment was associated with about a 21-percent decrease in mean urinary odor intensity, whereas placebo increased the odor by about 9 percent. The mean intensity of urinary odor was lowest during the second week of chlorophyllin treatment. Despite the decrease in urinary odor in many patients receiving chlorophyllin, its effect was not significantly greater than that of placebo. Our data suggest that chlorophyllin 100 mg/d for two weeks may not be effective in incontinent geriatric patients with mild to moderate urinary odor.

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Efficacy of Calcipotriol 0.005% Ointment for Uremic Xerosis with Pruritus in Chronic Kidney Diseases Undergoing Hemodialysis Patients: Randomized Double Blind Clinical Trial

BioScientia Medicina ◽

10.32539/bsm.v5i6.319 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 5 (6) ◽

pp. 531-539

Author(s):

Widyastuti ◽

Yulia Farida Yahya ◽

Suroso Adi Nugroho ◽

Soenarto Kartowigno ◽

M. Izazi Hari Purwoko ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Adverse Effect ◽

Placebo Group ◽

Visual Analog Scale ◽

Kidney Diseases ◽

Double Blind Study ◽

Surface Lipid ◽

Dry Skin ◽

Analog Scale ◽

Double Blind ◽

Skin Score

Introduction: Uremic xerosis with pruritus (UXP) is a chronic cutaneous complication among patients undergoing maintenance renal dialysis. Uremic xerosis level is directly related with pruritus severity or vice versa. Uremic xerosis with pruritus may lead to discomfort and negative psychological effect. The ethiopathogenesis still unknown, Most of treatments are empirical, and there is no effective and safe therapy. Emollient has not been effective enough to improve quality of life. There is some report about efficacy of topical vitamin D in xerosis and chronic pruritus. Objective: We evaluate the efficacy of calcipotriol 0.005% ointment for uremic xerosis and uremic pruritus in chronic kidney disease patients undergoing hemodialysis. Material & methode: Sixty two patients with UXP were enrolled, randomized double blind study. Patients were divided to two group, calcipotriol 0.005% ointment group or placebo. In baseline, patients were instructed to apply twice daily for four weeks. We assesesment the efficacy and safety of calcipotriol 0.005% ointment and placebo after 2nd and 4th weeks treatment using overall dry skin score (ODSS), visual analog scale (VAS), corneometer and sebumeter. We also assessed adverse effect and tolerance this drugs using visual assessment scale. Results: Overall dry skin score (ODSS) and visual analog scale (VAS) significantly decreased in calcipotriol 0.005% ointment group than in placebo group (p <0.05). Skin hydration level based on Corneometer score and skin surface lipid based on Sebumeter score was significantly increased in calcipotriol 0.005% ointment group than in placebo group (p <0.05). Cure rate and clinical improvement for calcipotriol 0.005% ointment group was significantly higher than placebo group. There was no adverse effect between two groups after treatment. Conclusion: calcipotriol 0.005% ointment is effective than placebo and can be used as alternative or adjuctive treatment and safe and tolerance for UXP.

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Ondansetron Is Effective to Treat Spinal or Epidural Morphine-induced Pruritus

Anesthesiology ◽

10.1097/00000542-199902000-00017 ◽

1999 ◽

Vol 90 (2) ◽

pp. 432-436 ◽

Cited By ~ 85

Author(s):

Alain Borgeat ◽

Hans-Ruedi Stirnemann

Keyword(s):

