scholarly journals Internet-of-Things-Based Geotechnical Monitoring Boosted by Satellite InSAR Data

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (14) ◽  
pp. 2757
Author(s):  
Denis Guilhot ◽  
Toni Martinez del Hoyo ◽  
Andrea Bartoli ◽  
Pooja Ramakrishnan ◽  
Gijs Leemans ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Urban Areas ◽  
Slope Failure ◽  
Significant Risk ◽  
Surface Displacement ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Technical Note ◽  
Data Sets ◽  
Geotechnical Monitoring ◽  
Cost Effective Method ◽  
In Situ Sensors

Landslides, often a side effect of mining activities, pose a significant risk to humans and infrastructures such as urban areas, power lines, and dams. Operational ground motion monitoring can help detect the spatial pattern of surface changes and their evolution over time. In this technical note, a commercial, cost-effective method combining a network of geotechnical surface sensors with the InSAR data was reported for the first time to accurately monitor surface displacement. The correlation of both data sets is demonstrated in the Gediminas Castle testbed, where slope failure events were detected. Two specific events were analyzed, and possible causes proposed. The combination of techniques allows one to detect the precursors of the events and characterize the consequences of the failures in different areas in proximity to the castle walls, since the solution allows for the confirmation of long-term drifts and sudden movements in real time. The data from the in situ sensors were also used to refine the satellite data analysis. The results demonstrate that not all events pose a direct threat to the safety of the structure monitored.

Evaluating the services and facilities of European cities using crowdsourced place data

2017 ◽  
Vol 45 (4) ◽  
pp. 733-750 ◽  
Author(s):  
Spyridon Spyratos ◽  
Demetris Stathakis
Keyword(s):  
Social Media ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Accuracy Assessment ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Citizen Satisfaction ◽  
Linear Relationships ◽  
Public Opinion Surveys ◽  
Cost Effective Method ◽  
Service Type ◽  
Sport Facilities

Statistics about citizen satisfaction regarding urban facilities and services are required for governing urban areas. Such statistics are often unavailable or outdated. At times, existing statistics are irrelevant to the major problems of most citizens. In this article, we propose a cost-effective method for estimating citizen satisfaction regarding urban facilities and services using crowdsourced place data. Two indicators are proposed based on place data derived from the Foursquare social media application. Both indicators are based on the hypothesis that the higher the number of places is that belong to a facility or service type on social media, then the higher the satisfaction of citizens regarding this facility or service type will be. This hypothesis was tested by using the Eurobarometer survey data as reference. The accuracy assessment revealed strong and statistically significant linear relationships ([Formula: see text]) between the reference percentage of very satisfied citizens and some categories (i.e. “ Sport facilities”, “ Cultural Categories,” and “S treets & buildings”). Other categories showed moderate and statistically significant linear relationships (i.e. “ Public spaces” and “ Green spaces”). Therefore, the proposed indicators provide estimates about citizen satisfaction with regard to these five categories. The new indicators can be used to better design public opinion surveys by making them more relevant to the public in terms of topics, space, and time.

scholarly journals Technical note: A new and cost-effective method for detection of the bovine acyl-CoA:diacylglycerol acyltransferase 1 K232A polymorphism in cattle

2009 ◽  
Vol 92 (2) ◽  
pp. 773-776 ◽  
Author(s):  
R.S. Steinberg ◽  
L. Pereira ◽  
G.A. Lacorte ◽  
M.G.C.D. Peixoto ◽  
R.S. Verneque ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cost Effective ◽  
Technical Note ◽  
Cost Effective Method

Alternative cost-effective method to record 3D intra-operative images: A technical note

2014 ◽  
Vol 28 (6) ◽  
pp. 819-820 ◽  
Author(s):  
Damiano Giuseppe Barone ◽  
Vin Shen Ban ◽  
Ramez W Kirollos ◽  
Rikin A. Trivedi ◽  
Diederik O. Bulters ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cost Effective ◽  
Technical Note ◽  
Cost Effective Method

Brief alcohol interventions – everybody's business

2008 ◽  
Vol 14 (6) ◽  
pp. 469-476 ◽  
Author(s):  
Billy Boland ◽  
Colin Drummond ◽  
Eileen Kaner
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Mental Health ◽  
Heavy Drinking ◽  
Significant Risk ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Evidence Base ◽  
Excessive Alcohol Consumption ◽  
Alcohol Interventions ◽  
Cost Effective Method ◽  
The Uk

Heavy drinking poses a significant risk to public health in the UK. Opportunistic screening and brief interventions offer a cost-effective method of reducing the harm related to excessive alcohol consumption at both an individual and a public health level. Given the high prevalence of alcohol misuse among patients attending mental health services and its impact on behaviour and health, professionals need to be skilled in identifying and treating these problems in all areas of mental health. There is also a need for effective joint working between mental health and specialist addiction services. This article describes the principles and evidence base for brief alcohol interventions, and methods of implementation in health settings.

scholarly journals Citizen Science as a New Way To Do Science

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marisa Ponti
Keyword(s):  
Public Participation ◽  
Citizen Science ◽  
Participatory Design ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Massive Data ◽  
Data Sets ◽  
Massive Data Sets ◽  
Cost Effective Method ◽  
New Interactions ◽  
Scandinavian Tradition

