scholarly journals Stachys sieboldii Miq. Root Attenuates Weight Gain and Dyslipidemia in Rats on a High-Fat and High-Cholesterol Diet

Nutrients ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (7) ◽  
pp. 2063 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jennifer K. Lee ◽  
Jae-Joon Lee ◽  
Yeon-Kyoung Kim ◽  
Youngseung Lee ◽  
Jung-Heun Ha
Keyword(s):  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
Cholesterol Metabolism ◽  
Atherogenic Index ◽  
Lipid Lowering ◽  
Cardiac Risk Factor ◽  
Epididymal Adipose Tissue ◽  
High Cholesterol Diet ◽  
High Cholesterol ◽  
High Fat ◽  
Stachys Sieboldii

This study aimed at investigating the anti-obesity and anti-dyslipidemic effects of Stachys sieboldii Miq. root (SS) powder in rats following a high-fat and high-cholesterol (HFC) diet for 6 weeks. Thirty-two Sprague–Dawley rats were fed one of the following diets: a regular diet (RD), HFC, HFC supplemented with 3% SS (HFC + 3SS) or HFC supplemented with 5% SS (HFC + 5SS). Following an HFC diet increased body weight (BW) gain (p < 0.001) and the food efficiency ratio (FER; p < 0.001); however, SS consumption gradually prevented the HFC-induced BW gain (p < 0.001) and increase in FER (p < 0.01). The HFC diet resulted in increased liver size (p < 0.001) and total adipose tissue weight (p < 0.001), whereas the SS supplementation decreased hepatomegaly (p < 0.05) and body fat mass (p < 0.001). SS consumption prevented the increased activities of serum alanine aminotransferase (ALT; p < 0.001), aspartate aminotransferase (AST; p < 0.001), alkaline phosphatase (ALP; p < 0.01 in HFC + 5SS) and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH; p < 0.001 in HFC + 5SS) induced by the HFC diet (p < 0.001). The SS supplementation improved lipid profiles in the circulation by lowering triglyceride (TG; p < 0.01), total cholesterol (TC; p < 0.001) and non-HDL cholesterol (non-HDL-C; p < 0.001) levels, as well as the atherogenic index (p < 0.01) and cardiac risk factor (p < 0.01). The lipid distribution in the liver (p < 0.05) and white adipose tissues (WAT; p < 0.001) of the HFC + SS diet-consuming rats was remarkably lower than that of the HFC diet-consuming rats. The average size of the epididymal adipose tissue (p < 0.001) was significantly lower in the HFC + SS diet-fed rats than in the HFC diet-fed rats. The fecal lipid (>3% SS; p < 0.001) and cholesterol (5% SS; p < 0.001) efflux levels were significantly elevated by the SS supplementation compared to those measured in the RD or HFC diet-fed groups. In addition, the hepatic lipid and cholesterol metabolism-related gene expressions were affected by SS consumption, as the hepatic anabolic gene expression (Acc; p < 0.001, Fas; p < 0.001 and G6pdh; p < 0.01) was significantly attenuated. The HFC + 5SS diet-fed rats exhibited elevated hepatic Cyp7a1 (p < 0.001), Hmgcr (p < 0.001) and Ldlr (p < 0.001) mRNA expression levels compared to the HFC diet-fed rats. These results suggest that SS may possess anti-adipogenic and lipid-lowering effects by enhancing lipid and cholesterol efflux in mammals.

Lipid-Lowering Effect of Eriocitrin, the Main Flavonoid in Lemon Fruit, in Rats on a High-Fat and High-Cholesterol Diet

2006 ◽  
Vol 71 (9) ◽  
pp. S633-S637 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yoshiaki Miyake ◽  
Eriko Suzuki ◽  
Satoko Ohya ◽  
Syuichi Fukumoto ◽  
Masanori Hiramitsu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lipid Lowering ◽  
High Cholesterol Diet ◽  
Cholesterol Diet ◽  
High Cholesterol ◽  
High Fat ◽  
Lemon Fruit ◽  
Lowering Effect ◽  
Lipid Lowering Effect

Pharmacological activation of LXR in utero directly influences ABC transporter expression and function in mice but does not affect adult cholesterol metabolism

2008 ◽  
Vol 295 (6) ◽  
pp. E1341-E1348 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. M. E. van Straten ◽  
N. C. A. Huijkman ◽  
J. F. W. Baller ◽  
F. Kuipers ◽  
T. Plösch
Keyword(s):  
Fetal Development ◽  
Cholesterol Metabolism ◽  
In Utero ◽  
Cholesterol Homeostasis ◽  
High Cholesterol Diet ◽  
Cholesterol Diet ◽  
High Cholesterol ◽  
High Fat ◽  
Hepatic Expression ◽  
Cholesterol Levels

Cholesterol is critical for several cellular functions and essential for normal fetal development. Therefore, its metabolism is tightly controlled during all life stages. The liver X receptors-α (LXRα; NR1H3) and -β (LXRβ; NR1H2) are nuclear receptors that are of key relevance in coordinating cholesterol and fatty acid metabolism. The aim of this study was to elucidate whether fetal cholesterol metabolism can be influenced in utero via pharmacological activation of LXR and whether this would have long-term effects on cholesterol homeostasis. Administration of the LXR agonist T0901317 to pregnant mice via their diet (0.015% wt/wt) led to induced fetal hepatic expression levels of the cholesterol transporter genes Abcg5/g8 and Abca1, higher plasma cholesterol levels, and lower hepatic cholesterol levels compared with controls. These profound changes during fetal development did not affect cholesterol metabolism in adulthood nor did they influence coping with a high-fat/high-cholesterol diet. This study shows that the LXR system is functional in fetal mice and susceptible to pharmacological activation. Despite massive changes in fetal cholesterol metabolism, regulatory mechanisms involved in cholesterol metabolism return to a “normal” state in offspring and allow coping with a high-fat/high-cholesterol diet.