Placebo Group ◽

Side Effects ◽

Visual Analog Scale ◽

Case Reports ◽

Controlled Study ◽

Epidural Administration ◽

Analog Scale ◽

Double Blind ◽

Hemoglobin Oxygen Saturation ◽

Group A

Background Spinally and epidurally administered morphine is frequently associated with pruritus. Isolated case reports indicate that ondansetron may be effective in this context. This study aims to investigate the effectiveness of ondansetron to treat this side effect. Methods In a prospective, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study, 100 patients with pruritus (> 4 on a visual analog scale, on which 0 represents no pruritus and 10 represents worst pruritus imaginable) after spinal or epidural administration of morphine, received either 8 mg ondansetron intravenously (ondansetron group) in 100 ml NaCl 0.9% or vehicle (placebo group). A decrease of more than 4 points on the visual analog scale 60 min after treatment was considered a success. Changes in levels of pain and sedation, hemodynamic values, and other side effects were checked regularly. The presence or absence of pruritus was assessed for the last time 24 h later. Results The two groups were similar for demographic characteristics, the route of administration of morphine, and severity of pruritus at the beginning of the study. The ondansetron group showed a success rate of 70% versus 30% for the placebo group (P > 0.05). Among the successfully treated patients, three (9%) in the ondansetron group and six (40%) in the placebo group reported the recurrence of pruritus (P < 0.05). Among the successfully treated patients, none complained of residual pruritus 24 h later. No changes in pain or sedation levels were noted. Hemodynamic values remained stable, hemoglobin oxygen saturation did not decrease, and no other side effects were observed. Conclusion The administration of 8 mg ondansetron intravenously is an effective treatment for spinally or epidurally administered morphine-induced pruritus. In this clinical condition the treatment is safe and well tolerated.

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Reducing the Pain of Local 1% Lidocaine Infiltration with a Preceding Bacteriostatic Saline Injection

Journal of the American Podiatric Medical Association ◽

10.7547/1010223 ◽

2011 ◽

Vol 101 (3) ◽

pp. 223-230 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Stephen L. Barrett ◽

Jim Maxka ◽

Jamie N. Mieras ◽

Kimbal E. Cooper

Keyword(s):

Benzyl Alcohol ◽

Visual Analog Scale ◽

Saline Solution ◽

Prospective Trial ◽

Injection Technique ◽

Medical Procedure ◽

Analog Scale ◽

Double Blind ◽

Scale Scores ◽

Lidocaine Injection

Background: Lidocaine injection for local anesthesia is a common podiatric medical procedure. We tested the hypothesis that injection of bacteriostatic saline solution containing 0.9% benzyl alcohol before the lidocaine infiltration can reduce the burning caused by lidocaine injection. Methods: This double-blind prospective trial involved 45 participants who each received four injections in two areas of the dorsum of the foot and rated the perceived pain on a visual analog scale. The order of the injections was designed to disguise the control and intervention arms of the study. Results: The sensation of the lidocaine injection after the injection of saline was reduced significantly (P = .028). The percentage of lidocaine injections with visual analog scale scores of 0 increased by 36% after preinjection with bacteriostatic saline solution containing 0.9% benzyl alcohol. Conclusions: The fact that 40% of the intervention visual analog scale pain scores for lidocaine injections were 0 suggests that a near painless lidocaine injection technique is an achievable goal and that the present technique is a simple and inexpensive method of reducing the pain of lidocaine injections. (J Am Podiatr Med Assoc 101(3): 223–230, 2011)

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The Local Addition of Tenoxicam Reduces the Incidence of Low Back Pain after Lumbar Epidural Anesthesia

Anesthesiology ◽

10.1097/00000542-199812000-00019 ◽

1998 ◽

Vol 89 (6) ◽

pp. 1414-1417 ◽

Cited By ~ 10

Author(s):

Yung-Liang Wang ◽

Jing-Ru Hsieh ◽

Ham-See Chung ◽

Chi-Lun Yu ◽

Angie C. Y. Ho ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Visual Analog Scale ◽

