Facebook users’ reaction to the declaration of the state of emergency in the Republic of Srpska

The paper presents the research findings on the behavior of users of the social network Facebook, in the circumstances of a crisis situation and the declaration of the state of emergency. By combining the media content analysis, modified netnographic approach and pseudo-survey techniques, the author seeks to determine the extent and the manner in which the declaration of the state of emergency in the Republic of Srpska has affected its citizens. The results show that the state of emergency has led to a reduction in the number of events reported, creating uniformity in media content and increasing the degree to which the media rely on official sources of information. On the other hand, the audience shows saturation with such content, completely ignoring it or expressing dissatisfaction with the overall situation, most often sarcastically. The analysis of user comments shows that, although value-neutral, the content focused on government activities provoked mostly negative comments, with hate speech and explicit vulgarism, as well as comments ad hominem, although to a lesser extent.

Between desires and reality: Investigating the return intentions among the second generation members of migrants from Serbia in Switzerland

Return migration is an under-explored area of population mobility studies. Although the return intention does not represent a guarantee for its realization, migrants who express the intention to return have a better chance of achieving it compared to those who do not even think about it. Return migration can have great importance for the country of origin?s overall development, especially when it comes to return of young people. The paper presents the results of a survey carried out among the second generation members of migrants from Serbia in canton of Lucerne (Switzerland) with the aim of determining their return intentions. The research excludes the possibility of short-term (temporary) return, and the respondents answered about the intentions related exclusively to permanent return. For the purposes of the paper, an online questionnaire was conducted as well as interviews. The results indicated the complexity and indissolubility of migrants? ties with the Republic of Serbia on different levels. However, the return intention has been shown to be influenced by a number of factors that are primarily related to life satisfaction in the country of destination. In that context, it is not surprising that most of the respondents (48.4%) do not plan to return to Serbia, some of them (30.3%) might return, while the smallest number of respondents (21.2%) intend to return. In contrast to the intentions of the respondents themselves, it was found that the respondents? parents (the first generation of migrants) have a greater intention to return to Serbia (66.7%). By crossing the data, it was determined that the return intention is most express among employedmen who are married, who send remittances and visit Serbia two to five times a year. The intention to stay in the country of destination is most express among women aged 20-24 who are employed, unmarried and have no children. In addition, the results showed that respondents who plan to return are more likely to make contact with friends and relatives in Serbia than respondents who do not plan to return.

Karlovac chant between tradition and innovation

Church singing, which was created due to the circumstances that arose after the Great Migration, is better known as the Karlovac chant. It was named after the place where it was transcribed and represents our national way of interpreting liturgical music, characterized by accepted influences of Western European musical practice, manifested first in music transcription, notation, metrics, and Western European tonality. Those were necessary conditions for its further artistic transposition into a complex polyphonic choral facture, intended primarily for church music elite. Permeated with the standard authoritative Western European musical tradition, it succumbed to the influence of superior musical achievements. However, when exposed to Western European creative practices, it did not prove to be a harmonized expression of artistic subordination, but an example of an unpredictable musical achievement based on the synthesis of our rich musical heritage imbued with a unique confessional and national self-determination. Its basic characteristics go back to the traditional musical heritage of the Balkans and Byzantium, enriched by Western European influences.

Why don’t mourners do geometry? St Maximus the Confessor and St Gregory the Theologian’s Oration 27

The paper deals with St Maximus? Ambiguum 14 in which this Byzantine theologian interprets a paragraph from the famous First theological oration of St Gregory the Theologian. By way of comparison, the Cappadocian states that Eunomian theological discussions are misplaced in the same manner as doing geometry would be in the time of mourning. Maximus faced a rather difficult task of interpreting this odd comparison. In response to this challenge, he offered several different interpretations, admitting that he would be grateful to anyone who might offer a better solution of this ambiguity. Some scholars who dealt with the text criticism of this very oration did precisely this by suggesting that ?the geometry? (?????????) represented a lapsus calami which replaced the original phrase ?the immoderate laughter? (???? ???????), while others refused to accept their proposal. Reflections are offered in conclusion on the authority present in the patristic texts, both in case of Maximus as well as in the case of contemporary patristic scholars.

Ecological knowledge and connectedness to nature as predictors of farmers’ ecological attitudes

Environmental attitudes are one of the determinants of farmers? ecologically responsible behaviour. However, it is not easy to determine factors which influence individuals? environmental attitudes. The literature suggests the existence of a number of influencing factors. In this paper, the environmental attitudes of the farmers? in Vojvodina have been tested in relation to environmental knowledge and connectedness to nature, which are important elements of environmental awareness. As far as the authors know, these variables have not yet been linked to the concept of the new ecological paradigm (NEP), and this paper provides new insight into the relations between the NEP scale and the selected elements of environmental awareness. A multiple regression was conducted to see if environmental knowledge and connectedness to nature predicted the environmental attitudes. The results show that both variables explain 9.6% variance in NEP values. The results show that the farmers? environmental knowledge and their connectedness to nature are statistically significant, but in a small percentage explain the achieved values on the NEP scale. ?herefore, one can say that the tested variables are predictors of environmental attitudes, but they are also influenced by other factors which need to be investigated in the future researches.

