scholarly journals Natural Heritage Reconstruction Using Full-Color 3D Printing: A Case Study of the Valley of Five Polish Ponds

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (21) ◽  
pp. 5907 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jakub Wabiński ◽  
Albina Mościcka
Keyword(s):  
3D Printing ◽  
Accuracy Assessment ◽  
Rapid Development ◽  
Automatic Generation ◽  
Natural Heritage ◽  
Full Color ◽  
Heritage Site ◽  
Digital Elevation ◽  
Elevation Model

The research presented in this paper proposes a method for the development of photorealistic, physical terrain models using full-color 3D printing, along with an efficiency assessment (i.e., cartographic correctness). The rapid development of 3D printing technology in recent years has caused a growth in the number of solutions allowing the automatic or semi-automatic generation of digital terrain representations that can be then 3D printed. Unfortunately, most of these solutions do not consider cartographic principles and their products cannot be referred to as 3D maps. The methodology proposed in this paper takes into account issues related to proper cartographic design, so that highly reliable models can be created. The main challenges identified during the research include choosing the optimal pixel size for Digital Elevation Model (DEM) generation, which is used for landform representation, and integrating raster and vector data. Printing accuracy assessment is of high importance and, thus, a method for its implementation has been proposed. In order to verify the usability of the proposed methodology, the natural heritage site of the Valley of Five Polish Ponds, in the Tatra Mountains, Poland, has been chosen as the case study area. The results suggest that the proposed methodology can be successfully used for the preparation of highly accurate 3D maps that can be used for natural heritage documentation, promotion and visualization, as well as for the purposes of spatial planning and education.

scholarly journals MAT: GIS-Based Morphometry Assessment Tools for Concave Landforms

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (14) ◽  
pp. 2810
Author(s):  
Joanna Gudowicz ◽  
Renata Paluszkiewicz
Keyword(s):  
Rapid Development ◽  
Assessment Tools ◽  
Lidar Data ◽  
Automatic Extraction ◽  
Sensing Technology ◽  
Digital Elevation ◽  
Elevation Data ◽  
Elevation Model ◽  
Morphometric Assessment ◽  
Morphometric Evaluation

The rapid development of remote sensing technology for obtaining high-resolution digital elevation models (DEMs) in recent years has made them more and more widely available and has allowed them to be used for morphometric assessment of concave landforms, such as valleys, gullies, glacial cirques, sinkholes, craters, and others. The aim of this study was to develop a geographic information systems (GIS) toolbox for the automatic extraction of 26 morphometric characteristics, which include the geometry, hypsometry, and volume of concave landforms. The Morphometry Assessment Tools (MAT) toolbox in the ArcGIS software was developed. The required input data are a digital elevation model and the form boundary as a vector layer. The method was successfully tested on an example of 21 erosion-denudation valleys located in the young glacial area of northwest Poland. Calculations were based on elevation data collected in the field and LiDAR data. The results obtained with the tool showed differences in the assessment of the volume parameter at the average level of 12%, when comparing the field data and LiDAR data. The algorithm can also be applied to other types of concave forms, as well as being based on other DEM data sources, which makes it a universal tool for morphometric evaluation.

scholarly journals Conformity of the NASADEM_HGT and ALOS AW3D30 DEM with the Altitude from the Brazilian Geodetic Reference Stations: A Case Study from Brazilian Cerrado

Sensors ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (9) ◽  
pp. 2935
Author(s):  
Giovana Maranhão Bettiol ◽  
Manuel Eduardo Ferreira ◽  
Luiz Pacheco Motta ◽  
Édipo Henrique Cremon ◽  
Edson Eyji Sano
Keyword(s):  
Decision Makers ◽  
Surface Model ◽  
Brazilian Cerrado ◽  
Digital Elevation ◽  
Class B ◽  
Crucial Information ◽  
Error Standard Deviation ◽  
Elevation Model ◽  
Main Region

The Brazilian Cerrado (tropical savanna) is the second largest biome in South America and the main region in the country for agricultural production. Altitude is crucial information for decision-makers and planners since it is directly related to temperature that conditions, for example, the climatic risk of rainfed crop plantations. This study analyzes the conformity of two freely available digital elevation models (DEMs), the NASADEM Merged Digital Elevation Model Global 1 arc second (NASADEM_HGT) version 1 and the Advanced Land Observing Satellite Global Digital Surface Model (ALOS AW3D30), version 3.1, with the altitudes provided by 1695 reference stations of the Brazilian Geodetic System. Both models were evaluated based on the parameters recommended in the Brazilian Cartographic Accuracy Standard for Digital Cartographic Products (PEC-PCD), which defines error tolerances according to eight different scales (from 1:1000 to 1:250,000) and classes A (most strict tolerance, for example, 0.17 m for 1:1000 scale), B, C, and D (least strict tolerance, for example, 50 m for 1:250,000 scale). Considering the class A, the NASADEM_HGT meets 1:250,000 and lower scales, while AW3D30 meets 1:100,000 and lower scales; for class B, NASADEM_HGT meets 1:100,000 scale and AW3D30 meets 1:50,000. AW3D30 presented lower values of root mean square error, standard deviation, and bias, indicating that it presents higher accuracy in relation to the NASADEM_HGT. Within eight of Cerrado’s municipalities with the highest grain production, the differences between average altitudes, measured by the Cohen’s effect size, were statistically insignificant. The results obtained by the PEC-PCD for the Cerrado biome indicate that both models can be employed in different DEM-dependent applications over this biome.

scholarly journals Environmental monitoring of soil pollution in urban areas (a case study from Heraklion city, Central Crete, Greece)

2017 ◽  
Vol 47 (2) ◽  
pp. 963
Author(s):  
E. Kokinou ◽  
C. Belonaki ◽  
D. Sakadakis ◽  
K. Sakadaki
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Susceptibility ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Magnetic Measurements ◽  
Topographic Map ◽  
Near Surface ◽  
Thermomagnetic Analysis ◽  
Geological Features ◽  
Digital Elevation ◽  
Elevation Model

Main scope of the present study is to combine topographic and geological data, magnetic susceptibility and thermomagnetic analysis in order to investigate the magnetic properties of the near surface soils in possible polluted urban areas. For this purpose, a power plant with a dense traffic net around it, located in the NW section of Heraklion city in Crete was selected to be the study area. Surface soil samples have been collected from the area under investigation and they were analyzed in order to estimate the spatial distribution of the magnetic susceptibility. Loci of high values of the magnetic susceptibility within the study area gave rise to further proceed to thermomagnetic analysis of the selected samples. GIS techniques were used for mapping the magnetic measurements on the various topographic and geological features of the area. The digital elevation model was created by the digitization of the topographic map contours (1:5000 scale maps). The combination of the above techniques indicate high values of the magnetic susceptibility especially in the northeastern part of the investigated area, possibly related to pollution due to the presence of heavy metals.

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