Molecular Epidemiology of Sapovirus in Children Living in the Northwest Amazon Region

Sapovirus is an important etiological agent of acute gastroenteritis (AGE), mainly in children under 5 years old living in lower-income communities. Eighteen identified sapovirus genotypes have been observed to infect humans. The aim of this study was to identify sapovirus genotypes circulating in the Amazon region. Twenty-eight samples were successfully genotyped using partial sequencing of the capsid gene. The genotypes identified were GI.1 (n = 3), GI.2 (n = 7), GII.1 (n = 1), GII.2 (n = 1), GII.3 (n = 5), GII.5 (n = 1), and GIV.1 (n = 10). The GIV genotype was the most detected genotype (35.7%, 10/28). The phylogenetic analysis identified sapovirus genotypes that had no similarity with other strains reported from Brazil, indicating that these genotypes may have entered the Amazon region via intense tourism in the Amazon rainforest. No association between histo-blood group antigen expression and sapovirus infection was observed.

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Molecular analysis of G3P[6] rotavirus in the Amazon region of Brazil: evidence of reassortment with equine-like strains

Future Microbiology ◽

10.2217/fmb-2020-0002 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Ana C Silva Serra ◽

Edivaldo CS Júnior ◽

Jonas F Cruz ◽

Patrícia S Lobo ◽

Edvaldo TP Júnior ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Phylogenetic Analysis ◽

Amino Acid ◽

Molecular Analysis ◽

Sanger Sequencing ◽

Amazon Region ◽

Evolutionary Mechanisms ◽

Partial Sequencing ◽

Rotavirus A ◽

Genotype Constellation ◽

Neutralizing Epitopes

Aim: To perform a molecular analysis of rotavirus A (RVA) G3P[6] strains detected in 2012 and 2017 in the Amazon region of Brazil. Materials & methods: Eighteen RVA G3P[6] strains were collected from children aged under 10 years hospitalized with acute gastroenteritis, and partial sequencing of each segment genome was performed using Sanger sequencing. Results: Phylogenetic analysis showed that all G3P[6] strains had a DS-1-like genotype constellation. Two strains had the highest nucleotide identities with equine-like G3P[6]/G3P[8] genotypes. Several amino acid alterations in VP4 and VP7 neutralizing epitopes of equine-like RVA G3P[6] strains were observed in comparison with vaccine strains. Conclusion: These findings suggest that equine-like RVA G3P[6] strains have been circulating in the Amazon region of Brazil as a result of direct importation, and support natural RVA evolutionary mechanisms.

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Late-Holocene palaeoenvironmental reconstruction from a lake in the Amazon Rainforest-Tropical Savanna (Cerrado) boundary in Brazil using a multi-proxy approach

The Holocene ◽

10.1177/09596836211019091 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 095968362110190

Author(s):

Kury Milena Souza ◽

Moreira Luciane Silva ◽

Cordeiro Renato Campello ◽

Sifeddine Abdelfettah ◽

Turcq Bruno ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Late Holocene ◽

Amazon Region ◽

Amazon Rainforest ◽

Oxbow Lake ◽

Tropical Savanna ◽

Sedimentary Process ◽

Climatic Fluctuations ◽

Climate Conditions ◽

Depositional Processes ◽

Lake Formation

As an ecotone, the region between the Amazon Rainforest and Tropical Savanna (Cerrado) biomes is, by definition, more susceptible to climate change. Therefore, understanding palaeoenvironmental dynamics is essential to address the future responses of such transition areas to climatic fluctuations. In this context, we present a new sediment record for the Late-Holocene retrieved from Barro-Preto, currently an oxbow lake located in an ecotone at the southern Brazilian Amazon border. Our multi-proxy data include carbon and nitrogen isotopes, as well as bulk TOC, chlorophyll derivatives, grain-size and microcharcoal analyses, all anchored on a radiocarbon-dated chronology. The sedimentary process recorded at the Barro-Preto Lake responded to both local and regional climate dynamics. It was influenced by river excursions associated to local responses to precipitation changes by the activation of the palaeochannel connecting the main-stem river and the Barro-Preto lake. This activation was evidenced by the presence of different colour lithology laminations accompanied by coarser sediments and also by climate conditions known to influence the Amazon region. Depositional processes linked to lake dynamics and different oxbow lake cycle stages were also important to explain the changes verified in the Barro-Preto record, endorsing the use of this lake formation for palaeoclimatic reconstructions. The record indicated a rising humidity trend, reflected by a progressive increase in lacustrine productivity, in accordance to other studies carried out in the Amazon region concerning the Late-Holocene, associated with a more southward displacement of the Intertropical Convergence Zone. Despite this rising humidity trend, dry episodic events during the Late-Holocene were evidenced by charcoal data, also coherent with regional Amazon studies, albeit exhibiting increased intensity, suggesting that the transitional nature of the environment might have influenced susceptibility to fires.

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Furuncular Myiasis by Dermatobia hominis (Diptera: Oestridae) in Wild Jaguars in the Amazon Rainforest

Journal of Medical Entomology ◽

10.1093/jme/tjab057 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Matheus Mickael Mota Soares ◽

Luana Machado Barros ◽

Daniela Aparecida Savariz Bôlla ◽

Marlus Queiroz Almeida ◽

Diego da Costa Souza ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Brazilian Amazon ◽

First Record ◽

Amazon Region ◽

Amazon Rainforest ◽

Panthera Onca ◽

Dermatobia Hominis ◽

Furuncular Myiasis

Abstract Two individuals of the jaguar, Panthera onca (L.), were captured near the municipality of Presidente Figueiredo, Brazilian Amazon, during the years of 2017 and 2018. The jaguars presented furuncular myiasis caused by the human botfly Dermatobia hominis (L.) on the rear thighs and tail. This is the first record of infestation of D. hominis in P. onca in the Amazon region.

