scholarly journals High-Sensitivity Pixels with a Quad-WRGB Color Filter and Spatial Deep-Trench Isolation

Sensors ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 19 (21) ◽  
pp. 4653
Author(s):  
Yongnam Kim ◽  
Yunkyung Kim
Keyword(s):  
High Sensitivity ◽  
Image Sensor ◽  
Oxide Semiconductor ◽  
Color Filter ◽  
Limited Area ◽  
Blue Color ◽  
Pixel Size ◽  
Deep Trench ◽  
Filter Array ◽  
Trench Isolation

The demand for a high-resolution metal-oxide-semiconductor (CMOS) image sensor has increased in recent years, and pixel size has shrunk below 1.0 μm to allow accumulation of numerous pixels in a limited area. However, shrinking the pixel size lowers the sensitivity and increases crosstalk because the aspect ratio is worsened by maintaining the height of the pixel. This work introduces a high-sensitivity pixel with a quad-WRGB (White, Red, Green, Blue) color filter array (CFA), spatial deep-trench isolation (S-DTI), and a spatial tungsten grid (S-WG). The optical performance of the suggested pixel was analyzed by performing 3D optical simulations at 1.0, 0.9, and 0.8 μm pixel pitches as small-sized pixels. The quad-WRGB CFA is compared with the quad-Bayer CFA, and the S-DTI and S-WG are compared with the conventional DTI and WG. We confirmed an improvement in the sensitivity of the suggested pixel using the quad-WRGB CFA with S-DTI and S-WG to a maximum of 58.2%, 67.0%, and 66.3% for 1.0, 0.9, and 0.8 μm pixels, respectively.

Total Ionizing Dose Effects on CMOS Image Sensors with Deep-Trench Isolation

2014 ◽  
Vol 605 ◽  
pp. 453-456
Author(s):  
Nayera Ahmed ◽  
Guo Neng Lu ◽  
François Roy
Keyword(s):  
Image Sensor ◽  
Parametric Modeling ◽  
Radiation Environment ◽  
Total Ionizing Dose ◽  
Deep Trench ◽  
Cmos Image Sensors ◽  
Trench Isolation ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Total Ionizing Dose Effects ◽  
Different Parts

We have investigated Total Ionizing Dose (TID) effects on a 1.4μm-pitch, Deep-Trench Isolation (DTI) CMOS image sensor for its use in radiation environment. Our investigation includes characterization and TCAD simulations (with parametric modeling) of the image sensor before and after irradiation with 60Co gamma rays source for TID from 3 to 100 Krad. We have obtained agreements between measured results and simulated ones on degradations of the characteristics Quantum Efficiency (QE) and dark current (Idark). The agreements validate our modeling and simulation approach to evaluating these characteristics. It has been shown that TID causes evolution of interface states of different parts of the pixel, which are responsible for QE and Idark degradations. TID effects on different parts of the pixel can be identified and quantified.

scholarly journals Deep Trench Isolation and Inverted Pyramid Array Structures Used to Enhance Optical Efficiency of Photodiode in CMOS Image Sensor via Simulations

Sensors ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (11) ◽  
pp. 3062
Author(s):  
Chang-Fu Han ◽  
Jiun-Ming Chiou ◽  
Jen-Fin Lin
Keyword(s):  
Near Infrared ◽  
Wavelength Region ◽  
Image Sensor ◽  
Optical Efficiency ◽  
Growth Ratio ◽  
Deep Trench ◽  
Inverted Pyramid ◽  
Cmos Sensor ◽  
Trench Isolation ◽  
Color Pixel

The photodiode in the backside-illuminated CMOS sensor is modeled to analyze the optical performances in a range of wavelengths (300–1100 nm). The effects of changing in the deep trench isolation depth (DTI) and pitch size (d) of the inverted pyramid array (IPA) on the peak value (OEmax.) of optical efficiency (OE) and its wavelength region are identified first. Then, the growth ratio (GR) is defined for the OE change in these wavelength ranges to highlight the effectiveness of various DTI and d combinations on the OEs and evaluate the OE difference between the pixel arrays with and without the DTI + IPA structures. Increasing DTI can bring in monotonous OEmax. increases in the entire wavelength region. For a fixed DTI, the maximum OEmax. is formed as the flat plane (d = 0 nm) is chosen for the top surface of Si photodiode in the RGB pixels operating at the visible light wavelengths; whereas different nonzero value is needed to obtain the maximum OEmax. for the RGB pixels operating in the near-infrared (NIR) region. The optimum choice in d for each color pixel and DTI depth can elevate the maximum GR value in the NIR region up to 82.2%.

A Color Television Camera Using a Single Interline Transfer Ccd Image Sensor With Color Filter Array

1981 ◽  
Vol CE-27 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Masanobu Morishita ◽  
Tanaka Takanari ◽  
Yoshihiro Hamada ◽  
Hidehiko Inoue ◽  
Akiyoshi Kouno
Keyword(s):  
Image Sensor ◽  
Color Filter ◽  
Color Filter Array ◽  
Television Camera ◽  
Filter Array ◽  
Ccd Image Sensor ◽  
Color Television ◽  
Ccd Image

scholarly journals A Stacked Back Side-Illuminated Voltage Domain Global Shutter CMOS Image Sensor with a 4.0 μm Multiple Gain Readout Pixel

Sensors ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (2) ◽  
pp. 486
Author(s):  
Ken Miyauchi ◽  
Kazuya Mori ◽  
Toshinori Otaka ◽  
Toshiyuki Isozaki ◽  
Naoto Yasuda ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dynamic Range ◽  
High Sensitivity ◽  
Cmos Image Sensor ◽  
Light Sensitivity ◽  
Image Sensor ◽  
Motion Artifacts ◽  
Oxide Semiconductor ◽  
Storage Capacitor ◽  
Cmos Process ◽  
Back Side

A backside-illuminated complementary metal-oxide-semiconductor (CMOS) image sensor with 4.0 μm voltage domain global shutter (GS) pixels has been fabricated in a 45 nm/65 nm stacked CMOS process as a proof-of-concept vehicle. The pixel components for the photon-to-voltage conversion are formed on the top substrate (the first layer). Each voltage signal from the first layer pixel is stored in the sample-and-hold capacitors on the bottom substrate (the second layer) via micro-bump interconnection to achieve a voltage domain GS function. The two sets of voltage domain storage capacitor per pixel enable a multiple gain readout to realize single exposure high dynamic range (SEHDR) in the GS operation. As a result, an 80dB SEHDR GS operation without rolling shutter distortions and motion artifacts has been achieved. Additionally, less than −140dB parasitic light sensitivity, small noise floor, high sensitivity and good angular response have been achieved.

scholarly journals Color star tracking II: matching

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Geoffrey R. McVittie
Keyword(s):  
Field Testing ◽  
Color Filter ◽  
Array Detector ◽  
Large Set ◽  
Blue Color ◽  
Matching Algorithm ◽  
Sensor Field ◽  
Filter Array ◽  
Star Tracking ◽  
Pair Matching

A novel matching algorithm is presented that can identify stars using raw images of the sky obtained from a CMOS color filter array detector. The algorithm combines geometric information with amplitude ratios calculated from the red, green, and blue color color channels. Conventional algorithms that match stars based solely on inter-star geometry (and sometimes relative brightness), typically require three or more stars for a confident star match. In contrast, the presented algorithms are able to find matches with only two imaged stars in most regions of the sky. The necessary catalog preparation and a simple star-pair matching algorithm based on combined color intensity ratios and the angular spacing are discussed. Results from a large set of simulation trials and initial results from sensor field testing are presented.

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