scholarly journals Scholars’ Identity Transition and Its Impact on Spin-Offs’ R&D Input

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (4) ◽  
pp. 2358
Author(s):  
Xiaohua Li ◽  
Daozhou Yang ◽  
Wu Zhao
Keyword(s):  
Open Innovation ◽  
Theoretical Basis ◽  
Identity Theory ◽  
Innovation Policy ◽  
Business Logic ◽  
Role Taking ◽  
Innovation Fund ◽  
New Perspective ◽  
Entrepreneurial Role

This paper explores the academic entrepreneur’s identity transition and its impact on spin-off’s innovative input. Central to this study is the factors that influence scholars’ position-holding behavior and their impact on spin-offs. Based on the data of the 2005–2010 SME Innovation Fund and 14 interviews, we investigate the influence of scholars’ role embeddedness on their entrepreneurial role-taking behavior from the perspective of identity theory. Empirical results show that scholars with higher embeddedness in academia are less likely to hold a spin-offs’ CEO position. Besides, follow-up research found that scholars holding CEO positions can increase a spin-off’s R&D input, which reveals the influence of scholars’ career imprinting and its scientific logic on role-taking behaviors and spin-offs’ innovation input. We also empirically test the effect of scientific logic and business logic on a spin-off’s innovation input, concluding that conflicts between these two logics are detrimental to a firm’s innovation input. This paper contributes to existing literature by providing a new perspective for identity theory and has implications for scholars’ entrepreneurial practice. Additionally, it provides a theoretical basis for technology transfer and open innovation policy.

Clinical Value of Computer-Assisted Taylor Three-dimensional External Fixation in the Treatment of Tibiofibular Fracture (Preprint)

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hongfeng Sheng ◽  
Weixing Xu ◽  
Bin Xu ◽  
Hongpu Song ◽  
Di Lu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Retrospective Study ◽  
Internal Fixation ◽  
External Fixation ◽  
External Fixator ◽  
Theoretical Basis ◽  
New Technology ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Computer Assisted ◽  
Clinical Value

UNSTRUCTURED The retrospective study of Taylor's three-dimensional external fixator for the treatment of tibiofibular fractures provides a theoretical basis for the application of this technology. The paper collected 28 patients with tibiofibular fractures from the Department of Orthopaedics in our hospital from March 2015 to June 2018. After the treatment, the follow-up evaluation of Taylor's three-dimensional external fixator for the treatment of tibiofibular fractures and concurrency the incidence of the disease, as well as the efficacy and occurrence of the internal fixation of the treatment of tibial fractures in our hospital. The results showed that Taylor's three-dimensional external fixator was superior to orthopaedics in the treatment of tibiofibular fractures in terms of efficacy and complications. To this end, the thesis research can be concluded as follows: Taylor three-dimensional external fixation in the treatment of tibiofibular fractures is more effective, and the incidence of occurrence is low, is a new technology for the treatment of tibiofibular fractures, it is worthy of clinical promotion.

scholarly journals E-Health & Innovation to Overcome Barriers in Neuromuscular Diseases. Report from the 1st eNMD Congress: Nice, France, March 22-23, 2019

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-12
Author(s):  
Jonathan Pini ◽  
Gabriele Siciliano ◽  
Pauline Lahaut ◽  
Serge Braun ◽  
Sandrine Segovia-Kueny ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Data Privacy ◽  
Neuromuscular Diseases ◽  
Disease Assessment ◽  
Private Companies ◽  
Social Burden ◽  
Database Construction ◽  
Significant Step ◽  
New Perspective ◽  
Expert Community

By definition, neuromuscular diseases are rare and fluctuating in terms of symptoms; patients are often lately diagnosed, do not have enough information to understand their condition and be proactive in their management. Usually, insufficient resources or services are available, leading to patients’ social burden. From a medical perspective, the rarity of such diseases leads to the unfamiliarity of the medical staff and caregiver and an absence of consensus in disease assessment, treatment, and management. Innovations have to be developed in response to patients’ and physicians’ unmet needs. It is vital to improve several aspects of patients’ quality of life with a better comprehension of their disease, simplify their management and follow-up, help their caregiver, and reduce the social and economic burden for living with a rare debilitating disease. Database construction regrouping patients’ data and symptoms according to specific country registration on data privacy will be critical in establishing a clear consensus on neuromuscular disease treatment. Clinicians also need technological innovations to help them recognize neuromuscular diseases, find the best therapeutic approach based on medical consensus, and tools to follow patients’ states regularly. Diagnosis also has to be improved by implementing automated systems to analyze a considerable amount of data, representing a significant step forward to accelerate the diagnosis and the patients’ follow up. Further, the development of new tools able to precisely measure specific outcomes reliably is of the matter of importance in clinical trials to assess the efficacy of a newly developed compound. In this context, the creation of an expert community is essential to communicate and share ideas. To this end, 97 clinicians, healthcare professionals, researchers, and representatives of private companies from 9 different countries met to discuss the new perspective and challenges to develop and implement innovative tools in the field of neuromuscular diseases. Keywords:

scholarly journals Green Governance: New Perspective from Open Innovation

2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (11) ◽  
pp. 3845 ◽  
Author(s):  
Weian Li ◽  
Jian Xu ◽  
Minna Zheng
Keyword(s):  
Open Innovation ◽  
Economic Value ◽  
Governance Structure ◽  
Structure Design ◽  
Governance Mechanism ◽  
Innovation Activities ◽  
Green Governance ◽  
New Perspective ◽  
Innovation Mode ◽  
Human And Nature

