scholarly journals The Blessing of Whiteness in the Curse of Ham: Reading Gen 9:18–29 in the Antebellum South

Religions ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (11) ◽  
pp. 928
Author(s):  
Wongi Park
Keyword(s):  
Slave Trade ◽  
Antebellum South ◽  
Scientific Racism ◽  
Racial Hierarchy ◽  
Transatlantic Slave Trade ◽  
History Of Interpretation ◽  
History Of ◽  
Key Features

This essay examines the antebellum history of interpretation surrounding the curse of Ham in Gen 9:18–29. It explores how modern notions of scientific racism were read into the story as a de facto justification for the transatlantic slave trade and the institution of slavery in the antebellum South. However, more than simply being used as a prooftext for racist agendas, the curse of Ham provided a biblical foil for circumscribing a racial hierarchy where whiteness was positioned as superior in the figure of Japheth. By considering key features of the racist antebellum interpretation, I argue that the proslavery rationalization of Christian antebellum writers is rooted in a deracialized whiteness that was biblically produced and blessed with divine authority.

Antislavery on a Slave Coast

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Padraic X. Scanlan
Keyword(s):  
African American ◽  
Sierra Leone ◽  
Slave Trade ◽  
Armed Forces ◽  
Early History ◽  
Joint Stock Company ◽  
Stock Company ◽  
Transatlantic Slave Trade ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Relationship

Before the abolition of the slave trade in the British empire in 1807, colonial Sierra Leone was an experiment in free trade and free labour, founded by the Sierra Leone Company, a joint-stock company led by antislavery activists, and settled by African American Loyalists from Nova Scotia. This chapter explores the early history of the colony, and shows how antislavery was undermined by the routines of the transatlantic slave trade. Meanwhile, African American settlers were marginalised, and the arrival of 500 Jamaican Maroons in 1800 helped to cement the relationship between the leaders of the antislavery movement and the British armed forces.

State Formation in Precolonial Nigeria

2018 ◽  
pp. 32-46
Author(s):  
Nonso Obikili
Keyword(s):  
International Trade ◽  
State Formation ◽  
Slave Trade ◽  
Military Technology ◽  
Colonial Era ◽  
Transatlantic Slave Trade ◽  
History Of ◽  
Transition To Agriculture ◽  
The Many

This chapter explores the history of state formation in Nigeria before the colonial era. It explores the various forms that statehood took and the many different factors which influenced how and when states emerged. The chapter examines the importance of geography and its role in decentralized states, the transition to agriculture and the emergence of the Nok culture, international trade and its role in the Kanem-Bornu empire, the importance of military technology in the rise and eventual fall of the Old Oyo empire, and the importance of the transatlantic slave trade. Using different examples, the chapter discusses the mosaic of states across precolonial Nigeria and explores how these factors could have led to their rise and eventual downfall.

George Washington Williams’s Stern Duty of History

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ira Dworkin
Keyword(s):  
African American ◽  
African American Students ◽  
Slave Trade ◽  
George Washington ◽  
Hampton Institute ◽  
Untimely Death ◽  
Transatlantic Slave Trade ◽  
American Interest ◽  
American Students ◽  
History Of

This chapter begins at Hampton Institute in 1889 where Williams traveled after meeting in Belgium with King Leopold II. Williams, whose interest in the Congo predates the 1884-1885 Berlin Conference, went to Hampton to enlist African American students to travel with him to Africa, which framed his Congo trip within a tradition of ongoing African American interest in Africa. Williams’s initial optimism for the Congo quickly soured, and he wrote a series of open letters--to Leopold, U.S. President Benjamin Harrison, and railroad magnate Collis P. Huntington--that inspired opposition to Leopold’s regime that continued well after Williams’s untimely death in 1891. An examination of Williams’s struggles to develop and define a relationship to the Belgian empire against the backdrop of the history of the transatlantic slave trade reveals an African American connection to Africa that is grounded in a global political landscape of emancipation and anti-imperialism.

The Mixed Commissions for the Suppression of the Transatlantic Slave Trade in the Nineteenth Century

1966 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 79-93 ◽  
Author(s):  
Leslie Bethell
Keyword(s):  
Nineteenth Century ◽  
Special Reference ◽  
Sierra Leone ◽  
Slave Trade ◽  
Transatlantic Slave Trade ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Creation ◽  
Atlantic Slave Trade ◽  
The Way

As a contribution to the history of Britain's campaign for the abolition of the transatlantic slave trade in the nineteenth century this article examines, first, the creation of various mixed commissions for the adjudication of vessels captured on suspicion of trading in slaves after the trade had been declared illegal; secondly, the composition of these mixed commissions and the way in which they functioned, with special reference to the several commissions sitting in Sierra Leone which for 25 years dealt with the majority of captured slave vessels; and thirdly, the reasons why after 1839, and especially after 1845, captured ships were increasingly taken before British vice-admiralty courts with the result that the mixed commissions were gradually allowed to run down, although most of them were not abolished until the Atlantic slave trade had been finally suppressed.