This is the abstract of a talk given at the Dagstuhl Seminar 17272 - Citizen Science: Design and Engagement. Citizen science has received increasing attention because of its potential as a cost-effective method of gathering massive data sets and as a way of bridging the intellectual divide between layperson and scientists. Citizen science is not a new phenomenon, but is implemented in new ways in the digital age, offering opportunities to shape new interactions between volunteers, scientists and other stakeholders, including policymakers. Arguably, citizen science rests on two main pillars: openness and participation. However, openness can remain unexploited if we do not create the technical and social conditions for broader participation in more collaborative citizen science projects, beyond collecting and sharing data to scientists. “Public participation” has too often accounted for the assumed ease with which hierarchies in science can be horizontalized, and economic and geographic barriers can be removed. However, public participation is a contested term that should be problematized. The Scandinavian tradition of participatory design can help explore conceptually the challenges related to participation and to design for participation.

scholarly journals A technique for the extraction of the Proximal Femoral Nail Anti-rotation (PFNA) after unlocking failure

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mingde Cao ◽  
Zhong-Meng Yang ◽  
Hua-Ding Lu
Keyword(s):  
Distal Part ◽  
Simple Technique ◽  
Steel Wire ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Technical Note ◽  
Proximal Femoral Nail ◽  
Routine Method ◽  
Femoral Nail ◽  
Cost Effective Method ◽  
The Subject

Abstract Introduction Proximal Femoral Nail Anti-rotation (PFNA) is a routine method to deal with intertrochanteric fractures in the elder population. It is extremely difficult to remove PFNA in some cases as a result of stripping of blade heads. In this Technical Note, we report a simple technique using commonly available instrument that can be used to remove stripped even broken anti-rotation blade where regular methods have failed. Methods The subject underwent a PFNA removal surgery fifteen months after the previous fixation. We encountered difficulties using regular instrument to remove the anti-rotation blade. A 5mm tungsten carbide bur was used to drill a single cortical hole at the end of the blade. Then double-strand steel wire was threaded through the hole and the distal part was shaped into a circle which could tie to the extraction screw. Slide Hammer was applied to gently knocked out the blade along the anatomical direction of the femoral neck. Results The technique helped us successfully remove the dispatched anti-rotation blade and provided the patient with a satisfactory result. Conclusion The use of a tungsten reamer and steel wire loop to remove the proximal femoral anti-rotation blade may provide a simple and cost-effective method of dealing with extraction failure.

Long-term geophysical-geotechnical monitoring of landslide processes

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jon Chambers ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Slope Stability ◽  
Slope Failure ◽  
Time Lapse ◽  
Early Warning Systems ◽  
Substantial Contribution ◽  
Data Sets ◽  
Geophysical Monitoring ◽  
Geotechnical Monitoring ◽  
Time Estimates ◽  
Landslide Processes

<p>We assess the use of novel geophysical monitoring approaches to spatially characterise geotechnical properties and processes driving slope failure, and consider the contribution of geophysical technologies to the development of slope-scale early warning systems (EWS). In particular, we focus on geoelectrical monitoring approaches to image moisture driven processes, supported by the use of shallow seismic surveys to illuminate elastic property distributions and changes. We describe an approach for using spatial and volumetric geophysical models of slope structures and processes to better inform geotechnical models of slope stability and estimates of factor of safety.</p><p>Key components of the approach have included: automated schemes and instrumentation for measuring and processing field-scale time-lapse geophysical and geotechnical data sets; laboratory based assessments of geophysical-geotechnical property relationships (e.g. between resistivity, moisture content and pore suctions) to aid the interpretation of slope-scale geophysical models; and linked geophysical-geomechanical modelling to provide near-real-time estimates of slope stability to aid forecasting of landslide events. Our approach is illustrated with results from a range of field sites located on natural and engineered slopes. We conclude that the spatially rich subsurface information provided by geophysical monitoring can make a substantial contribution to landslide EWS and can provide an improved understanding of the condition of unstable slopes.</p>

Analysis of Landslide Kinematics Using Multi-temporal Unmanned Aerial Vehicle Imagery, La Honda, California

2019 ◽  
pp. 1-17 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jordan A. Carey ◽  
Nicholas Pinter ◽  
Alexandra J. Pickering ◽  
Carol S. Prentice ◽  
Stephen B. Delong
Keyword(s):  
Unmanned Aerial Vehicle ◽  
Slope Failure ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Horizontal Displacement ◽  
Terrestrial Lidar ◽  
Displacement Vectors ◽  
Cost Effective Method ◽  
Multi Temporal ◽  
Aerial Vehicle ◽  
Landslide Kinematics

Abstract The combination of unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) photography with structure-from-motion (SfM) digital photogrammetry provides a quickly deployable and cost-effective method for monitoring geomorphic change, particularly for hazards such as landslides. The Scenic Drive landslide is a deep-seated slope failure in La Honda, CA, with episodic activity in 1998 and 2005–06. Heavy rainfall during 2016–17 initiated movement of a new and separate landslide directly upslope of the existing Scenic Drive landslide, damaging three residences. We acquired imagery of the Upper Scenic Drive landslide beginning 2 days after initial motion using a global positioning system–enabled UAV. We used this imagery to generate seven digital elevation models (DEMs) between January and May 2017, with spatial resolutions of ∼3–10 cm/pixel. We compared these DEMs with each other and with available light detection and ranging (LiDAR) data to assess landslide kinematics, including horizontal displacement vectors, rates of motion, and total mass redistribution, and to test the accuracy and applicability of UAV/SfM-derived measurements. We estimated the maximum horizontal displacement of the slide was at least 5 m during the monitoring period and calculated that ∼3,000 m3 of material was displaced by the landslide. Comparing the UAV-derived topography with synchronous terrestrial LiDAR scanning showed that accuracies of the two techniques are comparable, generally within 0.05 m horizontally and within 0.20 m vertically in unvegetated areas. This study demonstrates the capability of combining UAV and SfM to map and monitor active geomorphic processes in emergent situations where high-resolution digital topography is needed in near-real-time.

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