scholarly journals A Study of the Properties of the QCD Phase Diagram in High-Energy Nuclear Collisions

Particles ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 278-307 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiaofeng Luo ◽  
Shusu Shi ◽  
Nu Xu ◽  
Yifei Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Ion ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Baryon Density ◽  
Heavy Flavor ◽  
Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider ◽  
Density Region ◽  
Nuclear Collisions ◽  
Qcd Phase Diagram ◽  
Beam Energy Scan ◽  
Ion Collision

With the aim of understanding the phase structure of nuclear matter created in high-energy nuclear collisions at finite baryon density, a beam energy scan program has been carried out at Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider (RHIC). In this mini-review, most recent experimental results on collectivity, criticality and heavy flavor productions will be discussed. The goal here is to establish the connection between current available data and future heavy-ion collision experiments in a high baryon density region.

scholarly journals Chiral Magnetic Effects in Nuclear Collisions

2020 ◽  
Vol 70 (1) ◽  
pp. 293-321 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wei Li ◽  
Gang Wang
Keyword(s):  
National Laboratory ◽  
Hadron Collider ◽  
Transport Phenomena ◽  
Heavy Ion ◽  
Gluon Plasma ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Brookhaven National Laboratory ◽  
Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider ◽  
Nuclear Collisions ◽  
Chiral Magnetic Effect

The interplay of quantum anomalies with strong magnetic fields and vorticity in chiral systems could lead to novel transport phenomena, such as the chiral magnetic effect (CME), the chiral magnetic wave (CMW), and the chiral vortical effect (CVE). In high-energy nuclear collisions, these chiral effects may survive the expansion of a quark–gluon plasma fireball and be detected in experiments. The experimental searches for the CME, the CMW, and the CVE have aroused extensive interest over the past couple of decades. The main goal of this article is to review the latest experimental progress in the search for these novel chiral transport phenomena at the Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider at Brookhaven National Laboratory and the Large Hadron Collider at CERN. Future programs to help reduce uncertainties and facilitate the interpretation of the data are also discussed.

Strange particle effective temperatures in relativistic nuclear collisions

2020 ◽  
Vol 29 (02) ◽  
pp. 2050009
Author(s):  
Oana Ristea ◽  
Catalin Ristea ◽  
Alexandru Jipa
Keyword(s):  
Energy Dependence ◽  
Sudden Change ◽  
Heavy Ion ◽  
Strange Particle ◽  
Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider ◽  
Nuclear Collisions ◽  
Effective Temperatures ◽  
Relativistic Nuclear Collisions ◽  
Onset Of Deconfinement ◽  
Beam Energy Scan

The energy dependence of the effective temperatures of charged kaons, [Formula: see text] and [Formula: see text] produced in Au[Formula: see text]Au collisions at the Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider (RHIC) Beam Energy Scan (BES) energies are presented. At energies around [Formula: see text][Formula: see text]GeV, there is a sudden change in the energy dependence of [Formula: see text] and [Formula: see text] effective temperatures, while at higher energies a slower, continuous rise up to [Formula: see text][Formula: see text]TeV is observed. This behavior is similar with previous SPS results and could indicate the onset of deconfinement in this energy range. The [Formula: see text] effective temperatures increase with energy and no plateau-like behavior is evidenced by the data.

scholarly journals An Experimental Review on Heavy-Flavorv2in Heavy-Ion Collision

2016 ◽  
Vol 2016 ◽  
pp. 1-12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Md. Nasim ◽  
Roli Esha ◽  
Huan Zhong Huang
Keyword(s):  
Hadron Collider ◽  
Large Mass ◽  
Heavy Ion ◽  
Azimuthal Anisotropy ◽  
Relativistic Heavy Ion Collisions ◽  
Dense Medium ◽  
Heavy Flavor ◽  
Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider ◽  
Ion Collisions ◽  
Ion Collision

