scholarly journals A New Approach for Impedance Tracking of Piezoelectric Vibration Energy Harvesters Based on a Zeta Converter

Sensors ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (20) ◽  
pp. 5862
Author(s):  
Antonino Quattrocchi ◽  
Roberto Montanini ◽  
Salvatore De Caro ◽  
Saverio Panarello ◽  
Tommaso Scimone ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pulse Width Modulation ◽  
Excitation Frequency ◽  
Maximum Energy ◽  
Energy Harvesters ◽  
Electrical Systems ◽  
Active Rectifier ◽  
Point Tracking ◽  
Power Point Tracking ◽  
Piezoelectric Energy ◽  
Power Point

Piezoelectric energy harvesters (PEHs) are a reduced, but fundamental, source of power for embedded, remote, and no-grid connected electrical systems. Some key limits, such as low power density, poor conversion efficiency, high internal impedance, and AC output, can be partially overcome by matching their internal electrical impedance to that of the applied resistance load. However, the applied resistance load can vary significantly in time, since it depends on the vibration frequency and the working temperature. Hence, a real-time tracking of the applied impedance load should be done to always harvest the maximum energy from the PEH. This paper faces the above problem by presenting an active control able to track and follow in time the optimal working point of a PEH. It exploits a non-conventional AC–DC converter, which integrates a single-stage DC–DC Zeta converter and a full-bridge active rectifier, controlled by a dedicated algorithm based on pulse-width modulation (PWM) with maximum power point tracking (MPPT). A prototype of the proposed converter, based on discrete components, was created and experimentally tested by applying a sudden variation of the resistance load, aimed to emulate a change in the excitation frequency from 30 to 70 Hz and a change in the operating temperature from 25 to 50 °C. Results showed the effectiveness of the proposed approach, which allowed to match the optimal load after 0.38 s for a ΔR of 47 kΩ and after 0.15 s for a ΔR of 18 kΩ.

scholarly journals Real-Time Implementation of the MPPT Control Algorithms of a Wind Energy Conversion System by the Digital Simulator OPAL_RT

2021 ◽  
Vol 23 (1) ◽  
pp. 45-52
Author(s):  
El Oualid Zouggar ◽  
Souad Chaouch ◽  
Lilia Abdelhamid ◽  
Djaffar Ould Abdeslam
Keyword(s):  
Real Time ◽  
Speed Control ◽  
Maximum Energy ◽  
Maximum Power ◽  
Control Technique ◽  
Power Coefficient ◽  
Wind Energy Conversion ◽  
Point Tracking ◽  
Power Point Tracking ◽  
Power Point

This paper presents a comparative study between two algorithms for controlling the Wind Turbine (WT) using real time platforms: RT-Lab. The Maximum Power Point Tracking (MPPT) control technique is implemented for extracting the maximum energy from the wind. The first control consists in taking as a reference strategy the electromagnetic torque associated with the maximum power curve. This controller is known as Indirect Speed Control (ISC). The second one, based on the measured wind speed, is called Direct Speed Control (DSC). In this second controller, the effectiveness of the controllers was evaluated with a PI controller and a Fuzzy Logic (FL) controller. The performances are analyzed and compared on the OPAL-RT digital simulator, which is based on the RT-LAB platform with the model, and its control built in Simulink. The results of the simulations clearly show that algorithm based on fuzzy controllers gives better performance in terms of monitoring the maximum power coefficient and optimal speed compared to conventional algorithms.

scholarly journals Optimal Power Point on the I-V Curve of a Photovoltaic Solar System (Modelling and Analysis)

2020 ◽  
pp. 91-104
Author(s):  
Baba Alfa ◽  
Yakubu Adamu ◽  
Daniel Alberto Pena Perez
Keyword(s):  
Pulse Width Modulation ◽  
Electronic Device ◽  
System Modelling ◽  
Point Tracking ◽  
Pv Panel ◽  
Power Point Tracking ◽  
Optimal Power ◽  
Perturb And Observe ◽  
Pv Cell ◽  
Power Point

