scholarly journals Renewable Hydrogen Production from Butanol Steam Reforming over Nickel Catalysts Promoted by Lanthanides

Processes ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (10) ◽  
pp. 1815
Author(s):  
João Paulo da S. Q. Menezes ◽  
Gabriel M. Guimarães ◽  
Mônica A. P. da Silva ◽  
Mariana M. V. M. Souza
Keyword(s):  
Hydrogen Production ◽  
Steam Reforming ◽  
Coke Formation ◽  
Nickel Catalysts ◽  
Hydrogen Yield ◽  
Nonrenewable Resource ◽  
Lanthanum Oxides ◽  
Catalyst Acidity ◽  
Renewable Hydrogen ◽  
Nickel Dispersion

Hydrogen is mainly produced by steam reforming of natural gas, a nonrenewable resource. Alternative and renewable routes for hydrogen production play an important role in reducing dependence on oil and minimizing the emission of greenhouse gases. In this work, butanol, a model compound of bio-oil, was employed for hydrogen production by steam reforming. The reaction was evaluated for 30 h in a tubular quartz reactor at 500 °C, atmospheric pressure, GHSV of 500,000 h−1, and an aqueous solution feed of 10% v/v butanol. For this reaction, catalysts with 20 wt.% NiO were prepared by wet impregnation using three supports: γ-alumina and alumina modified with 10 wt.% of cerium and lanthanum oxides. Both promoters increased the reduction degree of the catalysts and decreased catalyst acidity, which is closely related to coke formation and deactivation. Ni/La2O3–Al2O3 presented a higher nickel dispersion (14.6%) which, combined with other properties, led to a higher stability, higher mean hydrogen yield (71%), and lower coke formation per mass (56%). On the other hand, the nonpromoted catalyst suffered a significant deactivation associated with coke formation favored by its highest acidity (3.1 µmol m−²).

scholarly journals Synthesis and Characterization of Co/Ni/CoNi-ZSM-5 Catalyst for Hydrogen Production

2018 ◽  
Vol 156 ◽  
pp. 06013
Author(s):  
Widayat Widayat ◽  
Arianti Nuur Annisa ◽  
Hantoro Satriadi ◽  
Syaiful Syaiful
Keyword(s):  
Hydrogen Production ◽  
Steam Reforming ◽  
Hydrothermal Process ◽  
Coke Formation ◽  
Nickel Catalysts ◽  
Catalyst Synthesis ◽  
Cobalt Nickel ◽  
Crystalline Product ◽  
Production Of Hydrogen

Nickel is commonly used as a catalyst in hydrogen production. However, the use of nickel catalysts in the steam reforming process has the disadvantage of coke formation and high cost. Therefore, in this research, Ni/ZSM-5 catalyst synthesis was used to reduce production cost and an addition of cobalt (Co) metal to avoid coke formation. The method consists of a synthesis of ZSM-5 catalyst using hydrothermal process. Furthermore, the crystalline product was impregnated with the metal cobalt, nickel and combination of cobalt-nickel as much as 2% by weight metal/weight of the catalyst. Then the XRD and EDX characterization of Co/ZSM-5, Ni/ZSM-5, and CoNi/ZSM-5 was done followed by catalytic testing in the production of hydrogen from glycerol using steam reforming process. From XRD characterization results showed that Co/ZSM-5 catalyst has a crystallinity of 78.69%, Ni/ZSM-5 catalyst has 70.04% crystallinity and CoNi/ZSM-5 catalyst has 76.99% crystallinity. Catalytic testing on hydrogen production showed that CoNi/ZSM-5 catalyst produced the highest hydrogen concentration of 1,756.33 ppm while Ni/ZSM-5 catalyst produces 1,240 ppm and Co/ZSM-5 catalyst produces 491 ppm.