For over a decade now, the primary purpose of relativistic heavy-ion collisions at the Relativistic Heavy-Ion Collider (RHIC) and the Large Hadron Collider (LHC) has been to study the properties of QCD matter under extreme conditions—high temperature and high density. The heavy-ion experiments at both RHIC and LHC have recorded a wealth of data in p+p, p+Pb, d+Au, Cu+Cu, Cu+Au, Au+Au, Pb+Pb, and U+U collisions at energies ranging fromsNN=7.7 GeV to 7 TeV. Heavy quarks are considered good probe to study the QCD matter created in relativistic collisions due to their very large mass and other unique properties. A precise measurement of various properties of heavy-flavor hadrons provides an insight into the fundamental properties of the hot and dense medium created in these nucleus-nucleus collisions, such as transport coefficient and thermalization and hadronization mechanisms. The main focus of this paper is to present a review on the measurements of azimuthal anisotropy of heavy-flavor hadrons and to outline the scientific opportunities in this sector due to future detector upgrade. We will mainly discuss the elliptic flow of open charmed meson (D-meson),J/ψ, and leptons from heavy-flavor decay at RHIC and LHC energy.

scholarly journals Experimental Overview on Heavy Flavor Production in Heavy Ion Collisions.

2018 ◽  
Vol 172 ◽  
pp. 04004
Author(s):  
Cesar L. da Silva
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Ion ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Mass Hierarchy ◽  
Heavy Flavor ◽  
Nuclear Collisions ◽  
Ion Collisions ◽  
Heavy Flavor Production ◽  
200 Gev ◽  
The Media ◽  
8 Tev

The use of probes containing heavy quarks is one of the pillars for the study of medium formed in high energy nuclear collisions. The conceptual ideas formulated more than two decades ago, such as quark mass hierarchy of the energy that the probe lose in the media and color screening of bound heavy quarkonia states, have being challenged by the measurements performed at RHIC and LHC. A summary of the most recent experimental observations involving charm and bottom quarks in pp, pA, and AA collisions from collisions energies extending from √sNN =200 GeV to 8 TeV is presented. This manuscript also discuss possibilities of new measurements which can be at reach with increased statistics and detector upgrades.

scholarly journals The STAR Detector Upgrades and Electromagnetic Probes in Beam Energy Scan Phase II

2018 ◽  
Vol 46 ◽  
pp. 1860009
Author(s):  
Chi Yang
Keyword(s):  
Phase Ii ◽  
Beam Energy ◽  
Baryon Density ◽  
Direct Photon ◽  
Density Region ◽  
Qcd Phase Diagram ◽  
Plane Detector ◽  
Order Of Magnitude ◽  
Time Projection ◽  
Beam Energy Scan

The Beam Energy Scan Phase II at RHIC, BES-II, is scheduled from year 2019 to 2020 and will explore the high baryon density region of the QCD phase diagram with high precision. The program will focus on the interesting energy region determined from the results of BES-I. Some of the key measurements anticipated are the chiral symmetry restoration and QGP thermal radiation in the dilepton and direct photon channels. The measurements will be possible with an order of magnitude better statistics provided by the electron cooling upgrade of RHIC and with the detector upgrades planned to extend STAR experimental reach. The upgrades are: the inner Time Projection Chamber sectors (iTPC), the Event Plane Detector (EPD), and the end-cap Time of Flight (eTOF). We present the BES-II program details and the physics opportunities in the dilepton and direct photon channels enabled by the upgrades.

scholarly journals A New Heavy Flavor Program for the Future Electron-Ion Collider

2020 ◽  
Vol 235 ◽  
pp. 04002 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xuan Li ◽  
Ivan Vitev ◽  
Melynda Brooks ◽  
Lukasz Cincio ◽  
J. Matthew Durham ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Energy Loss ◽  
National Laboratory ◽  
Heavy Ion ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Distribution Functions ◽  
Heavy Flavor ◽  
Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider ◽  
Initial State ◽  
Heavy Flavor Production ◽  
The Future

