scholarly journals An Assessment of Trade Facilitation’s Impacts on China’s Forest Product Exports to Countries Along the “Belt and Road” Based on the Perspective of Ternary Margins

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (5) ◽  
pp. 1298 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jinzhu Zhang ◽  
Fangfang Li ◽  
Yu Liu ◽  
Baodong Cheng
Keyword(s):  
Evaluation System ◽  
Positive Impact ◽  
Forest Products ◽  
Forest Product ◽  
Export Growth ◽  
Trade Facilitation ◽  
Growth Structure ◽  
Belt And Road ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Belt And Road

With the reduction of traditional tariff and non-tariff trade barriers, trade facilitation measures, such as improved port efficiency and the customs environment, have become increasingly important for improving the structure of export growth and exploring the trade potential of forest products. Our research divided China’s export growth of forest products into extensive margins (variety), quantity margins (quantity), and price margins (quality), and discussed how trade facilitation impacted China’s forest product export growth structure from the perspective of ternary margins. An evaluation system of trade facilitation was constructed, and principal component analysis was used to measure the levels of trade facilitation of 13 countries which had large trade flows of forest products with China along the “Belt and Road”. In addition, we used transnational panel data and the extended gravity model to analyze the impact of their trade facilitation on the ternary margins of China’s export growth. In order to overcome the endogeneity of the model, the 2 stage least squares (2SLS) method was used and the first-order lags of trade facilitation indicators were selected as instrument variables. The decomposition results of ternary margins showed that the “low price and high quantity” export growth pattern had remained in China’s forest products trade, and the 2SLS regression results indicated that the improvement of trade facilitation had a significantly positive impact on the quantity margins and price margins, but no significant impact on the extensive margins. It is suggested that China should make differentiated investments to countries along the “Belt and Road” based on their different levels of trade facilitation, in order to promote constant improvement of product quality and optimization of export growth structure in the forest products industry.

Analysis of China-Pakistan Leisure Sports Industry under the Background of "The Belt and Road"

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-12
Author(s):  
Huang Liang
Keyword(s):  
Positive Impact ◽  
Leisure Activities ◽  
Development Economic ◽  
Infrastructure Development ◽  
Sports Industry ◽  
Leisure Sports ◽  
Belt And Road ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Belt And Road ◽  
Sports Activities

Scholars stress the importance of leisure sports activities for a healthy body and mind. There is a positive correlation between socioeconomic uplift and leisure sports activities. China-Pakistan economic corridor (CPEC) is the flagship project under the “The Belt and Road” initiative led by the Chines government, with pouring in of huge investment centered around CPEC. It is hoped that it would have positively affected leisure sports activities. Relying on qualitative and quantitative data, the study analyzed the impact of CPEC on leisure sports activities. The findings suggest the positive impact of CPEC on leisure activities. These activities were facilitated with the provision of sports facilities, infrastructure development, economic uplift, and cultural influence.

scholarly journals The Impact of FDI on Economic Openness of Provinces along "the Belt and Road"

2021 ◽  
Vol 233 ◽  
pp. 01170
Author(s):  
Maoguo Wu ◽  
Yuting Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Foreign Direct Investment ◽  
Direct Investment ◽  
Positive Impact ◽  
Total Import ◽  
Economic Openness ◽  
Distribution Of Resources ◽  
Belt And Road ◽  
Foreign Invested Enterprises ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Belt And Road

The implementation of "the Belt and Road" initiative has further enhanced China’s economic openness and attracted more foreign direct investment (FDI). However, China is characterized by unbalanced economic development and distribution of resources in different regions. Therefore, analyzing the impact of FDI on economic openness of 18 provinces along "the Belt and Road" and developing the economies of these provinces more specifically have become an important issue. This paper uses factor analysis and DEA-Malmquist model to construct the economic openness of 18 provinces. FDI proxied by 5 measurements are selected to evaluate the impact of foreign direct investment on each province’s economic openness by using spatial econometric model. Empirical results find that FDI has a positive impact on the economic openness of the provinces along "the Belt and Road", and the surrounding provinces also have a significant role in promoting the economic openness of a province. But FDI has different impact on different regions with East Region exhibiting the most significant effect. FDI enhances economic openness mainly through registered capital of foreign-invested enterprises and total import and export of foreign-invested enterprises.

scholarly journals General and Chinese foreign direct investments in Serbian economy and economic development

2019 ◽  
pp. 361-374
Author(s):  
Natasa Stanojevic ◽  
Zoran Jovanovic
Keyword(s):  
Positive Impact ◽  
Statistical Significance ◽  
P Value ◽  
Foreign Direct Investments ◽  
Belt And Road Initiative ◽  
Multiple Variable ◽  
Belt And Road ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Belt And Road ◽  
Variable Analysis

This paper examines the impact of Chinese investments in the infrastructure facilities within the Belt and Road Initiative on the Serbian economy. The research objectives are to measure the impact of the general foreign direct investments and the Chinese foreign direct investments on the key indicators of the Serbian economy, to assess their impact on the Serbian economy in general, and to compare their effects. The initial hypothesis is that the effects of the Chinese foreign direct investments on infrastructure are significantly more favourable than foreign direct investments originating in other countries, primarily due to the sectors they are implemented, and the different approach of Chinese investors, which implies the mutual benefit of partners and long-term interests in a particular country or region. The impact of the Chinese and general foreign direct investments on several key economic indicators of the Serbian economy is measured separately and compared. Since there are several dependent variables involved in the correlation, the Multiple Variable Analysis is used. The statistical procedure includes two tests of the statistical significance of the estimated correlation: P-value, as a part of Multiple Variable Analysis, and F-test, which is commonly used for small samples. The results show much stronger and more positive impact of the Chinese investments than general foreign direct investments, but also point to the direction of a change, such as increasing of import of goods and services, the reduction of unemployment, and the increase in the employment rate, as well as the dege of openness of the economy. Some results can be considered as the general effects of joining the Belt and Road Initiative, that is, they can have great significance for all countries on one of the many directions of the new Silk Road.