Environmental problems caused by human behaviors have become increasingly serious in recent decades, thereby driving global green governance issue to become an important research agenda. The proper governance structure design and governance mechanism arrangement can effectively coordinate the relationship between human and nature. Literatures have provided mixed evidence of harmonious development of economy, society and environment. However, few studies have examined the balance of interests between human appeal and natural environment from the perspective of governance. Open innovation activities can effectively deal with the externalities of resources and environment and then relatively balance the economic value and green value of organizations, which is an effective green governance mode, reflecting the characteristics of the main subject composition and mechanism operation of green governance. This paper attempts to build a green governance framework for the cooperation based on sustainable development among enterprises, governments, social organizations, the public and the nature. This paper examines the synergy between human and nature by presenting a framework, including related theories of green governance, innovation subjects, innovation mechanisms and innovation mode. Each country and region could use the suggested framework to develop green governance guidelines that are suitable for the environmental carrying capacity of their own countries or regions. Enterprises could use the suggested framework to develop green development strategies to coordinate the economic values and green values.

scholarly journals Semi open Innovation: an Approach to the Innovation Typology

2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 55-81
Author(s):  
Andréia De Fátima Ribeiro Rocha ◽  
Isabel Cristina dos Santos ◽  
Almir Martins Vieira
Keyword(s):  
Open Innovation ◽  
Design Methodology ◽  
Innovation Process ◽  
Technological Education ◽  
Local Conditions ◽  
Innovation Model ◽  
New Perspective ◽  
National Reputation ◽  
Innovation Mode ◽  
Technology Institute

Purpose: This study aims to contribute to the Innovation Models debate from a new perspective on the innovation process, more frequently discussed in a range from closed to open innovation model. Coming into to the discussion in the recent years, called semi open innovation, this modality of innovation has been referenced as one that uses external knowledge, however considers that this knowledge is not a crucial element for the development of innovation. In this present study, semi-open innovation is characterized when the innovation process meets specific conditions of particular set of technologies and companies bounded by the local conditions. Design/Methodology/Approach: it refers to a qualitative study, supported by case studies. Findings: It was observed that the existence of a local Scientific and Technology Institute is a reason to define the location to produce, but did not find evidences of a large use of STI resources or with other local researchers for a product development. We could not clearly identify real open innovation model in practice. However, the proximity of a technological education and University of great national reputation, in addition to providing skilled labour, becomes a source of knowledge that should be used more frequently. Conclusions pointed out that there is a restricted support given by STI. The cases show that two firms practice an open innovation mode. In one case we conclude it refers to semi-open innovation practice.

Open Innovation

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jennifer Kuan
Keyword(s):  
Open Innovation ◽  
Business Models ◽  
Innovation Management ◽  
Large Firms ◽  
Technology And Innovation ◽  
Innovation Practices ◽  
Annual World ◽  
Numerous Journal

Open Innovation, published in 2003, was a ground-breaking work by Henry Chesbrough that placed technology and innovation at the center of attention for managers of large firms. The term open innovation refers to the ways in which firms can generate and commercialize innovation by engaging outside entities. The ideas have attracted the notice of scholars, spawning annual world conferences and a large literature in technology and innovation management (including numerous journal special issues) that documents diverse examples of innovations and the often novel business models needed to make the most of those innovations. The role of business models in open innovation is the focus of Open Business Models, Chesbrough’s 2006 follow-up to Open Innovation. Managers have likewise flocked to Chesbrough’s approach, as the hundreds of thousands of hits from an online search using the term open innovation can attest. Surveys show that the majority of large firms were engaging in open innovation practices in 2017, compared to only 20% in 2003 when Open Innovation was published.

scholarly journals Understanding the evolution of epilepsy – the value of collecting longitudinal data in the setting of a first seizure clinic

2015 ◽  
Vol 42 (S1) ◽  
pp. S9-S10
Author(s):  
B Pohlmann-Eden ◽  
KT Legg ◽  
MH Schmidt ◽  
CE Crocker
Keyword(s):  
Longitudinal Data ◽  
Initial Assessment ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Disease Evolution ◽  
Advanced Stages ◽  
Concepts Of Disease ◽  
Marijuana Consumption ◽  
New Perspective ◽  
Treatment Prognosis

Objective: Our knowledge of disease mechanisms in epilepsy is biased by findings originating from cross-sectional studies and advanced stages of epilepsy. We provide a new perspective by collecting systematically longitudinal data from patients who present in early stages (ES). Methods: The Halifax First Seizure Clinic, founded in 2008, uses a comprehensive multimodal data basis addressing clinical presentation, neuroimaging, EEG findings, genetics, cognition, comorbidities, social parameters, and life style. Follow-up visits are 6, 12 and 24 months. Results: Out of 575 patients we identified 3 subgroups 1) Strictly first seizure, n=187, 2) New-onset epilepsy (> 1 seizure < 12 months), n=149, and 3) Newly-diagnosed epilepsy (seizures > > 12 months), n=50. 189 patients were excluded (not proven seizure or other conditions e.g syncope etc.). Our interim analyses suggest: A) pharmacoresistance presents in highly diverse patterns and is rarer than expected in ES, B) Congenital malformations seem to have an excellent treatment prognosis in ES, C) Marijuana consumption is significantly more prevalent at initial assessment (comparison general population), D) Preceding psychiatric comorbidities associated with reduced amygdalar volume may be a predictor for seizure recurrence. Conclusions: The preliminary and illustrative findings of our pilot study challenge current concepts of disease evolution in epilepsy.

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