scholarly journals ANTI-ATHEROSCLEROTIC AND LIPID LOWERING EFFECTS OF CINNAMOMUM VERUM IN CHOLESTEROL-FED RABBITS

2016 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 75 ◽  
Author(s):  
Suresh C. Joshi ◽  
Pratibha K. Jain ◽  
Priyanka Sharma
Keyword(s):  
Atherogenic Index ◽  
Lipid Lowering ◽  
High Cholesterol Diet ◽  
Phytochemical Analysis ◽  
Dependent Manner ◽  
Cholesterol Diet ◽  
High Cholesterol ◽  
Histological Changes ◽  
Marked Decline ◽  
Dose Dependent

Objective: The present study was designed to investigate the antihyperlipidemic and anti-atherosclerotic activity of 70% methanolic crude extract of Cinnamomum verum bark in high cholesterol-fed diet rabbits.Methods: C. verum extract was administered at a dose level of 200 mg/kg and 300 mg/kg (p. o) daily for 120 d to cholesterol-fed rabbits. Lipid profile in serum and histological changes in heart and aorta were investigated. The statistical analysis was carried out by student’s ‘t’test.Results: Plant extract showed a significant decrease in the levels of serum total cholesterol, triglycerides, phospholipids, LDL, VLDL (P ≤ 0.001) in a dose-dependent manner in treated animals. HDL ratio improved overwhelmingly as well as the marked decline was also noticed in the atherogenic index after administration with C. verum extract. Histopathological examinations demonstrated less cholesterol deposits in the aorta and significant increase in lumen size of coronary arteries of high cholesterol diet animals given C. verum compared to the high cholesterol diet animals not given C. verum supplement.Conclusion: The phytochemical analysis of methanol extracts indicated a strong presence of alkaloids, flavonoids, tannins, phenols, saponins and fatty acids may be responsible for the significant hypolipidaemic as well as antiatherosclerotic activity. Our study exhibited that the methanol extract of C. verum bark is a potent hypolipidaemic agent and decreased cholesterol deposition in the aorta and plaque formation process in the coronary artery of high cholesterol diet animals.

Metabolic response of soy pinitol on lipid-lowering, antioxidant and hepatoprotective action in hamsters fed-high fat and high cholesterol diet

2009 ◽  
Vol 53 (6) ◽  
pp. 751-759 ◽  
Author(s):  
Myung-Sook Choi ◽  
Mi-Kyung Lee ◽  
Un Ju Jung ◽  
Hye-Jin Kim ◽  
Geoyng-Min Do ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Metabolic Response ◽  
Lipid Lowering ◽  
High Cholesterol Diet ◽  
Cholesterol Diet ◽  
High Cholesterol ◽  
High Fat

scholarly journals Hypercholesterolemia and 27-Hydroxycholesterol Increase S100A8 and RAGE Expression in the Brain: a Link Between Cholesterol, Alarmins, and Neurodegeneration

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Raúl Loera-Valencia ◽  
Muhammad-Al-Mustafa Ismail ◽  
Julen Goikolea ◽  
Maria Lodeiro ◽  
Laura Mateos ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cholesterol Metabolism ◽  
Primary Cultures ◽  
Transgenic Mouse Model ◽  
Intraventricular Injection ◽  
High Cholesterol Diet ◽  
Cholesterol Diet ◽  
High Cholesterol ◽  
High Fat ◽  
The Brain ◽  
Rage Expression

AbstractAlterations in cholesterol metabolism in the brain have a major role in the physiology of Alzheimer’s disease (AD). Oxysterols are cholesterol metabolites with multiple implications in memory functions and in neurodegeneration. Previous studies have shown detrimental effects of cholesterol metabolites in neurons, but its effect in glial cells is unknown. We used a high-fat/high-cholesterol diet in mice to study the effects of hypercholesterolemia over the alarmin S100A8 cascade in the hippocampus. Using CYP27Tg, a transgenic mouse model, we show that the hypercholesterolemia influence on the brain is mediated by the excess of 27-hydroxycholesterol (27-OH), a cholesterol metabolite. We also employed an acute model of 27-OH intraventricular injection in the brain to study RAGE and S100A8 response. We used primary cultures of neurons and astrocytes to study the effect of high levels of 27-OH over the S100A8 alarmin cascade. We report that a high-fat/high-cholesterol diet leads to an increase in S100A8 production in the brain. In CYP27Tg, we report an increase of S100A8 and its receptor RAGE in the hippocampus under elevated 27-OH in the brain. Using siRNA, we found that 27-OH upregulation of RAGE in astrocytes and neurons is mediated by the nuclear receptor RXRγ. Silencing RXRγ in neurons prevented 27-OH-mediated upregulation of RAGE. These results show that S100A8 alarmin and RAGE respond to high levels of 27-OH in the brain in both neurons and astrocytes through RXRγ. Our study supports the notion that 27-OH mediates detrimental effects of hypercholesterolemia to the brain via alarmin signaling.

Sub-chronic microcystin-LR renal toxicity in rats fed a high fat/high cholesterol diet

Chemosphere ◽  
2020 ◽  
pp. 128773
Author(s):  
Tarana Arman ◽  
Katherine D. Lynch ◽  
Michael Goedken ◽  
John D. Clarke
Keyword(s):  
Renal Toxicity ◽  
High Cholesterol Diet ◽  
Cholesterol Diet ◽  
High Cholesterol ◽  
High Fat
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