Development of PLA/EVA Reactive Blends for Heat-Shrinkable Film

Heat-shrinkable films have widely been used for various applications such as shrinkable labels and cap seals. These plastics have generally a short life. The biodegradable polymers can thus be an ideal candidate for such applications. This work aimed to study the stretching and shrinking ratio of poly(lactic acid)/ethylene vinyl acetate through reactive blends system for heat-shrinkable films application. The reactive agents, Joncryl® and Perkadox were used as in situ compatibilizers. PLA/EVA with 100/0, 97/3, 95/5, 93/7, and 90/10 ratios were prepared in the twin screw extruder. Neat PLA and PLA/EVA films were fabricated by blown film extrusion. The results revealed that the elongation at break of PLA in the TD direction was improved when adding EVA. PLA and EVA film with 0.1 phr of Perkadox was found to be sufficient as evident by FESEM micrograph and DMTA results. The films were stretched and shrunk at a temperature of 70 °C. The percentage of shrinkage of the stretched PLA/EVA reactive blend films, two and three times were, 100%, approximately. On the other hand, the four-times stretched films shrunk less than 100% because of the excessive stretching, which resulted in film breakage and defect.

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Mechanical Properties of Biodegradable Mulch Films Contained Poly(Lactic Acid) and Modified Natural Rubber Prepared by Blown Film Extrusion

Applied Mechanics and Materials ◽

10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.873.117 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 873 ◽

pp. 117-122

Author(s):

Tarinee Nampitch ◽

Thiti Kaisone ◽

Pran Hanthanon ◽

Chanon Wiphanurat ◽

Sumate Ouipanich ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Carbon Black ◽

Poly Lactic Acid ◽

Carbonyl Groups ◽

Biodegradable Film ◽

Film Extrusion ◽

Blown Film ◽

Biodegradable Mulch ◽

Ester Linkage ◽

Mulch Films ◽

Blown Film Extrusion

The present research aimed to develop biodegradable mulch films that could resolve the environmental problem in agriculture. The research also compared the properties of transparent and black commercial mulch films. Blended films were prepared by blown-film extrusion, heating at 170 °C, and rotation at 55 rpm. The results revealed that the appearance of FTIR spectra were shown as functional groups of PBAT, described at 1710 cm-1 and 1267 cm-1, which corresponds to carbonyl groups in ester linkage and C-O in ester linkage, respectively. The presence of O-H carboxylic acids, attributed within the range 910-950 cm-1. The films containing 10% PLA loading showed peaks from 937 to 1712 cm-1, more than films containing 20% PLA loading. The carbon black contained in the biodegradable film could interrupt the mobility of the polymer chain, leading to decreased Tm, while the incorporation of carbon black in biodegradable mulch films could increase the tensile properties of blends.

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Poly(lactic acid) (PLA) Based Tear Resistant and Biodegradable Flexible Films by Blown Film Extrusion

Materials ◽

10.3390/ma11010148 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 11 (1) ◽

pp. 148 ◽

Cited By ~ 34

Author(s):

Norma Mallegni ◽

Thanh Phuong ◽

Maria-Beatrice Coltelli ◽

Patrizia Cinelli ◽

Andrea Lazzeri

Keyword(s):

Lactic Acid ◽

Poly Lactic Acid ◽

Film Extrusion ◽

Flexible Films ◽

Blown Film ◽

Blown Film Extrusion

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Influence of Processing Parameters on the Tensile Strength of PA-W/mLLDPE Composite Films Produced by Blown Film Extrusion

MATEC Web of Conferences ◽

10.1051/matecconf/201817103001 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 171 ◽

pp. 03001 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Nancy Zgheib ◽

Doumit Tahan ◽

Sylvain Seif ◽

Nemr El Hajj

Keyword(s):

Tensile Strength ◽

Coupling Agent ◽

Composite Films ◽

Processing Parameters ◽

Blown Films ◽

Calcium Carbonates ◽

Film Extrusion ◽

Blown Film ◽

Twin Screw ◽

Blown Film Extrusion

Extrusion blown films from Polyamide waste/metallocene linear low-density polyethylene (PAW/mLLDPE) blend based matrix system and calcium carbonates particles were successfully produced and characterized. Also, the effect of the extruder temperature used during twin-screw compounding, the coupling agent loading and PA loading on the mechanical properties of the obtained films were studied. The key aspect of the present study was in investigating the optimal combination of factors by using Design of Experiment (DOE) approach. The responses measured were the tensile strength in the machine direction (MD) and the tensile strength in the transverse direction (TD). Among the selected processing parameters, the coupling agent and the interaction between the coupling agent and the PA loading have the most important influence on the tensile strength.