Hydrogen Production via Catalytic Autothermal Reforming of Desulfurized Jet-A Fuel

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shuyang Zhang ◽  
Xiaoxin Wang ◽  
Peiwen Li
Keyword(s):  
Energy Efficiency ◽  
Hydrogen Production ◽  
Hydrogen Storage ◽  
Coke Formation ◽  
Autothermal Reforming ◽  
Operating Conditions ◽  
Hydrogen Yield ◽  
Fuel Conversion ◽  
Optimal Operating ◽  
Reaction Equilibrium

On-board hydrogen production via catalytic autothermal reforming is beneficial to vehicles using fuel cells because it eliminates the challenges of hydrogen storage. As the primary fuel for both civilian and military air flight application, Jet-A fuel (after desulfurization) was reformed for making hydrogen-rich fuels in this study using an in-house-made Rh/NiO/K-La-Ce-Al-OX ATR catalyst under various operating conditions. Based on the preliminary thermodynamic analysis of reaction equilibrium, important parameters such as ratios of H2O/C and O2/C were selected, in the range of 1.1–2.5 and 0.5–1.0, respectively. The optimal operating conditions were experimentally obtained at the reactor’s temperature of 696.2 °C, which gave H2O/C = 2.5 and O2/C = 0.5, and the obtained fuel conversion percentage, hydrogen yield (can be large than 1 from definition), and energy efficiency were 88.66%, 143.84%, and 64.74%, respectively. In addition, a discussion of the concentration variation of CO and CO2 at different H2O/C, as well as the analysis of fuel conversion profile, leads to the finding of effective approaches for suppression of coke formation.

Hydrogen production from catalytic steam reforming of glycerol over various supported nickel catalysts

2017 ◽  
Vol 42 (14) ◽  
pp. 9087-9098 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nurul Huda Zamzuri ◽  
Ramli Mat ◽  
Nor Aishah Saidina Amin ◽  
Amin Talebian-Kiakalaieh
Keyword(s):  
Hydrogen Production ◽  
Steam Reforming ◽  
Nickel Catalysts ◽  
Supported Nickel Catalysts ◽  
Catalytic Steam Reforming

scholarly journals Catalytic Steam Reforming of Glycerol Over Cerium and Palladium-Based Catalysts for Hydrogen Production

2013 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ali Ebshish ◽  
Zahira Yaakob ◽  
Y. H. Taufiq-Yap ◽  
Ahmed Bshish ◽  
Abdulmajid Shaibani
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Hydrogen Production ◽  
Steam Reforming ◽  
Catalytic Reactions ◽  
Fixed Bed Reactor ◽  
Hydrogen Yield ◽  
Water Mixture ◽  
Impregnation Method ◽  
Catalytic Steam Reforming ◽  
Total Average

In this work, catalytic steam reforming of glycerol for hydrogen production was performed over Ce/Al2O3 and Pd/Al2O3 catalysts prepared via the impregnation method. The catalysts were characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM-EDX), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), BET surface area, and X-ray diffraction (XRD). Two sets of catalytic reactions were conducted, one comparing 1% Pd/Al2O3 to 1% Ce/Al2O3 and the second comparing 1% Ce/Al2O3 loading to 10% Ce/Al2O3 loading. All catalytic reactions were performed using a fixed-bed reactor operated at 600 °C and atmospheric pressure. Aglycerol–water mixture at a molar ratio of 1:6 was fed to the reactor at 0.05 ml/min. In the first set of experiments, Pd/Al2O3 exhibited higher hydrogen productivity than Ce/Al2O3. A maximum hydrogen yield of 56% and a maximum selectivity of 78.7% were achieved over the Pd/Al2O3 catalyst. For the second set of experiments, the results show that the reaction conversion increased as the cerium loading increased from 1% to 10%. A total average hydrogen yield of 28.0% and a selectivity of 45.5% were obtained over 1% Ce/Al2O3, while the total average hydrogen yield and selectivity were 42.2% and 52.7%, respectively, for 10% Ce/Al2O3.