Epidural Anesthesia ◽

Epidural Needle ◽

Control Group ◽

Double Blind Study ◽

Analog Scale ◽

Double Blind ◽

Local Skin ◽

Skin Infiltration ◽

Lumbar Epidural Anesthesia

Background Postepidural backache is a common postoperative complaint after lumbar epidural anesthesia. Useful interventions to decrease the incidence of postepidural backache would be helpful. Methods We performed a prospective, randomized, double-blind study to compare the effect of local addition of tenoxicam on the incidence of postepidural backache after nonobstetric surgery. One thousand unpremedicated ASA physical status I or II patients scheduled for hemorrhoidectomy were assigned randomly to tenoxicam or control groups. Patients in the control group received 25 ml lidocaine, 2%, with epinephrine 1:200,000 epidurally and 4 ml lidocaine, 1%, for local skin infiltration. Patients in the tenoxicam group received 25 ml lidocaine, 2%, with epinephrine 1:200,000 epidurally and 4 ml lidocaine, 1%, with tenoxicam (2 mg) 1:2,000 for local skin infiltration. Patients were interviewed at 24, 48, and 72 h postoperatively using a standard visual analog scale for evaluation of postepidural backache. A patient was considered to have postepidural backache when the postoperative visual analog scale score was higher than the preoperative score. Results The incidence of postepidural backache in patients in the control group for the 3 days were 22.8%, 17.4%, and 9.2%, all of which were significantly more frequent than observed in the patients in the tenoxicam group (6.8%, 4.0%, and 1.2%, P < 0.01). There was a significant association between backache and multiple attempts at epidural needle insertion. Conclusion In summary, the local addition of tenoxicam reduced the incidence and severity of postepidural backache.

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Steroids and control of post-tonsillectomy pain

The Journal of Laryngology & Otology ◽

10.1017/s0022215100123837 ◽

1993 ◽

Vol 107 (7) ◽

pp. 605-606 ◽

Cited By ~ 15

Author(s):

A. K. Tewary ◽

H. R. Cable ◽

G. S. Barr

Keyword(s):

Surgical Technique ◽

Visual Analog Scale ◽

Blind Study ◽

Double Blind Study ◽

Appreciable Effect ◽

Analog Scale ◽

Double Blind ◽

Post Operative Pain ◽

And Control

A prospective, randomized, double-blind study to assess the effect of steroids on post-tonsillectomy pain was performed on 82 adults. The premedication, anaesthesia, surgical technique and post-operative analgesia were standardized. Pain was assessed on a visual analog scale. Steroids were found to have no appreciable effect on the amount of post-operative pain.

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Local Efficacy of Corticosteroids as an Adjuvant for Periarticular Cocktail Injection in Simultaneous Bilateral Total Knee Arthroplasty: A Prospective Randomized Double-blind Controlled Trial

10.21203/rs.3.rs-59553/v1 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

huiming peng ◽

wei wang ◽

jin lin ◽

xisheng weng ◽

wenwei qian ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Total Knee Arthroplasty ◽

Visual Analog Scale ◽

Knee Arthroplasty ◽

Controlled Trial ◽

Visual Analog Scale Score ◽

Analog Scale ◽

Double Blind ◽

Total Knee ◽

Double Blinded ◽

Hss Score

Abstract Background: Multimodal cocktail periarticular injection(MCPI) including corticosteroids is currently widely applied to reduce postoperative pain and swelling following total knee arthroplasty (TKA). However the addition of steroids is controversial.This prospective, double-blinded, randomized, controlled trial compares the safety and efficacy of MCPI with or without corticosteroids.Methods: A total of 60 patients (120 knees) who underwent simultaneous bilateral TKAs received periarticular injections with added betamethasone (7mg) in a randomly selected knee, and the other knee was injected without added corticosteroids. The visual analog scale(VAS) pain scores at rest and in motion, range of motion (ROM), thigh swelling, hospital for special surgery(HSS) score, and adverse events were compared between the 2 knees.Results: There were no statistically significant differences in the visual analog scale score, ROM, thigh girth, HSS score, and complications between the 2 kness. The patients were unable to detect a difference in the functional recovery between their knees on postoperative day 3or at the 3 month follow-up.Conclusion: Betamethasone injections are ineffective locally for relieving pain, reducing swelling, and improving the postoperative ROM.Trial registration: Chinese Clinical Trial RegistryNumber: ChiCTR-OPC-17013503, Date of Registration: 2017-11-23 URL:http://www.chictr.org.cn/showproj.aspx?proj=23146

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Preemptive use of adjunctive IV lidocaine for enhanced recovery after abdominal hysterectomy for overweight and obese women: a prospective, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study

International Journal of Reproduction Contraception Obstetrics and Gynecology ◽

10.18203/2320-1770.ijrcog20210741 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 10 (3) ◽

pp. 1095

Author(s):

