scholarly journals Daylight Provision Requirements According to EN 17037 as a Restriction for Sustainable Urban Planning of Residential Developments

2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 315
Author(s):  
Nataša Šprah ◽  
Mitja Košir
Keyword(s):  
Urban Planning ◽  
Residential Buildings ◽  
Methodological Approach ◽  
Area Ratio ◽  
Sustainable Land Use ◽  
Urban Density ◽  
Floor Area ◽  
Floor Area Ratio ◽  
Residential Developments ◽  
The Impact

The attempt at a more sustainable land use by increasing urban density may have a negative effect on the daylighting of residential buildings. In densely built areas, obstructions generated by the surrounding buildings can substantially reduce the available amount of daylight, causing poorly daylit spaces and a less healthy indoor environment with higher electricity consumption as a consequence of artificial lighting. European standard EN 17037, Daylight in Buildings, was established in 2018 to ensure appropriately daylit spaces. In this paper, a three-step methodology was developed to investigate the relationship between certain urban planning parameters and the daylighting of a typical room defined by specific (Slovenian) legislative restrictions about its geometry and minimum required window to floor area ratio, in order to establish the maximum densities of residential developments still fulfilling the minimum requirements for daylight provision defined by EN 17037. The results show that a relatively low urban density is required to fulfil the stipulations for minimum daylight provision for the deepest permissible room according to the Slovenian legislation. The impact of the development floor area ratio on the daylighting potential of buildings was identified as significant, followed by the site coverage, development layout, and building typology. Furthermore, the developed methodological approach clearly demonstrates a substantial potential for application in urban planning, with indoor daylight environmental conditions being linked to the planning of residential developments in the earliest stages of the project.

scholarly journals Estimation of building shape by block size

2019 ◽  
Vol 1 ◽  
pp. 1-2
Author(s):  
Masahiro Taima ◽  
Yasushi Asami ◽  
Kimihiro Hino
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Urban Planning ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Block Size ◽  
Area Ratio ◽  
Data Set ◽  
Floor Area ◽  
Floor Area Ratio ◽  
Building Shape ◽  
Building Footprint

<p><strong>Abstract.</strong> Block restructuring has been strongly emphasized in Japan for renovating cities. However, little is known about the relation between block size and building shape. Moreover, the shape of buildings designed on a block after restructuring is unclear. Some estimation methods for urban physical status, such as building footprint location, floor area, and land use, have been developed in previous research. Taima et al. (2016) developed a model to estimate the building footprint area by using GIS. The future image of the building footprint on various blocks is visualized. Similarly, Asami and Ohtaki (2000) developed a model to estimate detached house location. Orford (2010) developed a methodology for estimating the floor area of individual properties from digital infrastructure data. Shiravi et al. (2015) assessed the utility of some models for estimating floor area using three data sources: a geographic vector building footprint layer, a LiDAR data set, and field survey data for the south side of the city of Fredericton, Canada. They discussed the reliability and accuracy of each model. In other research, Brunner et al. (2009) extended a methodology for building height estimation and tried to improve its accuracy. Schmidt et al. (2010) presented an approach to the estimation of building density on the block scale. Land use (Debnath and Amin, 2016; Jiang and Liu, 2012) and floor area (Orford, 2010) are popular topics and estimated in previous studies of the urban field, but estimation of building shape has seldom been a focus in the literature. Three-dimensional estimations of buildings cannot be found. If software to estimate building shape by block shape and other conditions was developed, it would be useful to determine urban planning, such as population estimation and landuse estimation. In this study, an estimation model is developed and applied to certain areas. In this study, the relation between block size and building shape is analyzed quantitatively, and a three-dimensional building shape is estimated by a model using an urban planning GIS data set of Tokyo (Figure 1 and 2). Results show the quantitative relation between block size and building shape, and the building shape image on the blocks. Higher buildings and buildings with a basement tend to be built in larger blocks, leading to efficient use of the maximum volume permitted in the block. In addition, the region composed by larger blocks can be spacious, because the range of building setback will be long in larger blocks. Designation of a high floor area ratio may induce integration and enlargement of blocks. Blocks are less likely to be partitioned in zones when a high floor area ratio is designated.</p>

scholarly journals Urban Planning Policy for Realizing Public Objectives Through Private Development in Seoul

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (9) ◽  
pp. 2698
Author(s):  
Hye-jin Jung
Keyword(s):  
Urban Planning ◽  
Public Space ◽  
Area Ratio ◽  
Planning System ◽  
Design Elements ◽  
Floor Area ◽  
Floor Area Ratio ◽  
Narrow Scope ◽  
Incentive Policy ◽  
Depth Analysis