Hydrogen Production by Steam Reforming of Ethanol Using Cobalt and Nickel Catalysts Supported on Strontium Titanate

2005 ◽  
Vol 34 (5) ◽  
pp. 668-669 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kohei Urasaki ◽  
Kazuhisa Tokunaga ◽  
Yasushi Sekine ◽  
Eiichi Kikuchi ◽  
Masahiko Matsukata
Keyword(s):  
Hydrogen Production ◽  
Strontium Titanate ◽  
Steam Reforming ◽  
Nickel Catalysts ◽  
Steam Reforming Of Ethanol ◽  
Cobalt And Nickel

Simulation of Hydrogen Production From Biomass Pyrolysis Gas by Secondary Steam Reforming

2008 ◽  
Author(s):  
Leteng Lin ◽  
Li Sun ◽  
Xiaodong Zhang ◽  
Xiaolu Yi ◽  
Min Xu
Keyword(s):  
Fuel Cells ◽  
Hydrogen Production ◽  
Gas Turbine ◽  
Steam Reforming ◽  
Water Gas Shift ◽  
Hydrogen Yield ◽  
Biomass Pyrolysis ◽  
Pyrolysis Gas ◽  
Secondary Steam ◽  
Water Gas

Hydrogen is currently being widely regarded as a futural energy carrier to reduce carbon emissions and other NOx and SOx pollutants. Many researchers have proved that hydrogen can be efficiently used in solid oxide fuel cells -gas turbine system (SOFC-GT) and molten carbonate fuel cells-gas turbine system (MCFC-GT). Hydrogen production from biomass resources offers the advantage of providing a renewable energy carrier for extensive reduction of the CO2 emission. A secondary steam reforming process which consists of steam reforming of methane and water gas shift was proposed to further convert CH4, CO and other hydrocarbons in biomass pyrolysis gas for promoting hydrogen yield. According to respective reaction mechanism, simulating calculations were carried out in two reforming processes separately. With the favor of PRO/II, the effects of reaction temperature and steam to carbon ratio on hydrogen yield were discussed in details in the steam reforming of methane. A reasonable calculation method was established for simulating the water gas shift process in which the effects of temperature and steam to CO ratio was investigated. The simulation made good results in optimizing reaction conditions for two reformers and predicting the volume rate of all gas components. It is proved by simulation that hydrogen-rich gas with >68 mol% H2 could be produced, and the hydrogen yield could reach 48.18 mol H2/(Kg Biomass) and 45.85 mol/(Kg Biomass) respectively when using corn straw and rice husk as feedstock. The experiment data from a related reference was adopted to prove the reasonability of the simulation results which could show the feasibility of secondary steam reforming process, as well as provide good references for practical process operation.

Hydrogen Production from Ethanol Steam Reforming over Ni-Cu/ZnO Catalyst

2011 ◽  
Vol 236-238 ◽  
pp. 1067-1072
Author(s):  
Li Ping Liu ◽  
Xiao Jian Ma ◽  
Peng Zhang ◽  
Ya Nan Liu
Keyword(s):  
Hydrogen Production ◽  
Steam Reforming ◽  
Fixed Bed ◽  
Surface Characteristics ◽  
Catalytic Performance ◽  
Fixed Bed Reactor ◽  
Molar Ratio ◽  
Ethanol Steam Reforming ◽  
Hydrogen Yield ◽  
Ethanol Steam

Hydrogen production by ethanol steam reforming over Ni-Cu/ZnO catalyst in the temperatures range of 250-550°C was studied on a fixed bed reactor. The effects of reaction temperature and water/ethanol molar ratio on hydrogen production were investigated. The structure and surface characteristics of the catalyst were measured by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD) and differential thermal analyzer (TG-DSC). The results show that the Ni-Cu/ZnO catalyst has good catalytic performance with higher hydrogen yield of 4.87molH2/molEtOH reacted. A comparison of hydrogen production from ethanol steam reforming over Ni-Cu/ZnO catalyst with over a commercial catalyst was made in this paper.

Nickel catalysts applied in steam reforming of glycerol for hydrogen production

2009 ◽  
Vol 10 (13) ◽  
pp. 1656-1660 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ivana N. Buffoni ◽  
Francisco Pompeo ◽  
Gerardo F. Santori ◽  
Nora N. Nichio
Keyword(s):  
Hydrogen Production ◽  
Steam Reforming ◽  
Nickel Catalysts
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