scholarly journals PAC Synthesis and Comparison of Catalysts for Direct Ethanol Fuel Cells

Processes ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (6) ◽  
pp. 712
Author(s):  
Alexandra Kuriganova ◽  
Daria Chernysheva ◽  
Nikita Faddeev ◽  
Igor Leontyev ◽  
Nina Smirnova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fuel Cells ◽  
Supported Catalysts ◽  
Active Surface ◽  
Carbon Surface ◽  
Active Surface Area ◽  
Ethanol Fuel ◽  
Direct Ethanol Fuel Cells ◽  
Onset Potential ◽  
Co Stripping ◽  
Pac Technique

Pt/C, PtMOn/C (M = Ni, Sn, Ti, and PtX/C (X = Rh, Ir) catalyst systems were prepared by using the pulse alternating current (PAC) technique. Physical and electrochemical parameters of samples were carried out by x-ray powder diffraction (XRD), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), and CO stripping. The catalytic activity of the synthesized samples for the ethanol electrooxidation reaction (EOR) was investigated. The XRD patterns of the samples showed the presence of diffraction peaks characteristic for Pt, NiO, SnO2, TiO2, Rh, and Ir. The TEM images indicate that the Pt, Rh, and PtIr (alloys) particles had a uniform distribution over the carbon surface in the Pt/C, PtRh/C, PtIr/C, and PtMOn/C (M = Ni, Sn, Ti) catalysts. The electrochemically active surface area of catalysts was determined by the CO-stripping method. The addition of a second element to Pt or the use of hybrid supported catalysts can evidently improve the EOR activity. A remarkable positive affecting shift of the onset potential for the EOR was observed as follows: PtSnO2/C > PtTiO2/C ≈ PtIr/C ≈ PtNiO/C > PtRh/C ≈ Pt/C. The addition of SnO2 to Pt/C catalyst led to the decrease of the onset potential and to significantly facilitate the EOR. The long-term cyclic stability of the synthesized catalysts was investigated. Thereby, the PtSnO2/C catalyst prepared by the PAC technique can be considered as a promising anode catalyst for direct ethanol fuel cells.

scholarly journals Tailoring properties of platinum supported catalysts by irreversible adsorbed adatoms toward ethanol oxidation for direct ethanol fuel cells

2013 ◽  
Vol 140-141 ◽  
pp. 378-385 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marta C. Figueiredo ◽  
Annukka Santasalo-Aarnio ◽  
Francisco J. Vidal-Iglesias ◽  
José Solla-Gullón ◽  
Juan M. Feliu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fuel Cells ◽  
Ethanol Oxidation ◽  
Supported Catalysts ◽  
Ethanol Fuel ◽  
Direct Ethanol Fuel Cells

Enhanced Catalytic Activity of Pt for Electrooxidation of Ethanol by Using Silica-Carbon Composite as the Catalyst Support

2016 ◽  
Vol 698 ◽  
pp. 47-52 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hirokazu Ishitobi ◽  
Yurina Ino ◽  
Nobuyoshi Nakagawa
Keyword(s):  
Catalytic Activity ◽  
Fuel Cells ◽  
Noble Metals ◽  
Carbon Nanofiber ◽  
Specific Activity ◽  
Catalyst Support ◽  
Active Surface Area ◽  
Ethanol Fuel ◽  
Direct Ethanol Fuel Cells ◽  
Slow Kinetics

The technical issue of direct ethanol fuel cells is slow kinetics of ethanol electrooxidation by using noble metals such as Pt. We propose silica-embedded carbon nanofiber (SECNF) as a catalyst support for the electrooxidation of ethanol to improve catalytic activity of Pt. SECNF was prepared by electrospinning, then Pt nanoparticles were deposited on SECNF. Catalyst characterizations were performed by SEM, EDX, and XRD. Cyclic voltammetry was performed to analyze catalytic activity of Pt/SECNF. The mass activity of Pt/SECNF was 2.9 times higher than a commercially available Pt/carbon catalyst (Pt/Ccom). Electrochemically active surface area of Pt/SECNF was lower than Pt/Ccom. Hence, the activity enhancement is attributed to the improvement of specific activity for Pt/SECNF. This enhancement is attributed to the interaction between Pt and SiO2 like hydrogen spillover. Pt/SECNF is a promising catalyst for direct ethanol fuel cells which can reduce Pt loading.

scholarly journals Efficient Chitosan/Nitrogen-Doped Reduced Graphene Oxide Composite Membranes for Direct Alkaline Ethanol Fuel Cells

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (4) ◽  
pp. 1740 ◽  
Author(s):  
Selestina Gorgieva ◽  
Azra Osmić ◽  
Silvo Hribernik ◽  
Mojca Božič ◽  
Jurij Svete ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fuel Cells ◽  
Composite Membranes ◽  
Nanocomposite Membranes ◽  
Ethanol Fuel ◽  
Direct Ethanol Fuel Cells ◽  
Graphene Oxides ◽  
Reduced Graphene ◽  
Structure Morphology ◽  
Graphene Derivatives ◽  
Doped Graphene

