scholarly journals An African Canine Trypanosomosis Case Import: Is There a Possibility of Creating a Secondary Focus of Trypanosoma congolense Infection in France?

Pathogens ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (9) ◽  
pp. 709
Author(s):  
Florence Calvet ◽  
Hacène Medkour ◽  
Oleg Mediannikov ◽  
Caroline Girardet ◽  
Antoine Jacob ◽  
...  

African animal trypanosomosis are parasitic diseases caused by several protozoa of the genus Trypanosoma, transmitted by hematophagous insects, essentially tsetse flies, but also, less frequently by Tabanidae and Stomoxidae. They are geolocated in a part of the continent and affect livestock animals and carnivores; dogs are especially sensitive to them. They do not seem to present a zoonotic risk. Despite the chemical prevention with trypanocides for French military working dogs on mission in Côte d’Ivoire, a fatal case induced by Trypanosoma congolense in France after returning from Abidjan raises the question of an imported secondary focus. The clinical case was developed and the causative agent was confirmed by microscopy and PCR methods. The three necessary pillars to create a secondary potential focus are present: the parasite introduction in a new territory, the presence and the propagation vectors, and their proximity with sensitive species.

2013 ◽  
Vol 194 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stéphanie Watier-Grillot ◽  
Stéphane Herder ◽  
Jean-Lou Marié ◽  
Gérard Cuny ◽  
Bernard Davoust

Author(s):  
Anna Schuh-Renner ◽  
Catherine Rappole ◽  
Sara B. Mullaney ◽  
Emilee Venn ◽  
Tyson L. Grier

Author(s):  
Purity K. Gitonga ◽  
Kariuki Ndung’u ◽  
Grace A. Murilla ◽  
Paul C. Thande ◽  
Florence N. Wamwiri ◽  
...  

African animal trypanosomiasis causes significant economic losses in sub-Saharan African countries because of livestock mortalities and reduced productivity. Trypanosomes, the causative agents, are transmitted by tsetse flies (Glossina spp.). In the current study, we compared and contrasted the virulence characteristics of five Trypanosoma congolense and Trypanosoma brucei isolates using groups of Swiss white mice (n = 6). We further determined the vectorial capacity of Glossina pallidipes, for each of the trypanosome isolates. Results showed that the overall pre-patent (PP) periods were 8.4 ± 0.9 (range, 4–11) and 4.5 ± 0.2 (range, 4–6) for T. congolense and T. brucei isolates, respectively (p < 0.01). Despite the longer mean PP, T. congolense–infected mice exhibited a significantly (p < 0.05) shorter survival time than T. brucei–infected mice, indicating greater virulence. Differences were also noted among the individual isolates with T. congolense KETRI 2909 causing the most acute infection of the entire group with a mean ± standard error survival time of 9 ± 2.1 days. Survival time of infected tsetse flies and the proportion with mature infections at 30 days post-exposure to the infective blood meals varied among isolates, with subacute infection–causing T. congolense EATRO 1829 and chronic infection–causing T. brucei EATRO 2267 isolates showing the highest mature infection rates of 38.5% and 23.1%, respectively. Therefore, our study provides further evidence of occurrence of differences in virulence and transmissibility of eastern African trypanosome strains and has identified two, T. congolense EATRO 1829 and T. brucei EATRO 2267, as suitable for tsetse infectivity and transmissibility experiments.


2018 ◽  
Vol 253 (7) ◽  
pp. 877-885 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shane J. Andrews ◽  
Todd M. Thomas ◽  
Joe G. Hauptman ◽  
Bryden J. Stanley

1988 ◽  
Vol 153 (7) ◽  
pp. 341-345 ◽  
Author(s):  
John R. Royal ◽  
William F. Freccia ◽  
Loren C. Christensen ◽  
Ronald Bell

2007 ◽  
Vol 231 (8) ◽  
pp. 1215-1220 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rebecca I. Evans ◽  
John R. Herbold ◽  
Benjamin S. Bradshaw ◽  
George E. Moore

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