Nahla Waer Shady ◽

Hassan Ahmed Farouk ◽

Hany Farouk Sallam

Keyword(s):

Visual Analog Scale ◽

Bolus Dose ◽

Abdominal Hysterectomy ◽

Controlled Study ◽

Obese Women ◽

Intravenous Lidocaine ◽

Analog Scale ◽

Double Blind ◽

Lidocaine Group ◽

Pain Scores

Background: This investigation planned to evaluate the clinical results of adjunctive IV lidocaine bolus dose plus infusion for one hour after surgery in patients who underwent an abdominal hysterectomy in obese and overweight women.Methods: We performed a double-blind, placebo-controlled study, (ClinicalTrials.gov identifier: NC03748108), with patients undergoing abdominal hysterectomy divided into 2 groups: one group received intravenous lidocaine single bolus dose preoperatively and IV infusions till one hour after the surgical procedure, and the opposite received normal saline infusion (placebo). We assessed postoperative results, including pain scores rankings on a visual analog scale (VAS) in rest and movement, administration frequency of pethidine. Postoperative nausea and vomiting, the period of hospital stay (LOS), time to ambulate, and patient satisfaction at forty-eight hours had been evaluated. Chi-square test and Monte Carlo test have been used for comparison among groups.Results: There were 120 patients in our study. The visual analog scale (VAS), pain scores, length of hospital stay (LOS), and administration frequency of pethidine were significantly lower in the lidocaine group. The total amount of consumed pethidine was significantly lower in the lidocaine than the placebo group. There was a significant reduction in post-operative pain which was assessed by visual analog scale (VAS) after 2,4,8,12, and 24 hours either during movement or during rest in the lidocaine group compared to the placebo group, p=(0. 0001,0.0001,0.0001,0.0001 and 0.0001).Conclusions: The administration of adjuvant intravenous lidocaine infusion reduces pain during the postoperative period after abdominal hysterectomy, is associated with early recovery, decreased postoperative opioid analgesic requirement, and better patient satisfaction in overweight and obese women undergoing abdominal hysterectomy.

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Evaluation effectiveness of 0.1% nepafenac on injection-related pain in patients undergoing intravitreal Ozurdex injection

Therapeutic Advances in Ophthalmology ◽

10.1177/2515841419861856 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 11 ◽

pp. 251584141986185

Author(s):

Tevfik Ogurel ◽

Reyhan Ogurel ◽

Fatma Ozkal ◽

Yaşar Ölmez ◽

Nurgül Örnek ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Pain Score ◽

Visual Analog Scale ◽

Analgesic Effect ◽

Topical Anesthesia ◽

Controlled Study ◽

Analog Scale ◽

Double Blind ◽

Visual Analog Scale Pain ◽

Group 2 ◽

Group 1

Purpose: To evaluate the analgesic effect of topical 0.1% nepafenac solution during intravitreal Ozurdex injection. Methods: This prospective, randomized, double-blind placebo-controlled study included 59 patients who were diagnosed with retinal vein occlusion or pseudophakic cystoid macular edema and were selected to receive intravitreal Ozurdex injection. The patients were divided into two groups. Group 1, consisting of 31 eyes of 31 patients, received topical 0.1% nepafenac with topical anesthesia (0.5% proparacaine HCl, Alcaine; Alcon, TX, USA), and group 2, consisting of 28 eyes of 28 patients, received placebo with topical anesthesia. Results: There were 14 (45.2%) men and 17 (54.8%) women in group 1 and 16 (57.1%) men and 12 (42.9%) women in group 2. The mean age of the subjects was 64.42 ± 5.51 years in group 1 and 62.32 ± 7.54 years in group 2. The median visual analog scale pain score was 2 (1–3) in group 1 and 4 (1–6) in group 2. The visual analog scale pain score was significantly lower in group 1 than in group 2 ( p < 0.001). Conclusion: Topical 0.1% nepafenac has an additive analgesic effect when combined with topical anesthesia for intravitreal Ozurdex injection.

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