The proposed high-energy and high-luminosity Electron–Ion Collider (EIC) will provide one of the cleanest environments to precisely determine the nuclear parton distribution functions (nPDFs) in a wide x–Q2 range. Heavy flavor production at the EIC provides access to nPDFs in the poorly constrained high Bjorken-x region, allows us to study the quark and gluon fragmentation processes, and constrains parton energy loss in cold nuclear matter. Scientists at the Los Alamos National Laboratory are developing a new physics program to study heavy flavor production, flavor tagged jets, and heavy flavor hadron-jet correlations in the nucleon/nucleus going direction at the future EIC. The proposed measurements will provide a unique way to explore the flavor dependent fragmentation functions and energy loss in a heavy nucleus. They will constrain the initial-state effects that are critical for the interpretation of previous and ongoing heavy ion measurements at the Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider and the Large Hadron Collider. We show an initial conceptual design of the proposed Forward Silicon Tracking (FST) detector at the EIC, which is essential to carry out the heavy flavor measurements. We further present initial feasibility studies/simulations of heavy flavor hadron reconstruction using the proposed FST.

scholarly journals Implementation of ACTS into sPHENIX Track Reconstruction

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Joseph D. Osborn ◽  
Anthony D. Frawley ◽  
Jin Huang ◽  
Sookhyun Lee ◽  
Hugo Pereira Da Costa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nuclear Physics ◽  
High Efficiency ◽  
National Laboratory ◽  
Performance Status ◽  
Heavy Ion ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Brookhaven National Laboratory ◽  
Heavy Flavor ◽  
Track Reconstruction ◽  
Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider

AbstractsPHENIX is a high energy nuclear physics experiment under construction at the Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider at Brookhaven National Laboratory (BNL). The primary physics goals of sPHENIX are to study the quark-gluon-plasma, as well as the partonic structure of protons and nuclei, by measuring jets, their substructure, and heavy flavor hadrons in $$p$$ p $$+$$ + $$p$$ p , p + Au, and Au + Au collisions. sPHENIX will collect approximately 300 PB of data over three run periods, to be analyzed using available computing resources at BNL; thus, performing track reconstruction in a timely manner is a challenge due to the high occupancy of heavy ion collision events. The sPHENIX experiment has recently implemented the A Common Tracking Software (ACTS) track reconstruction toolkit with the goal of reconstructing tracks with high efficiency and within a computational budget of 5 s per minimum bias event. This paper reports the performance status of ACTS as the default track fitting tool within sPHENIX, including discussion of the first implementation of a time projection chamber geometry within ACTS.

scholarly journals The STAR detector upgrades and physics in beam energy scan phase II

2018 ◽  
Vol 182 ◽  
pp. 02130 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chi Yang
Keyword(s):  
Phase Ii ◽  
Beam Energy ◽  
Baryon Density ◽  
Electron Cooling ◽  
Density Region ◽  
Qcd Phase Diagram ◽  
Plane Detector ◽  
Order Of Magnitude ◽  
Beam Energy Scan ◽  
Star Detector

The Beam Energy Scan Phase II at RHIC, BES-II, is scheduled from year 2019 to 2020 and will explore the high baryon density region of the QCD phase diagram with high precision. The program will focus on the interesting energy region determined from the results of BES-I. Some of the key measurements anticipated are: the net-protons kurtosis that could search for the critical point, the directed flow that might prove a softening of the EOS, and the chiral symmetry restoration in the dilepton channel. The measurements will be possible with the order of magnitude better statistics provided by the electron cooling upgrade of RHIC and with the detector upgrades planned to extend STAR experimental reach. The upgrades are: the inner TPC sectors (iTPC), the Event Plane Detector (EPD), and the end-cap TOF (eTOF). We present the BES-II program details and the physics opportunities enabled by these upgrades.

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