This study aims to examine the relationship between urban development by the private sector and the urban planning incentive policy “FAR (Floor Area Ratio) bonus” and its effects on the city of Seoul in Korea. The results and characteristics of the incentive policy in the development process over the last five years in Seoul are investigated. An in-depth analysis of the mechanism of the floor area ratio incentive was conducted alongside measuring public design elements and the additional floor area compensated by private sectors for public benefit. The outcome of summarizing incentive implementations via quantitative analysis indicated that the policy focused on a narrow scope of target items, resulting in an imbalance in the implementation of public benefits and inflated incentive provisions. These quantitative results, exceeding those in non-special planning districts, misleadingly suggest a significant effectiveness of the incentive policy in generating operative public space. This study argues that the standards for establishing a balance between public and private benefit need a reform toward practical and qualitative impacts, while currently it is evaluated based on mere quantification. In conclusion, it is critical to implement policies that designate necessary public amenities in a selective manner and provide more judicious incentives to achieve a better-balanced planning system.

scholarly journals High-capacity transport, floor area ratio and its relationship with urbanization of metropolitan areas

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bruno Luis De Carvalho da Costa ◽  
Fabiene Cristina De Carvalho da Costa
Keyword(s):  
Urban Planning ◽  
Metropolitan Areas ◽  
High Capacity ◽  
Area Ratio ◽  
Right To The City ◽  
Floor Area ◽  
Floor Area Ratio ◽  
The Right ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
The City

Most of the world’s population lives in urban areas (54%). Near 42% of the global urban population live in cities with more than 1 million inhabitants, where problems associated with urban sprawl such as informal settlement, social-economic changes, environmental degradation and deficient high-capacity transport (HCT) systems are common. Meanwhile, urbanization and its associated transportation infrastructure define the relationship between city and countryside, between the city’s inner core and the periphery, between the citizen and his right to move. This article discusses and presents an overview about the relationship between the planning and extension of HCT systems and urban planning, (in the figure of the floor-area ratio - FAR- prescribed in regulations). The methodological approach consists of drawing a conceptual framework and studying 33 different cities of metropolitan areas on five continents. It’s noticed that areas in cities with a high construction potential but with an insufficient HCT negatively influence in urban mobility and hence the right to the city. We consider right to the city the various social and fundamental rights that, among others, includes the right to public transportation. Therefore there’s a real need of an integrated approach of community participation, FAR distribution, urban planning and transportation planning and so that urbanization, inevitable these days, takes place in a fair and harmonious way.DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.4995/CIT2016.2016.3762 

CARBON EMISSION-BASED MEASUREMENT OF FLOOR AREA RATIO BONUS FOR RESIDENTIAL GREEN BUILDINGS IN CHINA

2018 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 84-97 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yanhui Mao ◽  
Xuemei Gong ◽  
Yun Ye
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Emissions ◽  
Carbon Emission ◽  
Residential Buildings ◽  
Green Building ◽  
Green Buildings ◽  
Area Ratio ◽  
Floor Area ◽  
Floor Area Ratio ◽  
Set Up ◽  
Assessment Standard

Green building development in China relies mainly on compulsory measures that lack incentive policies to motivate the enthusiasm of real estate developers. A floor area ratio bonus is encouraged by the Chinese State Council. In order to ensure the feasibility of a reward quota, residential buildings that met the requirement for energy efficiency during the official assessment in Ningbo in 2014 were selected as research objects. The amount of energy and water savings in terms of the Assessment Standard for Green Building is converted into carbon emissions. Carbon emissions of different star-rated green buildings are then measured in accordance with the actual water and power consumption of residential dwellings in 2014. A regression equation is set up concerning the floor area ratio and index for residential land per capita. A carbon emission-based method is proposed for measuring the reward quota associated with floor area ratio and recommendations are given for development using green building.

Research on 3D Simulation of Regulatory Plan with GIS and Modeling Incubator

2013 ◽  
Vol 336-338 ◽  
pp. 1412-1415
Author(s):  
Cheng Wu Wang ◽  
Zhi Hao Mao ◽  
Jia Qi Lei
Keyword(s):  
City Planning ◽  
Area Ratio ◽  
3D Simulation ◽  
Gis Technology ◽  
Floor Area ◽  
Floor Area Ratio ◽  
Virtual City ◽  
Regulatory Plan ◽  
Aided Design

GIS technology has been applied in city planning management and virtual city. It still hasnt got more substantive achievements on aided design of regulatory plan. The notion of Modeling-Incubator has been advanced and integrated with GIS, which is the key resolution and method to 3D simulation of regulatory plan indexes, such as building coverage, floor area ratio, building interval etc. This resolution will be applied in regulatory plan assessment.

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