scholarly journals Fisheye-Based Smart Control System for Autonomous UAV Operation

Sensors ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (24) ◽  
pp. 7321
Author(s):  
Donggeun Oh ◽  
Junghee Han
Keyword(s):  
Autonomous System ◽  
Flight Training ◽  
Ground Control ◽  
Target Area ◽  
Path Finding ◽  
Autonomous Flight ◽  
Large Target ◽  
Ground Control Station ◽  
Smart Control ◽  
The Internet Of Things

Recently, as UAVs (unmanned aerial vehicles) have become smaller and higher-performance, they play a very important role in the Internet of Things (IoT). Especially, UAVs are currently used not only in military fields but also in various private sectors such as IT, agriculture, logistics, construction, etc. The range is further expected to increase. Drone-related techniques need to evolve along with this change. In particular, there is a need for the development of an autonomous system in which a drone can determine and accomplish its mission even in the absence of remote control from a GCS (Ground Control Station). Responding to such requirements, there have been various studies and algorithms developed for autonomous flight systems. Especially, many ML-based (Machine-Learning-based) methods have been proposed for autonomous path finding. Unlike other studies, the proposed mechanism could enable autonomous drone path finding over a large target area without size limitations, one of the challenges of ML-based autonomous flight or driving in the real world. Specifically, we devised Multi-Layer HVIN (Hierarchical VIN) methods that increase the area applicable to autonomous flight by overlaying multiple layers. To further improve this, we developed Fisheye HVIN, which applied an adaptive map compression ratio according to the drone’s location. We also built an autonomous flight training and verification platform. Through the proposed simulation platform, it is possible to train ML-based path planning algorithms in a realistic environment that takes into account the physical characteristics of UAV movements.

scholarly journals A Robot Operating System Framework for Secure UAV Communications

Sensors ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (4) ◽  
pp. 1369
Author(s):  
Hyojun Lee ◽  
Jiyoung Yoon ◽  
Min-Seong Jang ◽  
Kyung-Joon Park
Keyword(s):  
Operating System ◽  
Unmanned Aerial Vehicles ◽  
Ground Control ◽  
Unmanned Aerial System ◽  
Security Framework ◽  
Security Vulnerabilities ◽  
Robot Operating System ◽  
Security Issues ◽  
Aerial Vehicles ◽  
Ground Control Station

To perform advanced operations with unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs), it is crucial that components other than the existing ones such as flight controller, network devices, and ground control station (GCS) are also used. The inevitable addition of hardware and software to accomplish UAV operations may lead to security vulnerabilities through various vectors. Hence, we propose a security framework in this study to improve the security of an unmanned aerial system (UAS). The proposed framework operates in the robot operating system (ROS) and is designed to focus on several perspectives, such as overhead arising from additional security elements and security issues essential for flight missions. The UAS is operated in a nonnative and native ROS environment. The performance of the proposed framework in both environments is verified through experiments.

scholarly journals Improving Human Ground Control Performance in Unmanned Aerial Systems

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (8) ◽  
pp. 188
Author(s):  
Marianna Di Gregorio ◽  
Marco Romano ◽  
Monica Sebillo ◽  
Giuliana Vitiello ◽  
Angela Vozella
Keyword(s):  
Situation Awareness ◽  
Interface Design ◽  
Human Machine Interface ◽  
Ground Control ◽  
Entire Group ◽  
Unmanned Aerial Systems ◽  
Ground Control Station ◽  
Machine Interface ◽  
Team Situation Awareness ◽  
Aerial Systems

The use of Unmanned Aerial Systems, commonly called drones, is growing enormously today. Applications that can benefit from the use of fleets of drones and a related human–machine interface are emerging to ensure better performance and reliability. In particular, a fleet of drones can become a valuable tool for monitoring a wide area and transmitting relevant information to the ground control station. We present a human–machine interface for a Ground Control Station used to remotely operate a fleet of drones, in a collaborative setting, by a team of multiple operators. In such a collaborative setting, a major interface design challenge has been to maximize the Team Situation Awareness, shifting the focus from the individual operator to the entire group decision-makers. We were especially interested in testing the hypothesis that shared displays may improve the team situation awareness and hence the overall performance. The experimental study we present shows that there is no difference in performance between shared and non-shared displays. However, in trials when unexpected events occurred, teams using shared displays-maintained good performance whereas in teams using non-shared displays performance reduced. In particular, in case of unexpected situations, operators are able to safely bring more drones home, maintaining a higher level of team situational awareness.