The Memorial ACTe

2020 ◽  
pp. 186-194
Author(s):  
Fabienne Viala
Keyword(s):  
West Indies ◽  
Slave Trade ◽  
French West Indies ◽  
Repressed Memory ◽  
Transatlantic Slave Trade ◽  
European Heritage ◽  
History Of ◽  
Post Traumatic ◽  
Caribbean Art ◽  
Successful Expression

This essay examines the nature, scope and consequences of the seism of memory since its eruption in 2000 in Guadeloupe, French West Indies. In particular, it questions how the context of a multifaceted appetite for collective remembrance took the form of competing strategies for memorialization in the space. As such, it focuses on the heritage of pain, resistance and pride at the local, national and regional levels. I draw on Shalini Puri’s analysis of the repressed memory of the 1983 Grenada revolution in Operation Urgent Memory to identify in the landscape of Guadeloupe submerged, residual and eruptive ‘platforms of memory’ (Puri, 2012). In the specific case of Guadeloupe, the collective efforts of the Guadeloupean people for re-appropriating their non-French and non-European heritage on the island have turned into competitive post-traumatic approaches of the history of transatlantic slave trade. This essay eventually analyses the case of the Mémorial ACTe (MACTe) – Museum of Contemporary Caribbean Art and Memorial for the History of the Slave Trade – as constituting the most successful expression of what I define as cultural marronage, in the ambivalent postcolonial environment of the French Overseas Regions.

The slave trade and the development of the Atlantic Africa port system, 1400s–1800s

2017 ◽  
Vol 29 (1) ◽  
pp. 138-154 ◽  
Author(s):  
Filipa Ribeiro da Silva
Keyword(s):  
International Economic ◽  
Social Impact ◽  
Slave Trade ◽  
Coastal Areas ◽  
Scholarly Work ◽  
Coastal Regions ◽  
Transatlantic Slave Trade ◽  
Political Dynamics ◽  
History Of ◽  
Port System

Scholarly work on the transatlantic slave trade has tended to focus on the volume, conditions and the profits of this hideous commerce and its demographic, economic and social impact on the coastal areas of Atlantic Africa. Much has therefore been published about the history of specific ports and coastal regions, but still little is known about the contribution of the slave trade to the overall formation and shaping of the Atlantic Africa port system and its regional port sub-systems, the links between various ports, their commercial struggles, and the variable factors that conditioned changes in their role within the system. This study will partly address these issues by examining how the slave trade, in conjunction with other local, regional and international economic and political dynamics, contributed to the rise and fall of ports in Atlantic Africa and helped shape its port system. In doing so, the analysis is based on shipping information gathered from the Trans-Atlantic Slave Trade Database, and on the specific literature on various slave ports in Atlantic Africa.

scholarly journals “We Are Suffering Here”

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-24
Author(s):  
Maarten Bedert
Keyword(s):  
Slave Trade ◽  
Structural Violence ◽  
West African ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Physical Point ◽  
Transatlantic Slave Trade ◽  
History Of ◽  
History Of Migration ◽  
Local Levels ◽  
Over Time

Abstract Liberia is a state built on a history of migration. From the transatlantic slave trade to its contemporary generation of transnational citizens, images of elsewhere have always informed this West African country’s local and national discussions of integration and exclusion. This paper shows how historical imaginations and representations of ‘here’ and ‘there’, of ‘suffering’ and ‘escape’, inform contemporary discourses of belonging in Liberia. I argue that the imagination of civilisation – kwii – and distinction plays an important role in the ways distance and mobility are perceived and articulated, both from a physical point of view and a moral-social point of view, at transnational and local levels. Rather than being merely tied to a national elite, the imagination of mobility is, I demonstrate, linked to an ethos of suffering articulated at all levels of society, informed by the experience of structural violence and crises over time.

Clever drummers, primitivism, entrepreneurialism, and the invention of the trap drummer’s outfit

Kick It ◽  
2020 ◽  
pp. 9-54
Author(s):  
Matt Brennan
Keyword(s):  
Nineteenth Century ◽  
Performance Practice ◽  
Slave Trade ◽  
Musical Culture ◽  
Snare Drum ◽  
Transatlantic Slave Trade ◽  
Ensemble Performance ◽  
The Status ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Impact

This chapter documents the prehistory of drum kit performance practice and the invention of the trap drummer’s outfit. First, it examines the impact of the transatlantic slave trade on American musical culture. Second, it explores the history of the snare drum, bass drum, and cymbals, and how they come together in ensemble performance. Third, it discusses the emergence of highbrow and lowbrow culture and the consequences for the status of drummers. Fourth, it discusses the types of music that a drummer was likely to play working in nineteenth-century USA. Fifth, it examines the tinkerers, inventors, and entrepreneurs who developed the key components of the early drum kit, known in its time as the ‘trap drummer’s outfit’.

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