Challenges of health care systems and health cooperatives in international and national context

This paper presents different models of health systems in the world as well as selected important challenges that they face. Also, the paper presents historical and modern concepts of development of health cooperatives in selected countries, including the Republic of Serbia. Observing the long-term sustainability of different models of health systems, certain weaknesses are pointed out, but also the significant role of health cooperatives in these systems over time, both in the international and national context. A view of the work of health cooperatives during the COVID-19 pandemic in selected countries is presented with examples of innovations in organizational terms that health cooperatives have applied in order to increase efficiency and to respond to business and health challenges posed by the pandemic. A potential answer to the presented weaknesses of health systems is to consider establishing and strengthening health cooperatives, having in mind their role in those systems throughout history, with special reference to the Republic of Serbia where health cooperatives were founded during the 19th century. However, although Serbian health cooperatives were a model for the development of health cooperatives in the world, since 1949 health cooperatives in Serbia are almost non-existent. Following the genesis of the development of these organizations and their modern role in societies around the world, the conclusions indicate the flexibility and resilience of health cooperatives to adapt to new socio-economic conditions, innovation of these organizations shown over time, importance and contribution to societies during their history and during the emerging pandemic. Also, the need for a change in public policies is pointed out, which would enable the establishment of a larger number of health cooperatives in the Republic of Serbia in response to the growing challenges of the health system, following the example of the world.

Traditional folk economic buildings on the Tara mountain

Traditional folk architecture on Tara mountain, generally speaking, belongs to cultural areal of traditional building of dinarska brvnara type, i.e. building made of wood. In direct connection with Zlatibor mountain, where we can find some of the best examples of vernacular architecture, traditional building on Tara mountain does not show any specificity but at the same time does not lag behind comparison with other regions with the same type of building. In this paper we are presenting results of ethnographic field research in traditional folk construction of economic buildings. The field research was accomplished during years 2015 and 2016 in villages on Tara. The emphasis is on the economic buildings which are directly derived from structure of economic activities of rural population and we are taking into account both traditional and contemporary economic buildings. In this paper basic forms of organisation of space in households are presented as well. Preliminary analysis of the economic buildings on Tara shows that they clearly follow needs of traditional economy, needs which are determined with the culture of social organization as well as with the structure of economic organization. Construction and architecture of economic buildings also points out that they are on high utilitarian level and that they can represent relations between some economic activities.

Just war theory in Njegos’s works

Modern just war theory represents more of a tradition of thoughts on ethical issues of war than a theory per se. However, philosophical attitudes on war coming from authors from non-western cultures, including Serbian culture, are often left outside of this tradition. Author aims to demonstrate that there are clear ideas on ethical attributes of war and warring in Njegos?s work. By analyzing Njegos?s views expressed in his most significant works, through the prism of criteria of the classical elements of the modern just war theory (Jus ad Bellum, Jus in Bello), author demonstrates the existence of Serbian tradition of thought on ethics of war and warring. In this way, modern just war theory is supplemented and enriched with the Serbian historical perspective on justness of war and in war. Simultaneously, author highlights the challenges and perils of interpretation of philosophical ideas without considering the historical context, specific political-culturological circumstances and personality of the idea author. This is of a particular contemporary relevance, as misinterpretations of Njegos?s ideas on war and justice in war are often used to further fuel national antagonisms and destabilize the region.

Practical teaching and professional practice in higher education

Ideas about work-based learning and learning through practical experience have been represented in pedagogical theory and practice for a long time. Their importance is actualised in conditions of wider practical application of competency-based education. Practical teaching and professional practice should constitute an integral part of higher education programmes aimed at developing professional competencies. Practical teaching usually occurs as a part of different subject programmes, whereas professional practice occurs as a separate component of study programmes. The extent to which practical teaching and professional practice will be represented in the overall programme as well as the organisational form in which they will occur depend on professional (vocational) profiles implemented in education. Practical teaching and professional practice are highly important in implementing vocational (professional) profiles in the field of education, such as the professional profile of a pedagogue. This paper provides basic explanations of concepts of work-based learning and learning through practical experience that can be viewed as having theoretical origins in noticing the importance of practical teaching and professional practice as integral parts of educational programmes. In addition, the issue has been examined relating to the roles of practical teaching and professional practice in achieving the basic objectives and outcomes of higher education aimed at developing professional competencies. A separate section of the text provides an overview of the position and share of professional practice in the pedagogy study programme implemented at the Department of Pedagogy and Andragogy of the Faculty of Philosophy of the University of Belgrade. As part of this overview, a summary has been given of experience in delivery of compulsory professional practice in school for students of Year Four of bachelor academic studies of pedagogy in the 2019-2020 academic year under the emergency school work conditions caused by the pandemic.

Anthropological approach to public policy - theoretical and methodological consideration

This paper is dedicated to a phenomenon that in English is referred to as public policy, while in Serbian, it uses the term politike or javne politike. There is no universal or one-sided and straightforward definition of public policies. However, the authors agree that public policy research includes the study of decision-making processes and the results of their implementation - whether it is decisions of modern governments or other groups of individuals, institutions, etc. In modern society, public policies are an essential organizational concept that affects all areas of life - they are instruments for shaping socio-cultural reality. In the anthropological approach of public policies, there is a change in the research methodology and the material used as a source of information. Classical anthropological qualitative research is not possible here since it is crucial to capture events in several fields. Therefore, researchers propose a ?studying through? method where the power and networks of relationships between actors, institutions, and discourses in a given time and space, which arise when policy implementation begins, are monitored. When it comes to ?new? material, for the sake of researching public policies, anthropologists turn more to archival material, using various political documents - laws, strategies, recommendations, etc. In line with the above, this paper aims to present an anthropological approach to public policies, point out a different methodology of such research, and emphasize the importance of this anthropological field important for modern society.