scholarly journals Design and evaluation of UAV ground control station by considering human factors standards and guidelines

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Taiwo Amida
Keyword(s):  
Human Factors ◽  
Human Error ◽  
Ground Control ◽  
Task Load ◽  
Ground Control Station ◽  
Programming Techniques ◽  
Aerial Vehicle ◽  
Standards And Guidelines ◽  
Commercial Off The Shelf ◽  
Nasa Task Load Index

The majority of Unmanned Aerial Vehicle (UAV) accidents can be directly related to human error. For this reason, standards and guidelines focusing on human factors have been published by various organizations such as Transport Canada, FAA, EASA, NASA and military agencies. The objective of this thesis is to present a methodology for designing a Ground Control Station (GCS) using available standards and guidelines for human factors. During the design process, a detailed analysis was performed using human factors methods to ensure all requirements were met; each phase of the design follows the guidelines presented in the compiled human factors standards and guidelines. The GCS interface was developed using advanced programming techniques and commercial off-the-shelf software. Moreover, an operator workload evaluation was carried out using NASA task load index for validation of design methodology. It was found that the applied methodology not only improved the pilot workload, but also ensured that all user and stakeholders’ requirements are met.

scholarly journals A Ground Control Station for the UAV Flight Simulator

2016 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 28-32
Author(s):  
Sławomir Romaniuk ◽  
Zdzisław Gosiewski ◽  
Leszek Ambroziak
Keyword(s):  
Flight Simulator ◽  
Ground Control ◽  
C Language ◽  
Aircraft Flight ◽  
Ground Control Station ◽  
Flight Parameters

Abstract In the paper implementation of a ground control station for UAV flight simulator is shown. The ground control station software is in cooperation with flight simulator, displaying various aircraft flight parameters. The software is programmed in C++ language and utilizes the windows forms for implementing graphical content. One of the main aims of the design of the application was to simplify the interface, simultaneously maintaining the functionality and the eligibility. A mission can be planned and monitored using the implemented map control supported by waypoint list.

Design and development of an aircraft type portable drone for surveillance and disaster management

2018 ◽  
Vol 6 (3) ◽  
pp. 147-159 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kazi Mahmud Hasan ◽  
S.H. Shah Newaz ◽  
Md. Shamim Ahsan
Keyword(s):  
Performance Analysis ◽  
Real Time ◽  
Disaster Management ◽  
Ground Control ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Recovery System ◽  
Ground Control Station ◽  
Autonomous Aircraft ◽  
Aircraft Type ◽  
The Cost

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to demonstrate the development of an aircraft-type autonomous portable drone suitable for surveillance and disaster management. The drone is capable of flying at a maximum speed of 76 km/h. This portable drone comprises five distinct parts those are easily installable within several minutes and can be fit in a small portable kit. The drone consists of a ballistic recovery system, allowing the drone landing vertically. The integrated high-definition camera sends real-time video stream of desired area to the ground control station. In addition, the drone is capable of carrying ~1.8 kg of payload. Design/methodology/approach In order to design and develop the portable drone, the authors sub-divided the research activities in six fundamental steps: survey of the current drone technologies, design the system architecture of the drone, simulation and modeling of various modules of the drone, development of various modules of the drone and their performance analysis, integration of various modules of the drone, and real-life performance analysis and finalization. Findings Experimental results: the cruise speed of the drone was in the range between 45 and 62 km/h. The drone was capable of landing vertically using the ballistic recovery system attached with it. On the contrary, the drone can transmit real-time video to the ground control station and, thus, suitable for surveillance. The audio system of the drone can be used for announcement of emergency messages. The drone can carry 1.8 kg of payload and can be used during disaster management. The drone parts are installed within 10 min and fit in a small carrying box. Practical implications The autonomous aircraft-type portable drone has a wide range of applications including surveillance, traffic jam monitoring and disaster management. Social implications The cost of the cost-effective drone is within $700 and creates opportunities for the deployment in the least developed countries. Originality/value The autonomous aircraft-type portable drone along with the ballistic recovery system were designed and developed by the authors using their won technology.

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