Motivated by recent interest in improving the performance of PV cells, we explored the optimal power point in Photovoltaic (PV) cells by using three different topologies to compare its function and efficacy. Firstly, we investigate the consequence of connecting a PV directly to the load. Secondly, the efficacy of an electronic device that generates a pulse width modulation (PWM) to control a boost converter connected to the PV panel and the load and finally the maximum power point tracking (MPPT) method by using the Algorithm Perturb and Observe (P\&O), with the implementation of the DC-DC converter between the PV panel and the load. In doing so, a mathematical model of the PV cell was employed and using MATLAB Simulink, the behaviour of the voltage and current signals acquired were analysed, this helps in understanding the performance of the solar cell under different meteorological circumstances, and its effect on the power generated by the PV cell. Finally, based on the performance simulations on the three methods implemented, the results were tested for the response time of the MPPT under different load conditions in order to ascertain it performance.

scholarly journals Performance comparison between PWM and MPPT charge controllers

2019 ◽  
Vol 24 (1) ◽  
pp. 6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sergio Basilio Sepulveda Mora ◽  
Eduardo Andrés Luna Paipa ◽  
Miguel Angel Laguado Serrano ◽  
Luis Fernando Bustos Márquez
Keyword(s):  
Pulse Width ◽  
Pulse Width Modulation ◽  
Maximum Power Point Tracking ◽  
Performance Comparison ◽  
Maximum Power ◽  
Maximum Power Point ◽  
Point Tracking ◽  
Power Point Tracking ◽  
Para Determinar ◽  
Power Point

Los controladores de carga son implementados en varios sistemas electrónicos con el objetivo de proteger y controlar la carga y descarga de una batería; en el caso de los controladores utilizados en sistemas fotovoltaicos autónomos se implementan dos tipos de tecnologías, Pulse Width Modulation (PWM) y Maximum Power Point Tracking (MPPT). En este artículo se compararon dos controladores de carga con diseños originales en sistemas fotovoltaicos con las mismas especificaciones técnicas para determinar el comportamiento de cada uno bajo condiciones ambientales similares. La implementación de ambos controladores de carga se basó en software y hardware con diseños originales, utilizando tecnología PWM y MPPT. Ambos sistemas están compuestos por el controlador de carga, un panel solar de 30 W y una batería de 12 V a 18 Ah; se realizaron las pruebas experimentales de ambos controladores midiendo voltaje y corriente en el panel y en la batería en procesos de carga y descarga, observando que el controlador MPPT tiene una eficiencia promedio mayor que el controlador PWM debido a que el tipo de tecnología implementada influye directamente en la eficiencia, incluso ante valores menos favorables de radiación solar y temperatura ambiente. El controlador PWM es una opción de eficiencia aceptable y además de bajo costo respecto al controlador MPPT. En la implementación de ambos controladores se calcularon tiempos de autonomía similares.

scholarly journals SOLAR CHARGE CONTROLLER FOR DOMESTIC APPLICATION

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mayur N Mallya, ◽  
Manasa P ◽  
Sameeksh M Shetty ◽  
Shamu M ◽  
Soniya Agrawal
Keyword(s):  
Pulse Width Modulation ◽  
Maximum Power Point Tracking ◽  
Maximum Power ◽  
Maximum Power Point ◽  
Pwm Inverter ◽  
Point Tracking ◽  
Power Point Tracking ◽  
Perturb And Observe ◽  
Mathematical Equations ◽  
Power Point

In this paper, a solar charge controller with Maximum Power Point Tracking is designed and implemented using Matlab Simulink. There is also an output inverter integrated with the system to obtain a single phase AC output to power the home appliances. For the maximum power point tracking two methods, the Perturb and Observe (P&O) and Incremental Conductance (INC) algorithms are implemented and their performance is analysed. With the changing irradiance, the MPP is tracked effectively and a regulated DC voltage is obtained using Buck-Boost converter, which is suitable for the selected pulse width modulation (PWM) inverter. Mathematical modelling of the same is performed, establishing the relation between various mathematical equations and estimating quantitative behavior of the physical system.