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Blown film extrusion of poly(lactic acid) without melt strength enhancers

Journal of Applied Polymer Science ◽

10.1002/app.45212 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 134 (34) ◽

pp. 45212 ◽

Cited By ~ 13

Author(s):

Sonal S. Karkhanis ◽

Nicole M. Stark ◽

Ronald C. Sabo ◽

Laurent M. Matuana

Keyword(s):

Lactic Acid ◽

Poly Lactic Acid ◽

Melt Strength ◽

Film Extrusion ◽

Blown Film ◽

Blown Film Extrusion

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Plasticization Effect of Poly(Lactic Acid) in the Poly(Butylene Adipate–co–Terephthalate) Blown Film for Tear Resistance Improvement

Polymers ◽

10.3390/polym12091904 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 12 (9) ◽

pp. 1904 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Do Young Kim ◽

Jae Bin Lee ◽

Dong Yun Lee ◽

Kwan Ho Seo

Keyword(s):

Lactic Acid ◽

Adipic Acid ◽

Acid Ester ◽

Extrusion Process ◽

Poly Lactic Acid ◽

Product Packaging ◽

Film Extrusion ◽

Blown Film ◽

Blown Film Extrusion ◽

Tear Resistance

The mechanical properties and tear resistance of an ecofriendly flexible packaging film, i.e., poly(lactic acid) (PLA)/poly (butylene adipate–co–terephthalate) (PBAT) film, were investigated via a blown film extrusion process. The application of PLA and PBAT in product packaging is limited due to the high brittleness, low stiffness, and incompatibility of the materials. In this study, the effects of various plasticizers, such as adipate, adipic acid, glycerol ester, and adipic acid ester, on the plasticization of PLA and fabrication of the PLA/PBAT blown film were comprehensively evaluated. It was determined that the plasticizer containing ether and ester functionalities (i.e., adipic acid ester) improved the flexibility of PLA as well as its compatibility with PBAT. It was found that the addition of the plasticizer effectively promoted chain mobility of the PLA matrix. Moreover, the interfacial adhesion between the plasticized PLA domain and PBAT matrix was enhanced. The results of the present study demonstrated that the plasticized PLA/PBAT blown film prepared utilizing a blown film extrusion process exhibited improved tear resistance, which increased from 4.63 to 8.67 N/mm in machine direction and from 13.19 to 16.16 N/mm in the transverse direction.

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Improvement of blown film extrusion of poly(Lactic Acid): Structure-Processing-Properties relationships

Polymer Engineering & Science ◽

10.1002/pen.23610 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 54 (4) ◽

pp. 840-857 ◽

Cited By ~ 65

Author(s):

Benoit Mallet ◽

Khalid Lamnawar ◽

Abderrahim Maazouz

Keyword(s):

Lactic Acid ◽

Poly Lactic Acid ◽

Film Extrusion ◽

Blown Film ◽

Blown Film Extrusion ◽

Processing Properties ◽

Acid Structure

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Blown Film Extrusion

10.3139/9781569906972 ◽

2018 ◽

Author(s):

Kirk Cantor

Keyword(s):

Film Extrusion ◽

Blown Film ◽

Blown Film Extrusion

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Biodegradable Polymer Compounds Reinforced with Banana Fiber for the Production of Protective Bags for Banana Fruits in the Context of Circular Economy

Agronomy ◽

10.3390/agronomy11020242 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 11 (2) ◽

pp. 242

Author(s):

Pablo Bordón ◽

Rubén Paz ◽

Carolina Peñalva ◽

Gisela Vega ◽

Mario Monzón ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Circular Economy ◽

Environmental Problem ◽

Ecotoxicity Test ◽

Banana Fiber ◽

Film Extrusion ◽

Blown Film ◽

Blown Film Extrusion ◽

Environmentally Friendly Process ◽

Test Requirements ◽

Better Than

Bags used to protect and accelerate the ripening of bananas are a clear example of the environmental problem of packaging waste. Small pieces of these non-biodegradable bags are frequently disposed on the soil by accident (environmental conditions and poor handling during the harvest) and remain there for years. This work focuses on the development of protective biodegradable bags reinforced with banana fiber, obtained from waste of the banana plants, thus promoting a circular economy and a more environmentally friendly process. To achieve this, different bio-based composites were tested (processability) by compounding extrusion (biopolymer and banana fiber with different process steps) and blown film extrusion. The bags produced were tested in field and sequentially improved in three generations of biofilms. The results showed that the maximum processable fiber content was 5 wt %. Additionally, the micronizing of the compounds was crucial to simplify the blown film extrusion and improve the smoothness of the bags (scratches avoidance on the banana surface). The final bags (Mater-Bi biopolymer, 5% combed and sieved banana fiber, and 2.5 wt % TiO2 for ultraviolet light filtration), performed better than the conventional ones (faster maturing, i.e., earlier harvest, and easier handling) and fulfilled the biodegradability, composting and ecotoxicity test requirements.

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