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ABO and P1 Blood Group Antigen Expression andstxGenotype and Outcome of ChildhoodEscherichia coliO157:H7 Infections

The Journal of Infectious Diseases ◽

10.1086/338480 ◽

2002 ◽

Vol 185 (2) ◽

pp. 214-219 ◽

Cited By ~ 23

Author(s):

Srdjan Jelacic ◽

Cheryl L. Wobbe ◽

Daniel R. Boster ◽

Marcia A. Ciol ◽

Sandra L. Watkins ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Blood Group ◽

Antigen Expression ◽

Blood Group Antigen

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ABO histo-blood group antigen expression on the graft endothelium long term after ABO-compatible, non-identical heart transplantation.

Xenotransplantation ◽

10.1111/j.1399-3089.2006.00288.x ◽

2006 ◽

Vol 13 (2) ◽

pp. 166-170 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Simon C. Koestner ◽

Andreas Kappeler ◽

Thomas Schaffner ◽

Thierry P. Carrel ◽

Paul J. Mohacsi

Keyword(s):

Heart Transplantation ◽

Blood Group ◽

Antigen Expression ◽

Blood Group Antigen

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Modulation of ABH histo-blood group antigen expression in normal and myasthenic human thymus

Apmis ◽

10.1111/j.1600-0463.2006.apm_506.x ◽

2006 ◽

Vol 114 (10) ◽

pp. 669-674

Author(s):

VICTORIA S. SARAFIAN ◽

TSVETANA T. MARINOVA

Keyword(s):

Blood Group ◽

Antigen Expression ◽

Blood Group Antigen ◽

Human Thymus

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Molecular epidemiology of norovirus from patients with acute gastroenteritis in northwestern Spain

Epidemiology and Infection ◽

10.1017/s0950268814000740 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 143 (2) ◽

pp. 316-324 ◽

Cited By ~ 7

Author(s):

C. F. MANSO ◽

J. L. ROMALDE

Keyword(s):

Phylogenetic Analysis ◽

Molecular Epidemiology ◽

Genetic Drift ◽

Acute Gastroenteritis ◽

Age Groups ◽

Capsid Gene ◽

High Prevalence ◽

High Incidence ◽

Northwestern Spain

SUMMARYThe high incidence of norovirus (NoV) infections seems to be related to the emergence of new variants that evolved by genetic drift of the capsid gene. In this work, that represents a first effort to describe the molecular epidemiology of NoV in the northwest of Spain, a total of eight different NoV genotypes (GII.1, GII.3, GII.4, GII.6, GII.7, GII.12, GII.13, GII.14) were detected. The major genotypes observed were GII.4 (45·42%) and GII.14 (34·9%), being detected in all age groups. In addition, and although most of GII.4 sequences belonged to 2006b (7·2%) and 2010 (50·35%) variants, the presence of new NoV variants was observed. Phylogenetic analysis revealed that a high number of GII.4 sequences (35·24%) could be assigned to the newly emerging Sydney 2012 variant, even during late 2010. The high prevalence of NoV GII.14 observed in this study may indicate the emergence of this genotype in Spain.

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Prevalence and Genetic Diversity of Group A Rotavirus Genotypes in Moscow (2019–2020)

Pathogens ◽

10.3390/pathogens10060674 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 10 (6) ◽

pp. 674

Author(s):

Anton Yuzhakov ◽

Ksenia Yuzhakova ◽

Nadezhda Kulikova ◽

Lidia Kisteneva ◽

Stanislav Cherepushkin ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Infectious Disease ◽

Genetic Diversity ◽

Acute Gastroenteritis ◽

Rt Pcr ◽

Clinical Hospital ◽

Group A Rotavirus ◽

Group A ◽

First Time ◽

Common Combination ◽

Children Under 5

Group A rotavirus (RVA) infection is the leading cause of hospitalization of children under 5 years old, presenting with symptoms of acute gastroenteritis. The aim of our study was to explore the genetic diversity of RVA among patients admitted to Moscow Infectious Disease Clinical Hospital No. 1 with symptoms of acute gastroenteritis. A total of 653 samples were collected from May 2019 through March 2020. Out of them, 135 (20.67%) fecal samples were found to be positive for rotavirus antigen by ELISA. RT-PCR detected rotavirus RNA in 80 samples. Seven G-genotypes (G1, G2, G3, G4, G8, G9, and G12) and three P-genotypes (P[8], P[4], and P[6]) formed 9 different combinations. The most common combination was G9P[8]. However, for the first time in Moscow, the combination G3P[8] took second place. Moreover, all detected viruses of this combination belonged to Equine-like G3P[8] viruses that had never been detected in Russia before. The genotype G8P[8] and G9P[4] rotaviruses were also detected in Moscow for the first time. Among the studied rotaviruses, there were equal proportions of Wa and DS-1-like strains; previous studies showed that Wa-like strains accounted for the largest proportion of rotaviruses in Russia.

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