scholarly journals Power Characteristics Analysis of Maximum Power Point Tracking (MPPT) and Pulse Width Modulation (PWM)

2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ilham Ramadhana Chofananda ◽  
Jamaaluddin Jamaaluddin ◽  
Arief Wisaksono ◽  
Izza Anshory
Keyword(s):  
Solar Energy ◽  
Pulse Width ◽  
Pulse Width Modulation ◽  
Maximum Power Point Tracking ◽  
Maximum Power ◽  
Maximum Power Point ◽  
Power Characteristics ◽  
Point Tracking ◽  
Power Point Tracking ◽  
Power Point

Solar energy is a source of energy and has advantages compared to fossil energy. Indeed, further research and development of this type of solar power is needed, including at the University of Muhammadiyah Sidoarjo. The use of solar energy is carried out by installing photovoltaic (PV) cells with a photovoltaic output control system that uses MPPT (Maximum Power Point Tracking) and PWM (Pulse Width Modulation) to regulate the load used and charge the battery. The two PV control methods have different characteristics. These differences will be analyzed based on the characteristics of the load and sunlight contained in the electrical engineering laboratory of the Muhammadiyah University of Sidoarjo. It can be seen from the results of the analysis that at power above 200 W, MPPT has a better voltage stability than PWM.

Solar PV Powered Standalone Water Pumping Systems

2018 ◽  
pp. 139-190
Author(s):  
Sachin Jain ◽  
Ramsha Karampuri ◽  
Ramulu Chinthamalla
Keyword(s):  
Induction Motor ◽  
Pulse Width Modulation ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Integrated Control ◽  
Control Technique ◽  
Pumping System ◽  
Point Tracking ◽  
Power Point Tracking ◽  
Water Pumping ◽  
Power Point

The standalone solar photovoltaic (PV) powered water pumping system could have either two power conditioning units (PCUs) or a single PCU. The system with single PCU is advantageous over the prior because of low device count, smaller in size, low cost, low losses, and higher efficiency. This chapter includes four such single-stage PV water pumping systems. All the four systems are operated using the integrated control technique which assimilates maximum power point tracking (MPPT), pulse width modulation (PWM) technique, and motor control. But the PV systems differ in the inverter configuration used as well as the employed induction motor (conventional star connected and open-end winding induction motor [OEWIM]). The detailed description of mathematical modeling, design and analysis of all the four PV pumping systems along with the simulation results are presented in this chapter.

Energy management based on fractional open circuit and P-SSHI techniques for piezoelectric energy harvesting

2019 ◽  
Vol 86 (1) ◽  
pp. 14-24 ◽  
Author(s):  
Manel Zouari ◽  
Slim Naifar ◽  
Ghada Bouattour ◽  
Nabil Derbel ◽  
Olfa Kanoun
Keyword(s):  
Energy Harvesting ◽  
Energy Management ◽  
Open Circuit ◽  
Maximum Efficiency ◽  
Piezoelectric Energy Harvesting ◽  
Point Tracking ◽  
Power Point Tracking ◽  
Piezoelectric Energy ◽  
Self Powered ◽  
Power Point

AbstractSelf-powered energy management circuits make energy harvesting converters more efficient and more reliable. This paper presents an improvement of a Maximum Power Point Tracking (MPPT) technique applied on a Parallel Synchronized Switch Harvesting on Inductor (P-SSHI) technique for piezoelectric vibration converters. The aims are to detect the unstable vibrational state, optimize the output voltage and maximize the output power of the piezoelectric transducer.First, the P-SSHI technique is implemented without an MPPT technique. Then, an MPPT technique based on Fractional Open Circuit (FOC) voltage method is implemented. An improvement of the FOC method is proposed to enhance the capability of the Piezoelectric Energy Harvesting (PEH) system. The comparison between different simulation results shows that by using the same input parameters, the maximum efficiency for the PEH system based on the P-SSHI technique implemented without MPPT is 8.82 % whereas the maximum efficiency of the system based on the (FOC) voltage MPPT method is 13.77 %. A significant improvement of the PEH system is obtained by using the modified (FOC) method, where the efficiency reached 24.59 %.

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