Trade Facilitation Challenges and Reform Priorities for Maximizing the Impact of the Belt and Road Initiative

10.1596/30477 ◽  
2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marcus Bartley Johns ◽  
Julian Latimer Clarke ◽  
Clay Kerswell ◽  
Gerard McLinden
Keyword(s):  
Belt And Road Initiative ◽  
Trade Facilitation ◽  
Belt And Road ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Belt And Road

scholarly journals Impact of Multi-Dimensional and Dynamic Distance on China’s Exports of Wooden Forest Products to Countries along the “Belt and Road”

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (8) ◽  
pp. 3339
Author(s):  
Tianbo Wu ◽  
Bin Zhang ◽  
Yukun Cao ◽  
Pingjun Sun
Keyword(s):  
Gravity Model ◽  
Cultural Distance ◽  
Forest Products ◽  
Spatial Distance ◽  
Estimation Model ◽  
Key Factor ◽  
Belt And Road ◽  
Trade Gravity Model ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Belt And Road

National distance (ND) is the key factor that affects international trade but the traditional trade gravity model only considers spatial distance, which is not enough. This paper therefore constructs a trade gravity model and a Generalized Moment Estimation Model (GMM) based on four dimensions—spatial distance (SD), economic distance (ED), institutional distance (ID) and cultural distance (CD)—comprehensively analyzing the impact of the heterogeneity represented by national distance on exports of wooden forest products (EWFP) from China to countries along the “Belt and Road” using panel data from 2001 to2018. The results show that the impacts of the four types of ND on China’s EWFP are different and that a major change has taken place since the “Belt and Road” initiative was proposed, within which CD has become the key factor that hinders exports, while the traditional SD is not significant. Therefore, using NDs instead of the SD of the traditional trade gravity model is much more reasonable. Finally, this paper proposes some suggestions to reduce the ND between China and the route countries and to promote cooperation among them.

scholarly journals The Impact of Trade Facilitation on Cross-Border E-Commerce Transactions: Analysis Based on the Marine and Land Cross-Border Logistical Practices between China and Countries along the “Belt and Road”

Water ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (24) ◽  
pp. 3567
Author(s):  
Yingying Liang ◽  
Liangliang Guo ◽  
Jianlu Li ◽  
Shuang Zhang ◽  
Xiangyun Fei
Keyword(s):  
Transport Infrastructure ◽  
Trade Facilitation ◽  
Cross Border ◽  
Marine Transport ◽  
Governance Environment ◽  
Bilateral Trading ◽  
Belt And Road ◽  
Government Governance ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Belt And Road

In the post-epidemic era, cross-border e-commerce has become a new growth point for global foreign trade. Unlike traditional trade, which is dominated by marine transport, cross-border e-commerce transactions have high requirements for both marine and land transport, and the scale of their trade is accordingly limited by the level of trade facilitation i.e., the convenience of cross-border logistics in bilateral trading countries. Based on transaction cost theory, this article takes cross-border e-commerce transactions between China and countries along “The Belt and Road” as the core of the study. From the perspective of marine and land transport timeliness, the theoretical framework is constructed using the marine and land logistics infrastructure, customs clearance environment, government–governance environment, and cross-border logistics services as the main influencing paths; the GMM method is then applied in order to conduct a study on the impact of trade facilitation on the scale effect of cross-border e-commerce. The study finds that marine and land transport infrastructure has the strongest impact, with customs clearance environment and government–governance environment having the second strongest and comparable impact. The findings of the study further clarify the differences in the application of different cross-border logistics facilitation measures, and provide a theoretical basis for improving the timeliness of cross-border e-commerce transactions and reducing trade costs as well as a reference for the realization of land–sea integration and land–sea interconnection under “The Belt and Road” initiative.

scholarly journals Has the belt and road initiative boosted the resident consumption in cities along the domestic route? – evidence from credit card consumption

2021 ◽  
Vol 0 (0) ◽  
Author(s):  
Li Zhen ◽  
Zhang Yao
Keyword(s):  
Credit Card ◽  
Positive Impact ◽  
Policy Formulation ◽  
Crowding Out ◽  
Government Investment ◽  
Relationship Model ◽  
Belt And Road ◽  
Specific Practice ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Belt And Road

Abstract The Belt and Road (B&R) is a major initiative and vision for China and the world to jointly create prosperity. Based on the data of resident credit card consumption in 291 cities in China from 2011 to 2016, this article establishes a consumption relationship model for cities along the B&R to investigate the impact of the initiative on resident consumption. Through the DID model, there are the following findings. First, the B&R Initiative has a significant positive impact on the resident consumption in cities along the route. Second, the B&R Initiative has a significant effect on the promotion of various industries, and the crowding-out effect of government investment is relatively small. The research conclusions are of reference significance for policy formulation on the specific practice path and detailed measures of the B&R Initiative.

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