Herein, we prepared a series of nanocomposite membranes based on chitosan (CS) and three compositionally and structurally different N-doped graphene derivatives. Two-dimensional (2D) and quasi 1D N-doped reduced graphene oxides (N-rGO) and nanoribbons (N-rGONRs), as well as 3D porous N-doped graphitic polyenaminone particles (N-pEAO), were synthesized and characterized fully to confirm their graphitic structure, morphology, and nitrogen (pyridinic, pyrrolic, and quaternary or graphitic) group contents. The largest (0.07%) loading of N-doped graphene derivatives impacted the morphology of the CS membrane significantly, reducing the crystallinity, tensile properties, and the KOH uptake, and increasing (by almost 10-fold) the ethanol permeability. Within direct alkaline ethanol test cells, it was found that CS/N rGONRs (0.07 %) membrane (Pmax. = 3.7 mWcm−2) outperformed the pristine CS membrane significantly (Pmax. = 2.2 mWcm−2), suggesting the potential of the newly proposed membranes for application in direct ethanol fuel cells.

scholarly journals Preparation and Electrocatalytic Characteristics Research of Pd/C Catalyst for Direct Ethanol Fuel Cell

2013 ◽  
Vol 2013 ◽  
pp. 1-6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Qiao Xia Li ◽  
Ming Shuang Liu ◽  
Qun Jie Xu ◽  
Hong Min Mao
Keyword(s):  
Fuel Cell ◽  
Average Particle Size ◽  
Active Surface ◽  
Carbon Support ◽  
Catalytic Performance ◽  
Active Surface Area ◽  
Average Particle ◽  
Ethanol Fuel ◽  
Direct Ethanol Fuel Cell ◽  
Electrochemical Active Surface Area

Two kinds of carbon-support 20% Pd/C catalysts for use in direct ethanol fuel cell (DEFC) have been prepared by an impregnation reduction method using NaBH4and NaH2PO2as reductants, respectively, in this study. The catalysts were characterized by XRD and TEM. The results show that the catalysts had been completely reduced, and the catalysts are spherical and homogeneously dispersed on carbon. The electrocatalytic activity of the catalysts was investigated by electrochemical measurements. The results indicate that the catalysts had an average particle size of 3.3 nm and showed the better catalytic performance, when NaBH4was used as the reducing agent. The electrochemical active surface area of Pd/C (NaBH4) was 56.4 m2·g−1. The electrochemical activity of the Pd/C (NaBH4) was much higher than that of Pd/C (NaH2PO2).

Brief review of solid polymer electrolyte for direct ethanol fuel cells applications

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Suhaila Abdullah ◽  
Norazlina Hashim ◽  
Nurul Aniyyah Mohd Shobery ◽  
Nabihah Abdullah ◽  
lily Shakirah Hassan
Keyword(s):  
Fuel Cells ◽  
Polymer Electrolyte ◽  
Solid Polymer Electrolyte ◽  
Solid Polymer ◽  
Ethanol Fuel ◽  
Direct Ethanol Fuel Cells

Different anode catalyst for high temperature polybenzimidazole-based direct ethanol fuel cells

2013 ◽  
Vol 38 (1) ◽  
pp. 620-630 ◽  
Author(s):  
José J. Linares ◽  
Thairo A. Rocha ◽  
Sabrina Zignani ◽  
Valdecir A. Paganin ◽  
Ernesto R. Gonzalez
Keyword(s):  
Fuel Cells ◽  
High Temperature ◽  
Anode Catalyst ◽  
Ethanol Fuel ◽  
Direct Ethanol Fuel Cells

scholarly journals Carbon-supported Platinum Electrocatalysts probed in a Gas Diffusion Setup with Alkaline Environment: how Particle Size and Mesoscopic Environment influence the Degradation Mechanism

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shima Alinejad ◽  
Jonathan Quinson ◽  
Johanna Schröder ◽  
Jacob J. K. Kirkensgaard ◽  
Matthias Arenz
Keyword(s):  
Particle Size ◽  
Degradation Mechanism ◽  
Active Phase ◽  
Active Surface ◽  
Carbon Support ◽  
Gas Diffusion ◽  
Active Surface Area ◽  
Electrochemical Cells ◽  
Co Stripping ◽  
Large Particles

In this work, we investigate the stability of four different types of Pt/C fuel cell catalysts upon applying accelerated degradation tests (ADTs) in a gas diffusion electrode (GDE) setup equipped with an anion exchange membrane (AEM). In contrast to previous investigations exposing the catalysts to liquid electrolyte, the GDE setup provides a realistic three-phase boundary of the reactant gas, catalyst and ionomer which enables reactant transport rates close to real fuel cells. Therefore, the GDE setup mimics the degradation of the catalyst under more realistic reaction conditions as compared to conventional electrochemical cells. Combining the determination of the loss in electrochemically active surface area (ECSA) of the Pt/C catalysts via CO stripping measurements with the change in particle size distribution determined by small-angle X-ray scattering (SAXS) measurements, we demonstrate that i) the degradation mechanism depends on the investigated Pt/C catalyst and might indeed be different to the one observed in conventional electrochemical cells, ii) degradation is increased in an oxygen gas atmosphere (as compared to an inert atmosphere), and iii) the observed degradation mechanism depends on the mesoscopic environment of the active phase. The measurements indicate an increased particle growth if small and large particles are immobilized next to each other on the same carbon support flakes as compared to a simple mix of two catalysts with small and large particles, respectively.

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