Molecular Identification of Zoonotic Parasites of the Genus Anisakis (Nematoda: Anisakidae) from Fish of the Southeastern Pacific Ocean (Off Peru Coast)

The study aims to perform, for the first time, the molecular identification of anisakid larvae in commercial fish from the Southeastern Pacific Ocean off the Peru coast, and to provide data on their infection level by fishing ground, fish host, and site of infection. Fish specimens (N = 348) from the northern and the central coast of Peru were examined for parasites. The fish fillets were examined by the UV-press method. Anisakis spp. larvae (N = 305) were identified by mtDNA cox2 sequences analysis and by the ARMS-PCR of the locus nas10 nDNA. Two hundred and eighty-eight Anisakis Type I larvae corresponded to Anisakis pegreffii, whereas 17 Anisakis Type II larvae clustered in a phylogenetic lineage distinct from Anisakis physeteris deposited in GenBank, and corresponding to a phylogenetic lineage indicated as Anisakis sp. 2, previously detected in fish from both Pacific and Atlantic waters. Anisakis pegreffii was found to infect both the flesh and viscera, while Anisakis sp. 2 occurred only in the viscera. The average parasitic burden with A. pegreffii in the examined fish species from the two fishing grounds was significantly higher than that observed with Anisakis sp. 2. The results obtained contribute to improve the knowledge on the distribution and occurrence of Anisakis species in Southeastern Pacific waters and their implications in seafood safety for the local human populations.

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Molecular identification and epidemiological data of Anisakis spp. (Nematoda: Anisakidae) larvae from Southeastern Pacific Ocean off Peru

International Journal for Parasitology Parasites and Wildlife ◽

10.1016/j.ijppaw.2021.09.001 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Rosa Martínez-Rojas ◽

Aarón Mondragón-Martínez ◽

Estrellita Rojas De-Los-Santos ◽

Lidia Cruz-Neyra ◽

Enrique García-Candela ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Pacific Ocean ◽

Molecular Identification ◽

Epidemiological Data ◽

Southeastern Pacific ◽

Anisakis Spp

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Investigating the genetic structure of the parasites Anisakis pegreffii and A. berlandi (Nematoda: Anisakidae) in a sympatric area of the southern Pacific Ocean waters using a multilocus genotyping approach: First evidence of their interspecific hybridization

Infection Genetics and Evolution ◽

10.1016/j.meegid.2021.104887 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 104887

Author(s):

Eleonora Bello ◽

Marialetizia Palomba ◽

Stephen C. Webb ◽

Michela Paoletti ◽

Paolo Cipriani ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Genetic Structure ◽

Pacific Ocean ◽

Interspecific Hybridization ◽

Anisakis Pegreffii ◽

Multilocus Genotyping ◽

Southern Pacific Ocean

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Description of adults and larvae of a new deep water species ofHyalinoecia(Polychaeta, Onuphidae) from the Southeastern Pacific Ocean

Journal of Natural History ◽

10.1080/00222938300770061 ◽

1983 ◽

Vol 17 (1) ◽

pp. 87-93 ◽

Cited By ~ 9

Author(s):

Franklin D. Carrasco

Keyword(s):

Pacific Ocean ◽

Deep Water ◽

Southeastern Pacific ◽

Deep Water Species ◽

Water Species

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Occurrence of nematodes of the genus Anisakis in Mediterranean and Atlantic fish marketed in Sardinia

Italian Journal of Food Safety ◽

10.4081/ijfs.2017.6185 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 6 (1) ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

Daniele Casti ◽

Christian Scarano ◽

Maria Cristina Piras ◽

Paolo Merella ◽

Sonia Muglia ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Visual Inspection ◽

Sensu Stricto ◽

Body Cavity ◽

The Body ◽

Type I ◽

Merluccius Merluccius ◽

Commercial Fish ◽

Scomber Colias ◽

Third Stage ◽

The Mean

Anisakiasis is a gastrointestinal fishborne zoonosis caused by the ingestion of third stage larvae of the genus Anisakis. Between January and December 2013, 1112 specimens of four commercial fish species (Engraulis encrasicolus, Merluccius merluccius, Scomber colias and Trachurus mediterraneus) marketed in Sardinia (Italy) were examined for Anisakis sp. The overall prevalence of Anisakis spp larvae was 39.9%, all morphologically identified as Type I. Scomber colias showed the highest prevalence (100%), followed by M. merluccius (Atlantic 91.0%, Mediterranean 71.2%), T. mediterraneus (32.7%) and E. encrasicolus (25.9%). All the larvae found in Mediterranean hosts were genetically identified as Anisakis pegreffii, whereas 90.0% of the larvae found in the Atlantic M. merluccius belonged to Anisakis simplex sensu stricto and 10.0% to A. pegreffii. The mean abundance of Anisakis sp. larvae was positively correlated with fish size in E. encrasicolus, Atlantic M. merluccius and local M. merluccius. The prevalence of infection was greater in the body cavity (37.9%) than in the edible muscle (9.4%). However, 1.8% of the examined fish were infected exclusively in the muscle. Therefore, the risk associated to the consumption of raw or undercooked fishery products poses the need of measures such as visual inspection and preventive treatments to guarantee consumers’ health.

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Taxonomic reassessment of the Indo-Pacific Scytosiphonaceae (Phaeophyceae): Hydroclathrus rapanuii sp. nov. and Chnoospora minima from Easter Island, with proposal of Dactylosiphon gen. nov. and Pseudochnoospora gen. nov.

Botanica Marina ◽

10.1515/bot-2017-0089 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 61 (1) ◽

pp. 47-64 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

Wilfred John E. Santiañez ◽

Erasmo C. Macaya ◽

Kyung Min Lee ◽

Ga Youn Cho ◽

Sung Min Boo ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Pacific Ocean ◽

Phylogenetic Analyses ◽

Easter Island ◽

New Genera ◽

Monotypic Genus ◽

Southeastern Pacific ◽

Molecular Phylogenetic ◽

Thin Membranes ◽

Hydroclathrus Clathratus ◽

Molecular Phylogenetic Data

AbstractA new and putatively endemic species ofHydroclathrus,Hydroclathrus rapanuii, is described from the geographically isolated Easter Island in the southeastern Pacific based on morphological and molecular phylogenetic data. It is distinguished from otherHydroclathrusby thalli of unevenly furrowed thin membranes, and angular, block-like plurangial sori. Our phylogenetic analyses indicated thatH. rapanuiiis closely related to the generitypeHydroclathrus clathratus. We also report on the morphology and phylogeny ofChnoospora minimafrom Easter I. and elsewhere in the Indo-Pacific Ocean, noting the previously unreported presence of hollow portions in its medulla. Although not collected from Easter I., we herein propose the recognition of two new genera,Dactylosiphongen. nov. andPseudochnoosporagen. nov., based on our three-gene phylogeny and their known morphologies and anatomies.Dactylosiphonis based on the three species currently assigned toColpomenia(C. bullosa,C. durvillei, andC. wynnei) that are genetically and morphologically (i.e. thalli with erect and finger-like tubes arising from a common saccate base) distinct from other members ofColpomenia. The monotypic genusPseudochnoosporais represented by the decumbent, branching, and inter-adhesive species currently known asChnoospora implexa. With the above proposals, we further increase the genus-level diversity of Scytosiphonaceae in the Indo-Pacific Ocean.

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